Sverdlovsk kaloliwe: nkqubo, ulawulo kunye imyuziyam

ERashiya, kukho imbaxa izithuthi enamandla - Sverdlovsk Railway. Le umendo ubaleka nje emdeni Western eSiberia kunye Urals. ummandla zomzila Sverdlovsk ibandakanya yokuqala Railways ezintathu. Okulandelayo, sifunda imbali kokwakhiwa emendweni. Eli phepha ukuchaza ezikhoyo Yekaterinburg imyuziyam ekhethekileyo Sverdlovsk Railway.

Overview

Sverdlovsk Branch Railroad ukunika indlela liqhawuke koololiwe evela kwimimandla kumntla-ntshona kunye central kwelizwe lethu ku Kazakhstan, eSiberia nakwiMpuma Ekude. Le umendo yakhiwe ngendlela ekhethekileyo. Ngoko ke, oko erhangqwe yi-South Urals, Gorky kunye West Siberian Railway. Le nkqubo yothutho ubonelela ngaphezulu kwe-9.5% of kulayishwa iyonke kunye ukothula iimpahla eliphezulu-eludinini. Ezizezi: zimpahla yeoli, izinyithi ahle kunye nonferrous, amalahle, izixhobo zokwakha kunye neenkuni. Management of the Sverdlovsk kaloliwe wenza konke okusemandleni ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko, intuthuzelo kunye nokhuseleko zothutho. Inkokeli A. Yu Mironov, isekela oyintloko yokuqala - VV Iskorostensky. Iinjineli Chief SvRW - IO Naboichenko. Sverdlovsk Railway ibonelela ukuthuthwa kweempahla ezingaphezulu kwama-12 000 iinkampani zoshishino. Ukongeza, kufeza malunga omnye amawaka mahlanu driveways. Xa iinkuni zengingqi Sverdlovsk, iinkampani amalahle kunye nezimbiwa liphuhlise uthungelwano imigca ezincinane ezingena kweyona migaqo kunye namasebe.

History of indalo

Le projekthi yokuqala, ngokuhambelana wayekunye ukuba kwakhiwa ngusomashishini Sverdlovsk Railway, wachongwa I. I. Lyubimovym. Esi siganeko sibaluleke kwenzeka ngo-1868. Xa icebiso lakhe, inkqubo kaloliwe Sverdlovsk ibandakanya isebe Perm ukuya Tobol, ukunqumla izixeko ezifana Yekaterinburg, Kungur kunye Shadrinsk. Emva kwexesha elifutshane, urhulumente uye wagqiba ukwenza uphando umsebenzi emhlabeni. Emva koku, waqala ukwakha le ndlela engundoqo. Loo isiganeko ebalulekileyo zaphathiswa "Society of zemigodi zikaloliwe." umsebenzi omkhulu Uko ilizwe, amahlathi kunye uchitho yaqala ngo-1870. Ngelo linye xesha benza ulwakhiwo iibhulorho, iindlela okwethutyana kunye nokwakhiwa kusungulwe.

Emva kweminyaka esibhozo yokwakhiwa ubude yokuqala isebe kweekhilomitha 669 yavulwa. Kwindawo yokuqala yaba indlela Perm, bakhonza njengoko khona yokugqibela kwisixeko Yekaterinburg. Ekupheleni kuka 1885 wathunywa umgca kaloliwe ukusuka Yekaterinburg ukuya Tyumen. Kwaba kuphela ekuqaleni kuka-1888 kule ndlela lahlanganisa Gornozavodsk ebiza omnye umkhondo, ekuthiwa phambene Railway. 1896 kwaphawula ekugqityweni kokwakhiwa umgca yesebe Yekaterinburg kunye eChelyabinsk. Kunye nokudalwa intsontelo Sverdlovsk Railway waye nesele ulwalathiso Transsiberian. Ngenxa yokuba umthamo ndawo lwezimbiwa yayincinane kakhulu, ngowe-1906 wagqiba ekubeni ukwakha umgca omtsha ngokusebenzisa Urals. Ke kaloku, emva kweminyaka emithathu sale w / a track uloliwe wangena kuqala. Kule minyaka izayo ukuya imigca Perm Theological zinamathele, le Urals Western kunye zikaloliwe eOmsk. Kunye imi--30 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela, baye phantsi reorganizations eziliqela. Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba Perm kunye isebe Sverdlovsk ziye zadityaniswa. Esi siganeko senzeke ngo-1953.

Sverdlovsk Railway Museum

Ngo-2003, ummandla isikhululo yaba gallery yembali, inzululwazi neteknoloji SvRW. Ukuze uqaphele, i "ichweba 'endala kuba koololiwe wawusakhiwa wezakhiwo P. P. Shreybera. Okwangoku, esi sakhiwo ilitye lesikhumbuzo yembali kunye nenkcubeko kwinkulungwane XIX.

eyayichaza grand

Ngaphambi kokungena isakhiwo kwiqonga evulekileyo, nginginya eziliqela eqingqiweyo. Le misebenzi zokwakha banalo uvumo kaloliwe zaphawula ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, apha unako ukufumana oqingqiweyo isikhululo, nto leyo ngesibetho intsimbi yazisa abakhweli malunga Ukumka uloliwe. Kwakhona phambi kwesakhiwo flaunts iqela 'abahambi ". Lo mbhali Umfanekiso ubonisa leyinene elijongene abakhweli kwisikhululo. Ukongeza, yembutho ephambi kwesakhiwo lolondolozo lwembali libekwe imiboniso ebonakalayo kushishino kaloliwe. Apha uyakwazi ukubona semaphore, abasebenzi sikaloliwe netroli elungiselelwe ukuthutha sleepers, isithintelo mayixhotyiswe isixhobo kweesiginali njalo njalo.

nemiboniso

exposure yangaphakathi, neegalari ezo zifundo langoku, zombini yobugcisa kunye nembali. Xa uyila kudidi lokuqala ukhetha ukusebenzisa i siseko lo mdlalo. Loo ndlela ngenxa yokuba ingengabo bonke iindwendwe baqonde isigama kaloliwe. Ngenxa yale ukusungulwa iqonga Yekaterinburg Station lwekhulu XIX. Nto layiva kakuhle, ukwakhiwa laba esengqiqweni kakhulu kwaye ezifanayo yokuqala. Ukuphumeza oku isiphumo yaba ngenxa iifoto isetyenziswayo eqongeni. Eqongeni, ababhali kwinkcazelo amalungiselelo abakhweli, izitulo, intsimbi zokubhala kunye imithwalo. Imbali kwakuloo ndawo myuziyam linikwa kaloliwe yokuqala Russian eyathi yaqulunqa uyise nonyana Cherepanov. Nangona kunjalo, eli sesichengeni ayiphelelanga avuleke "omdala". Iindwendwe uqhelane kunye ngempumelelo kaloliwe mihla. Ukuze wenze oko, apha inkcazelo eneenkcukacha malunga nokwakhiwa zeendlela yokuqala, waxelela ibali nokusekwa nokusebenza kwe Perm kunye kwemigodi phambene kunye nemigca metallurgical njalo njalo. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba abasebenzi somyuziyam ekudaleni kwimiboniso wayefuna ukubonakalisa iinkcukacha zembali kunye nobugcisa ngokulandelelana kwazo.

Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi,

I Ekaterinburg Museum of History, Science and technology ngokubanzi zimelwe imifuziselo kunye imizekelo kwezithuthi. Ukongeza, nanga ingqokelela nezinto zakudala ezibonwayo. Umzekelo, iindwendwe baziqhelanise emisebenzini kaloliwe zombane umqhubi L11. Ukongeza, bonke abo banqwenela ukuba bahlole iindlela, izixhobo kunye izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kushishino kaloliwe.

isiphelo

Lwalawo SvRW ingqalelo kuyo indlela Museum of Yekaterinburg. Nto layiva kakuhle, kodwa liveza iya kuba umdla hayi kuphela abantu abadala, kodwa ke iindwendwe omncinane. Gallery wenza imisebenzi ezimbini ngaxeshanye. Kwelinye icala, nkqu abangenalwazi kwi undwendwe inzululwazi kaloliwe lula ukuqonda inxalenye yobugcisa ezaqanjwa. Kwaye phezu kwelinye, zonke izinto kwigalari kunokumnceda umntu ukuba andise imimango zakhe, kwaye kwezinye iimeko ukuba ukhethe umsebenzi.