State Arctic and Antarctic Museum, St. Petersburg

Arctic State and Antarctic Museum ise kwikomkhulu Northern ka-Russia - isixeko elizukileyo St. Petersburg. Oku nje umboniso eziphathekayo uhlobo iingongoma ezimbini esibi planethi, kwaye ibali lonke, nto leyo ithetha uphando ezi ezinezinga, abantu abaye yavula abatsha abaninzi ehlabathini malunga indlela nzima, kunye adventures ezimangalisayo. Arctic and Antarctic Museum - na ke izibane, amabhere ezimhlophe, walruses kunye yoonombombiya, oku isondo uvulindlela ice isikhephe umdla ngakumbi.

History Museum

Ekuqaleni kuka-1937 ngenxa yabemi Soviet wafumana indawo umdla ngokungaqhelekanga kwezenkcubeko nezemfundo - Museum of Arctic Antarctic. Kokuba ufike apha bakwenze oko ngexesha labo yehle ngenyhek kwihlabathi lasebusika ezingaqhelekanga polar kunye kwazo ezinkulu. Iindwendwe mthombo uzimisele nasongo ukubonisa imiboniso kunye nemiboniso weendawo.

Ingcamango ekudaleni umboniso onjalo yavela emva ngo-1920 xa abahloli baqalisa ukuhlola amanyathelo abonakalayo babeziindleko angasentla. Abaphandi kunye izazinzulu wabhenela urhulumente ukuseka imyuziyam okhethekileyo, osebenza isigxina. Abasemagunyeni wathatha iminyaka elishumi ukwenza isigqibo. Kuphela ngo 1930 kwi-sikhokelo nokudalwa All-Union Arctic Institute waqalisa ukusebenza Museum of Arctic Antarctic.

Le ise kwizakhiwo St Nicholas Church, zakhiwe yi womzobi Melnikov, ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX. Isakhiwo ngokutsha izihlandlo eziliqela bazenza lula kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze kwimiboniso. Siye wanceda ekwakheni myuziyam kunye nabahloli abanamava, amava nobungcali bazo buze kwenze ukuba sikwazi ukwenza le ndawo asethi ngokwenene eli lizwe kunye ikratshi abemi balo.

indawo

Namhlanje, le myuziyam iye yaphinda yathandwa kuphela phakathi bakhaya, kodwa kulo lonke ihlabathi. Apha kuza ezininzi abakhenkethi abonwabileyo bodwa iigalari kunye iiholo, nokufotwa avuleke ezingaqhelekanga. Iindwendwe bakufumana kulula pretty, kuba iminyaka emininzi wahlala idilesi ingaguqukanga. Museum of the Arctic and Antarctic, kwakunye phantse elikhulu kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, imi kuhlangana sakha Lane kunye nasezitalatweni uMarat. kufutshane kakhulu kuso kukho Nevsky Ithemba, lenkumbulo caba Fodora Dostoevskogo kunye kwisikhululo sikaloliwe eMoscow. Le ndawo kuwe xa uthe wafika kwindawo elikomkhulu kumantla eRashiya ufuna ukujonga into zoqobo kwaye basezela gqitha oyinyaniso "umoya St. Petersburg."

Ekubeni myuziyam ise ekwakheni enye ye-St Nicholas Church ubudala, loo nto elirhweba ngomoya zonqulo: lwezakhiwo, uhombiso, iipateni. Kwaye kuphela uphawu sihle emnyango uthi akukho itempile kodwa isithuba wempangelo yoluntu. iindwendwe ezininzi uthando izinyuko ebanzi nabahle baya kwisikweri ukusuka phezulu stylobate. Xa mvume imozulu, bahlala phantsi abakhenkethi romance yobulali ezihlangabezana apha ukutshona kwelanga.

Amaxabiso amatikiti alimisileyo

Ukuze ufumane ehlabathini ngekhephu yommandla Arctic, oko kuyimfuneko kwigalelo ifolokhwe kancinane. Museum weArctic Antarctic, ixabiso somnyango leyo lwentando yesininzi ngokwaneleyo, inika iintlobo kwimisitho iindwendwe yayo. fun abadala lubekelwe 230 engange. Kodwa abantwana abadala wasinika isaphulelo elungileyo, bahlawula izihlandlo ezithathu ngaphantsi - engange kuphela 70. Iintsana, abakwisikolo sabantwana, iintsapho ezinkulu kunye nokwamkelwa abakhubazekileyo simahla. Ukongezelela, qho kuLwesine wesithathu enyangeni ikhululekile, kungekho Imali yokungenela, imyuziyam ivula iingcango zalo kubafundi.

Ukuze ube nexesha ukuthenga itikiti ukuza kutsho kuma-17,30. Kamva ofisi ibhokisi kuya kuvalwa. Le myuziyam ivulwa ukususela ngoLwesibini ukuya ngoMgqibelo ukususela nge-10 kusasa ukuya 18 pm. NgeCawa, oko evala iyure ngaphambili, ngoko ke ishedyuli ihambisa cash - ivuliwe de 16,30. Mvulo - ivaliwe.

Le myuziyam nalo intle kakhulu phambi loNyaka oMtsha. Qho ngonyaka ngayo esikhanyayo yoyilo themed: umzekelo, iqhwa ezinkulu kunye nemifanekiso ka amabhere. Kodwa siganeko emangalisayo esenzeka ngowe-2005, oko kwanikezelwa iminyaka eyi-75 kulo myuziyam. Emva koko ke sakhiwo ezihonjiswe yoonombombiya enkulu, ezenziwe papier-ezenziwe ngayo.

"Northern Ndlela"

Le yenye imiboniso ezintathu weendawo thaca apha, osixelela abatyeleli imbali yophando cognitive kwindawo enye Yomhlaba. Amafoto kunye lwawo bachitha kuphela kwiphulo Russian kodwa amazwe, nto leyo kakhulu. "Northern Ndlela" ubalisa ibali malunga nophando polar, amabali angaqhelekanga Arctic navigation. Apha ungabona ubeko izikhululo kunye iBible, impahla yokwenene, izixhobo zenzululwazi kunye izinto zemihla ngemihla.

"Kukuphuhlisa" yale yinxalenye mboniso sele kudala waba ivili lokuqhuba kunye nekhampasi nosiba "Ermak" - yokuqala Arctic ice yokhukuliseko yehlabathi. We wadala yenqanawa 1988, ngokutsho umzobo, uSekela-Admiral Makarov. A indawo ekhethekileyo ebekwe bucala kunye nokusebenza Chelyuskinskoy xa abaqhubi zasuswa iyalandela floes womkhenkce abantu Chukchi. Ezi pilot baba ngamagorha yokuqala eSoviet Union. Kwakhona abantu abanomdla avuleke ukuba ityhila imbali wakwelentshona ye-flight "eMoscow-North Pole-eSeattle", nto leyo yaba yeyokuqala elolu hlobo. Isithsaba yi ubeko isebe mboniso we-Aurora, ebonisa uhlobo kwaye ubuhle yale meko zendalo.

"Arctic"

Omnye umboniso, nto leyo unikezelwa uhlobo eli isiqwenga somhlaba, kunye neempawu zayo emangalisayo kunye nezityalo okungaqhelekanga kunye nezilwanyana. Nokuba sele uqhelene kunye nesihloko, akuyi kuhlala bengenamdla kwezo yeziyilo. St. Petersburg Arctic and Antarctic Museum (St. Petersburg) bahlanganisana phantsi kophahla avuleke zazenziwe. Phakathi kwabo, indawo esembindini inikwa icandelo zomhlaba, nto leyo isiqabu imephu sekhombuya yoMntla saseNtla. It wadalwa ngokusekelwe iimephu Shokalski zemfundo wabatsala umva kude 1936.

Ukongeza, kukho zazibonisa izilwanyana bezisoloko iisimboli ze-Arctic: weebhere bayingozi polar, walruses, amatywina ezityebileyo vilandini, ihloniphekile icaribou kunye Lemmings zikhululekile. "Rookery" - enye inxalenye, ezele nabameli ezinamaphiko yale nxalenye Umhlaba: izikhova polar, ama ezipinki, guillemots kunye gagami. Kwakhona, kukho lemifanekiso malunga kumathafa, ebonisa ubuhle bayo ihlobo nobusika, kwakunye obonisa Strait kunye Glacier Matochkin Shokalski.

"Antarctica"

Phantsi eli gama kuvula ucango iindwendwe yokugqibela, ukuba sesichengeni wesithathu. Kwakhona enikelwe enezityalo nezilwanyana belizwekazi kwegama elifanayo. Ookumkani yendalo apha ke zonke zakho oonombombiya ozithandayo funny yaye angenzi. Baphila e Antarctica kwakhona iminenga, iminenga amadlozi, seals kunye elephants amatywina. Bird ihlabathi bubonakaliswe petrels, ikhephu Antarctic, kwakunye plover emhlophe namahobe Cape.

Enye inxalenye yalo mboniso enikelwe zophando ezahlukeneyo zenzululwazi. Hi ndlela leyi, ilizwekazi wavula bamazwe Russian Bellingshausen and various ngo-1820. Kwakhona, baba ngoovulindlela ukubeka unyawo kula kwisiqithi uPetros ilizwe Omkhulu kunye Alexander I. Yiyo le hambo eyomeleleyo kunye nentsingiselo kunye necandelo ezingcwele mboniso, apho ubona i uhlelo lokuqala sabheka malunga adventures Captain Bellingshausen kwi-Arctic Ocean. Le yingqokelela iimephu neetshathi yapapashwa ngo-1831 ngenani elincinane kakhulu. Arctic and Antarctic Museum ibonisa abatyeleli imifanekiso Ngaloo maxesha, xa kwakukho ezi hambo emangalisayo. In imifanekiso - leyo happy polar, inebhongo ehlabathini liphela.

Arctic and Antarctic Museum: ncomo isivakashi

Abantu abaye apho elihle kakhulu ifudumele ukuchaza into awayibonayo. Abantu abaninzi bathi ukuba ujonge imiboniso ngokuqinisekileyo umdla, kodwa kungcono ukuba bazibandakanye ukhenketho okhethekileyo. Ewe, oko kuyingozi ngakumbi, kodwa uya kufumana i iinyaniso ezintsha, kancinane-eyaziwayo malunga ezi zahlulo zomhlaba. Guide onamava baya kukuxelela lakheke amabali, kwaye ezi ndawo ziya une ayisekho ukuba ezinxulumene kuphela kulengqele permafrost.

Ngakumbi umdla ziya kuba yinto nje yokuzonwabisa abantwana besikolo. Baya bandise ulwazi lwabo lwesifundo, ibhayoloji kunye nembali. Emva kwethuba omkhulu kwesayensi kula mazwe, ukoyisa yabo thaca apha imiboniso eziliqela kunye nemizekelo. Izityalo kunye nezilwanyana emihlabeni, ubuntu edumileyo, oovulindlela oomatiloshe, iimpahla basebenza, kunye nezakhiwo apho ayehlala, ivula lonke ihlabathi - angayaziyo, ukude yothando, linomtsalane. Athathe usuku angayi ukutyelela Arctic and Antarctic Museum e St. Petersburg, kwaye uzisole.