Scrap yentsimbi. Zuza remelting ngokuphindaphindiweyo

Eli nqaku lichaza into ezindala ngesinyithi abamnyama, ngenxa apho ibunjiwe nendlela kusetyenziswa kwakhona kolu shishino.

ekuqaleni

Nabantu but is eziqhelekileyo kudaladala, kwaye wadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni uluntu. Izixhobo yokuqala yabasebenzi abangekaphuhli ezenziwe ngobhedu kunye nobhedu kamva, bengengabo amandla ezahlukeneyo yawa ngokukhawuleza azisalungiseki. Ingakumbi xa oko kusetyenziswa izixhobo. Kodwa ukubhaqwa indlela ukunyibilikisa intsimbi, yonke into yatshintsha. Ngokwendalo, intsimbi ayizange ngokwaneleyo, njengoko inkqubo wokwenziwa yayo elide kwaye onzima, yaye umgangatho ulihlwempu. Kodwa ngasekupheleni kwemigodi yamalahle ngenkulungwane XIX XVIII nasekuqaleni zatshintsha yonke into. Amafutha entsha iya kukhokelela ngobuninzi zentsimbi waza wenza inkqubo yoqoqosho yezoshishino. Kodwa yintoni na ezindala ngentsimbi omnyama? Kutheni yakheke kwaye kwakhona kusetyenziswa njani na? Sazi ngale nto, baya kuqonda.

lwesigama

Ngokutsho nkcazo esemthethweni, kuyekwe metal - kuba ligama adibeneyo iiyunithi inkunkuma kushishino, intsimbi inkunkuma kunye intsimbi metallurgical, esidala. Yahlulahlulwe yaba enye isetyenziswa kwisiphaluka lesibini, yaye omnye ngayo oku akwenzeki. Ngamafutshane, le ezilahliweyo ayoni - na intsimbi, nto leyo isetyenziselwa injongo eyenzelwe yona, kodwa kwakhona remelting, kufuneka kwakhona isetyenziswe. Ukongeza zisenzeka ngohlobo lokuphela kobomi iimveliso, ezindala iintsimbi nayo ivela njenge yenkunkuma kwishishini elithile. Umzekelo, ekwimo inkunkuma efana nodongwe (amathontsi), okanye isikali chip ngelixa lathes kunye noomatshini nokugaya ukusebenza. Ngenxa yezizathu zoqoqosho, kakhulu nenzuzo nto ezilahliweyo ayoni ukunyibilika kwakhona, benza kwa into enye evela nsimbi.

Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba okusingqongileyo - iimveliso zentsimbi oxide, ziyihlambele angaphantsi lee iintsimbi non-ayoni, umzekelo, bakhokele enye, kodwa rhoqo ukucocwa amachibi kunye zokulahla zesinyithi lineziphumo eyingenelo kokusingqongileyo.

izinyithi acace: Iindidi

Emva kokungena izityalo ri okanye remelting, intsimbi abamnyama ihlala uhlobo, makwenzeke, xa uqala, umahluko encinane, kodwa ayikho. Okokuqala sezilungisiwe ngokohlobo ngesinyithi ziintsimbi, intsimbi waphosa, steel stainless. Emva koko, kwipesenti umxholo carbon yahlulahlulwe yaba iiklasi ezimbini, emva koko kwakhona baziindidi ezimbini ngokwenani nezinto alloying. ukwahlukana lokugqibela kwenzeka umgangatho, yonke izidanga zalo 28. Yaye kuphela emva kokuba Ndithunywe ukuba kunyibilike phantsi. izinyithi Non-ayoni inzima ngaphezu koko, kodwa makhe njengoko siqwalasela ezilahliweyo kuphela ahlale kuyo,.

Izizathu kunye nezibonelelo

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, esinye sezizathu zokuba eyomileyo inzuzo kwezoqoqosho kwakunye kulula lengca ubutyobo metal, uqala inkqubo umenzi wayo ukusuka ekuqaleni. Kodwa ke, njengokuba kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo, remelting ezilahliweyo iquka iqela neminye imiphumo ebalulekileyo.

Okokuqala, iidipozithi yentsimbi ekrwada sisazama ngamandla. Nangona ipesenti kuwo umhlaba ngamandlakazi mkhulu kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nabanye, kodwa ubuntu iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu isikali mveliso olubanzi ixhoba labo.

Okwesibini, ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha yancitshiswa ngenxa ukunyibilikisa ekrwada - amalahle - oovimba zikude kakhulu ukusuka nanto. Oku kuquka nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni dioxide emoyeni kwaye, ngenxa greenhouse effect kulo. In ilizwi - izinyithi ayoni and non-ayoni kwaye zithengiswe kuluncedo kuqoqosho karhulumente kunye nokusingqongileyo xa iyonke.

Le nto ikhona kuzo zonke kumazwe aphuhlileyo, ngaphezu kweminyaka elikhulu.

Business

Emva kokuba Ukuwa kweUSSR kunye igalelo yenkqubo yoqoqosho zongxowankulu nakwiiriphabliki nabo baqalisa ukukhula eyihambisa ishishini labucala. Ke kaloku omnye iintlobo zakhe - yinto ubuchule ahle kunye nonferrous ezilahliweyo metal evela kubahlali. Ukongeza, ziphilise phantsi lweshishini yonke, leyo kule minyaka okanye zigcine ixesha sele efunde isixa esikhulu yentsimbi.

Yaye mihla le shishini yandile phantse kuzo zonke kwilali uyakwazi ukufumana indawo ukuthatha ensimbi amnyama okanye bebala. Amaxabiso phezu kwakhe, nangona ndazikhamela ibe sikhokelo engqongqo, kodwa ayehluka kancinci kwi mmandla.

USSR

Kwiminyaka eSoviet Union kwakhona rhoqo wenziwe iintshukumo ezinkulu-ekwizinga ukuqokelelwa yentsimbi. Ezilahliweyo kunye nenkunkuma zesinyithi ayoni ade besikolo, Scouts kunye nezinye abemi ngendlela buqu, kwaye esidlangalaleni, umzekelo, kwi-ntliziyo ukuze abafundi Institute okanye abasebenzi zesityalo kwafuneka ukuba xa compulsorily aqokelele ton okanye emibini yentsimbi badlule. Kuba ezixhasayo olubonakalayo ngokufuthi ngoMatshi May Day abaqalise uhlobo kweetrekthali kunye neemoto eye ngokupheleleyo ezenziwe ngentsimbi, wafumana Komsomol.