Sergey Ozhegov - yolwimi eSoviet. Biography Sergei Ozhegova

Thina a osisityebi ulwimi unamandla kangangokuba kwaye eguqukayo zingafakwa amazwi nje nantoni na. Xa ubukhulu kwakhe akuzange nganto naluphi na ulwimi ehlabathini. Yena qho ukuphucuka, kwangaxeshanye ukuba isityebi isiseko kunye nezithethe iilwimi. Kuyinto exabisekileyo kunye self-ezaneleyo, Yiyo le imbali yabantu, sibonisa inkcubeko. Ulwimi kufuneka zikhuselwe kwaye isifundo, iye yaba yimfuneko zonke Russian. Ubukhulu kunye nobutyebi ulwimi kubonakala neencwadi ezo, ngokukodwa ezo zinxulumene yoncwadi lwamandulo, nokuba kwizichazi ukwasikhombisa ezibonisa eqhelekileyo. Kwaye ke, kufuneka sazi nokukhumbula abo izazinzulu ezinkulu owathi wabeka isiseko ulwimi lwethu.

Ezolimi

Ukufunda ulwimi waziphatha Ezolimi. Ixilonga nguwona msebenzi ulwimi njengendlela yonxibelelwano, uphuhliso yayo zembali kunye neepatheni. Ezolimi uphonononga theory neelwimi; yintoni na inkqubo ulwimi, inkangeleko iiyunithi zolwimi, yintoni na uhlobo iindidi zegrama, njalo-njalo ..

Science uthi izibakala yokuthetha uyabubona izithethi, izenzakalo iilwimi, izinto ulwimi.

Ezolimi zinxulumene kakhulu nezinye izifundo zesayensi: imbali, zakudala, ezizwe, ngezengqondo bulumko. Oku kungenxa yokuba ulwimi ihamba indawo, kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi.

Kuyo nayiphi na inzululwazi siqaqambisa ubuntu iqhosha. Ethetha Ezolimi, ingabizwa amagama afana: uViktor Vinogradov, Boduen De iCourtenay, Lev Scherba kunye nabanye. Ukanti ke ukubiza igama sisazinzulu lethu kunye nengcali yolwimi Russian Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegova, neya kuthi abambelele kule nqaku.

Umphengululi ophum ngeelwimi

Sergey Ozhegov, waphumelela kwisikolo eziphakamileyo kwiphondo yaseTver, ngoko ke Philological Faculty of University iLeningrad, inxaxheba kushishino nemfazwe yamakhaya kwi lwa kummandla Ukrainian Frot, lo owaphumelela yokugqibela ababefundisa kwiiyunivesithi ezininzi Moscow, namhlanje eyaziwa ngokuba umbhali-emafini na magama, apho sisebenzisa kwaye le mini. Ukuqokelelwa amagama Russian SI Ozhegova sisiphumo umsebenzi omkhulu we-nzulu. Apha ofumbethe isigama mihla iilwimi, ityala igama kunye izaci zixhaphakileyo. Lo msebenzi waba sisiseko lweengqokelela ezininzi iinguqulelo lwamagama Russian.

Eshe ulwimi

Abaninzi Wayethetha lula upelo Russian Sergey Ozhegov. uphindo umbhali, ukongeza, ukuba nokubakho izindululo zokuphucula iintlelo beyenza lwe sichazi-magama, vyshedeshgo ngo-1964. Ukutsha bathi kufuneka wenze ekuqokelelweni amagama amatsha ukuba bavele kutshanje ngolwimi Russian. Kwakhona kuyimfuneko ukuhlaziya iiyunithi phraseological, uhlaziye ingcamango amagama amatsha athile. Kwaye ke, simele sinikele ingqalelo ukusetyenziswa lwemithetho kunye nendlela yokubiza ulwimi Russian.

Enye mazwi SI Ozhegova lolwimi nokuchaneka yokusebenzisa. Izazinzulu zithi inkcubeko eliphezulu zentetho, nto leyo ukukwazi ukufumana umsebenzisi lula, igama olufanelekileyo ukuvakalisa iingcinga zakhe.

Dictionary of yolwimi Russian sele incwadi reference ethandwayo. Kwesi sihlandlo babenza Sergei Ozhegov. Uphindo kuye kwaphawulwa imfuneko kule ncwadi: inani leencwadi ezikhutshwe yi-magama ayikho ngaphantsi inani imisebenzi epapashwe le ezakudala ka Marxism-noLenin.

Life Nemisebenzi

yolwimi Ifani odumileyo uye iingcambu zaseSiberia. Oku kusekelwe elithi "ukutsha", babiza intonga ukukhangela ilungele ekubunjweni etyhidiweyo.

Ozhegov Sergey Ivanovich, ethetha engobomi bakhe ethi, wayethetha yokuba igama labo livela ngamakhoboka Demidov ngayo. Usapho uyisemkhulu, iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu wasebenza kwi Yekaterinburg isinyibilikise, oko wayenabantwana elinesine, kwaye bonke koko emfundo ephakamileyo.

Sergey Ozhegov wazalwa kusapho wenjineli kunye umbelekisi esibhedlele mveliso zemigodi ekupheleni kukaSeptemba 1900. kwazalelwa yakhe kwilali encinane zamatye kwiphondo yaseTver odlulileyo.

Ukunxanelwa ulwazi ezendeleyo amagama abo, ebonakalaliswe yokuba ngokubhalisa kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo, Ozhegov Sergey Ivanovich kwafuneka ayeke izifundo zakhe, uye phambili. Kodwa xa bebuyile ngaphambili, kwi-20, yena waphumelela kwiYunivesithi iLeningrad. Ootitshala zakhe ayaziwa ngexesha ngeelwimi uV Vinogradov and LV Szczerba. Sergey Ozhegov nangoko wangena kwisangqa izazinzulu iLeningrad, ngoko wadibana kunye noogxa eMoscow wazuza midlalo apho.

Ukususela ngo-1952, SI Burns ke intloko yesebe ngomlomo kwi-USSR Academy of Sciences. Umsebenzi lobunzululwazi kubonakaliswe "Dictionary of ulwimi Russian", umhleli ogama DN Ushakov. Iqela yophuhliso kwakukho Ozhegov. Kwakhona zifanelwe Ozhegova na umbhali le "Dictionary of ulwimi Russian".

Ubuhlobo ne ngeelwimi abadumileyo

Ngelo xesha, baba ezaziwayo-kakuhle zeelwimi uV eLeningrad Vinogradov no D. Ushakov. Ezi ezikufutshane Ozhegov kunye Sergei, le ngeelwimi, umsebenzi iye yabhalwa ngempumelelo apha, kuba yinxalenye yeqela usebenza uhlelo-volume ezine di Ushakov.
Ngaphezu amathathu ekhulwini Amangeno kule ngqokelela fanele ku SI Ozhegova. Kwakhona ngeli xesha kukho yingqokelela esebenzayo zezibonelelo i "Dictionary of the edlalwa yi-Alexander Ostrovsky."

Ukongeza, i abahlobo ngeelwimi abancinane sisazinzulu A. odumileyo Reformed kamva owayeza kuba umbhali le ncwadi Classic kwi Ezolimi.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko Ozhegova

Ukusebenza kwi ezibonakalayo ukuze kuqokelelwe di Ushakov, Sergei Ozhegov ukubetha kwingcamango ekudaleni isichazi kuluntu jikelele. Ngaphezu lo ingqokelela msebenzi waqala phambi kokuba imfazwe ngamaNazi. Burns bakholwa kumandla oluBomvu Army, zazingathandanga ukuba amaJamani eMoscow, ngoko ndahlala emzini. Konke oku lixesha elinzima lemfazwe, wanikela indalo yakhe. Co-ababhali umsebenzi kwi isichaza Moscow zeelwimi Winokur G. kunye V. Petrosyan. Kodwa kwayeka kude evela emsebenzini, kunye SI Burns phantse omnye benza wonke umsebenzi.

Kude kube kamva nje, waqhubeka ukusebenza Sergei Ozhegov. Dictionary of Language Russian yenziwa zezona ngokuqhubekekayo lugqibelele ekwakhiweni kwayo. Umbhali wathabatha ulwimi njenge ayatshintsha simanga ophilayo. Yena ndandikuthanda ukubukela utshintsho ezenzeka ngolwimi.

Kukho inani leefekthi aziwayo, nto leyo eya kongeza ulwazi SI Ozhegova nesichazi yakhe:

• Abantu abaninzi baye bathetha ngeelwimi ngokuphosakeleyo ifani, sigxininise yegama yesibini;
• Yokuhlolwa akukho ekuqaleni aphoswe igama elithi 'lover ", ibona kuye ngengqiqo othile;
• akakholiswa ukuhluza iindaba kunye nesigama neecawa, amagama afana "Nala", "iconostasis";
• elithi "iLeningrad" ngexesha reissue isichazi-magama zamntu yaqalisa ukuya number kungekhona elithi "ubuvila" yaye "Leninist";
• intsingiselo yegama elithi 'nokudlwengula' kwidikshinari Ozhegova wanceda mfo omnye aphume entolongweni kuba izenzo zakhe phantsi ukudlwengulwa;
• Kukho iintlelo ezintandathu isichazi-magama Ozhegova epapashwe ngexesha lokudla kwakhe ubomi;
• kutshanje asebenza kwi umfundi dictionary SI Ozhegova N.YU Shvedova; kwiindlalifa yolwimi odumileyo awuyithandi eminye imigaqo emsebenzini wayo.

ekhaya Ozhegova

Abaninzi abanamava ebomini bakhe, Sergei Ozhegov, intsapho yakhe kuphunyeziwe ezininzi ezinzima, izenzakalo, uphawu nezazi Russian.

Uyise, iphepha lokusila Kuvshinova injineli, wafumana-igumbi ezine indlu, apho ngokuqhelekileyo ukuya nezazi yasekuhlaleni. Le ndawo intle: kwi-mveliso rhoqo ukusungula, baye bakha isikolo, yaBantu House, isibhedlele. Kule yokugqibela wasebenza umama umbelekisi Ozhegova. Ngaphandle Sergei, ophezulu, wayenoonyana ababini elingakumbi nentsapho zabo. I-avareji yaba wezakhiwo, Omnci - a railwayman.

Ngowe-1909 Ozhegova intsapho yakowabo yafudukela eSt Petersburg. Apha Sergei waya kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, wajoyina umbutho ichess club kunye nemidlalo. iziqu ngempumelelo ukusuka kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, wabhalisa kwimfundo ephakamileyo, kodwa emfundo oluphazanyiswa yimfazwe.

Noko ke, emva kwemfazwe, waqhubeka iziqu. Phambi kokufumana idiploma Sergei Ozhegov watshata umfundi ovela Philology. Uyise wayengumbingeleli, imvumi enkulu self-efundisa, ukwenza umculo weklasiki kwaye iintsomi.

Burns wayengumntu kwakha nobuhlobo kakhulu. Indlu yakhe lisoloko iinkampani abanobubele, walawula ngobubele.

umfazi Ozhegova waba iindwendwe eqaqambileyo, baphila kunye phantse iminyaka engamashumi amane, wabuza unyana.

Ngexesha lemfazwe, Moscow Ozhegova intsapho yakowabo yafudukela Tashkent, kodwa izihlobo Leningrad Scientist phantse yonke ayiphumelelanga kwamabutho prezh. Kwakukho kadadewethu. nyaka-Five intombazana yathunyelwa leenkedama, yaye kamva SI Burns yamfumana nokwamkela kwakhe.

merit Ozhegova

Abaninzi Ozhegov Sergey Ivanovich, ogama igalelo ulwimi Russian likhulu kakhulu Ezolimi zasekhaya. Nguye lo umbhali kunye umsunguli izichazi ezininzi neencwadi reference. SI Ukutsha eyaziwa ngokuba lilungu le Moscow City Council of iKomishoni, uSekela-sihlalo of the Academy of Sciences, umcebisi lwezenzululwazi, umhlohli eyunivesithi.

Scientific isebenza Ozhegova

iindawo eziphambili SI yophando Ozhegova zibonisa iingxaki lexicology Russian ne-lexicography. Uye wasebenza ngokubanzi kwi kwimbali ulwimi Russian, sociolinguistics wafunda, inkcubeko yokuthetha Russian. Kwakhona wenza igalelo elikhulu Ozhegov Sergey - ngeelwimi ekufundweni ngamnye ababhali zolwimi (IA Krylov, AN Ostrovsky , njalo njalo). Abaninzi babesebenza normativity ulwimi Russian: kumhleli izichazi ezahlukileyo, iincwadi reference namaqoqo zolwimi.