Scheme tube msindo. Idayagram kwe lo mshini

Eli nqaku liza kufundwa ngokweenkcukacha msindo neetyhubhu ze cleaner wesekethe. Kakade ke, le ndlela iphelelwe, kodwa namhla uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana abalandeli "Retro". Umntu bakhetha nje isandi tube digital, kunye umntu ibandakanyeka ekunikeleni ubomi yesibini ubugcisa, okuhlala, kubuyisela kwakhona balithande kancinci. abaqhubi manqindi engahlawulwayo abaninzi irediyo, abasebenza emoyeni, sebenzisa isibane ukwakhiwa kwamanye amacebo aqukuqela. Umzekelo, UHF lula ukwakha kanye phezu izibane enamandla, kuba transistors ziya kakhulu xaka.

circuit msindo kwesakhiwo

Le block umzobo imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Umthombo uphawu (microphone output, ifowuni, ikhompyutha, njalo njalo. D.).
2. ulawulo volume - a potentiometer (resistor bume).
3. Le preamplifier yakhelwe phezu isibane (ngokuqhelekileyo transistor), a transistor.
4. Umqokozo wesekethe yolawulo ithoni liqhagamshelene isibane anode preamplifier.
5. msindo lokugqibela. Yenziwa kwi pentode, umzekelo, 6P14S.
6. A isixhobo lomntu, esivumela imveliso kwenkqubo isithethi wokukhulisa kunye Aplikheyishini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le ndima udlalwa phantsi uhlobo sombane (220/12 Volt).
7. unikezelo mbane, apho yombane ezimbini eyakhiwe: rhoqo 250-300 V kunye 6.3 V ac (12.6 xa kuyimfuneko).

Ngokutsho mzobo block, ezakhiwa ngayo umgaqo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuhlola inkqubo node nganye ukuvelisa lo mshini kuye na iingxaki okubangelwa kakuhle.

LF Power sesimangalo

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, umbane kufuneka aveze ixabiso ombane ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Ukuze wenze oku, sebenzisa i sombane ne design okhethekileyo. Umele ukuba engathi ezintathu - Networking, lesibini nelesithathu. Le yokugqibela ezimbini kuvelisa ifildi ombane ka 250-300 V no 6.3 V, ngokulandelelana. 6.3 - ombane nokubonelelwa neetyhubhu kwayo. Kwaye ukuba, njengokuba umthetho, akunyanzelekanga ukuba naluphi na unyango, umzekelo, kwi ukuhluza kunye nokulungisa, le volts AC 250 kufuneka utshintsho kancinci. Oku kufuneka ukuba ukuqhagamshela wesekethe wokukhulisa umthombo wamandla.

Ukuze usebenzise le ibhloko rectifier, nto leyo ubunjwe ilight semiconductor ezine kunye okucoca - capacitors Electrolytic. Ama avumela ukuqondisa alternating current kwaye wenze ezisisigxina. A capacitor ine phawu umdla. Ukuba ujonga capacitors wesekethe ngokwendawo AC and DC (umthetho Kirchhoff kaThixo), uyakwazi ukubona omnye. Ukusebenza, lo ukuvimba capacitor kufakwa kwi iziphaluka rhoqo yangoku.

Kodwa xa usebenzisa kwisekethe AC indawo yayo ithathwe icandelo umqhubi. Ngamanye amazwi, xa kufakwa ebhankini ngamandla capacitor uza kufumana i DC ombane ecocekileyo, zonke ingxenye elitshintshayo izakulahleka ngenxa iiclamps circuited elifutshane kwisekethe elingana.

Iimfuneko transformer

Yimeko ebalulekileyo - ubukho inani elifunekayo engathi obonelelo anodes kunye cingwana nebomvu Iibhalbhu. Kuxhomekeke apho beesekethe usebenzisa msindo amandla ifuna elivuthayo amandla ombane ezahlukeneyo. ixabiso Standard - ngu 6.3 V. Noko ke, ezinye izibane, ezifana G-807, PG-50, zifuna lombane 12.6 V. Le nzima kuyilo wenza ukusetyenziswa sombane yobukhulu enkulu.

Kodwa ukuba uceba ukuqokelela igunya kuphela izibane ngomnwe (6N2P, 6P14P et al.), Imfuneko yokuba lowo umbane hayi elivuthayo. Nikelani ingqalelo ubukhulu - ukuba ufuna ukuqokelela msindo encinane, sebenzisa i abaguquli olunye-coil. Baye ethile omnye - akunakwenzeka ukufumana eliphezulu umthamo. Ukuba kukho umbuzo amandla, kungcono ukuba asebenzise abaguquli TS-180, TS-270.

Housing izixhobo

Kuba ezisezantsi amaza yokukhulisa elihlolwa ngcono kusetyenziswa lwezindlu kwi-aluminiyam okanye iqaqanjiswa, ukuhlangana radioelements ukuvelisa osisiqingatha sebala. Engxakini isixhobo bedibana kwibhodi yesekethe eprintiweyo - kuba ubilisa iziseko isibane imilenze baqale delaminate ngelotha evela emthondweni, oko itshatyalaliswa. Lost umfowunelwa, kunye nomsebenzi ULF uba ukutshabalala, kukho ezinye izandi.

Ukuba i pre-sigaba yesekethe msindo lisetyenziswa kwi transistor, kuya kuba bubulumko ukuba uyenze intwana encinane PCB - ziya kuthembeka ngakumbi. Kodwa ke ukusetyenziswa gqith yenza neemfuno zalo ngamandla. Oku kunokwenziwa amalungiselelo kwityala ngeplanga isiginci ULF. Kodwa ngaphakathi kufuneka ufake isisu semoto otyhidiweyo, nto leyo iza kuqokelelwa isixhobo yonke. Uyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise istili metal, njengoko yenza kube lula ukuba ukuhluza aqukuqela enye kwenye, nto leyo ishenxisa ithuba self-excitation kunye nezinye ukuphazamiseka.

Lungisa umthamo kunye nethoni

isekethe msindo esilula kuxhaswa imigaqo ezimbini - umthamo kunye nethoni. Umlawuli wokuqala zixhonywe ngqo kwi wawelela ULF, yona ikuvumela ukuba uguqule ixabiso uphawu ozayo. Ungasebenzisa resistors ezahlukeneyo nayiphi uyilo eya kusebenza kakuhle kwi ULF. Ngenxa ulawulo ithoni kwakhona iingxaki kufuneka kwenzeke - a resistor variable zifakiwe kwisekethe anode kweqonga yokuqala. Kufuneka kuphela ukujonga ujikeleziso senziwe apho ulwalathiso ukongeza RF, yaye yintoni umthamo LF.

Uyacetyiswa ukuba ukwenza yonke indlela evela yokukhulisa mveliso, kungenjalo kuya kuba nzima ukuba ukusebenzisa design. Kodwa nje wesekethe ulawulo ithoni, kuya kuba bubulumko ukuba ufake iyunithi encinane, nto leyo eya Ukutshintsha amaza omoya kwindawo uluhlu olubanzi. yokukhulisa Schemes ityhubhu isenokuba iimodyuli encinane semiconductors - ZIVAKALA, izihluzi ephantsi-empumelelo. Ukuba akukho umnqweno ukuvelisa ithowuni-ngokwakho, oko zingathengwa ezivenkileni. Iindleko isandi esinjalo lisezantsi kakhulu.

stereo sesimangalo

Kodwa ULF stereo zokumamela ukuba wawumhle ngaphezu mono. Kwaye ukuba kube kabini njengokuba nzima - kufuneka uqokelele omnye ULF kunye efanayo parameters. Ngenxa yoko, ufumana izimvo ezimbini kunye neziphumo ezininzi. Kwaye ke wesekethe amandla wokukhulisa kunye nezigaba lokuqala kufuneka ibe twatse, kungenjalo intsebenzo iya kwahluka.

Zonke capacitors kunye resistors mnye parameters - ukusuka amaxabiso kweziganga kunye nokumelana. iimfuno ezithile ukungavumi ukutshintsha - kufuneka isetyenziswe uyilo Okuhamba ukuba ulawulo volume, kunye nethoni. Ingcamango yokuba kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukufana yokulungelelanisa ezi parameters kuzo zombini channels.

inkqubo 2.1

Kodwa ukuze kuphuculwe umgangatho isandi, ungadibanisa subwoofer eya ikhulise ezitsho eliphantsi. Umphathi wesekethe uqhagamshelo msindo ngokubanzi ayitshintshi, kuphela ibloko wesithathu lifakiwe. Enyanisweni, kufuneka ube yokukhulisa nomsindo efana ngokupheleleyo emithathu - omnye ekhohlo ijelo, ekunene, subwoofer.

Qaphela ukuba ulawulo evolyum subwoofer wahlukile CFP. Oku kuya kuvumela kwixesha elizayo lokutshintsha kwinqanaba inzuzo. Lungisa amaza "extra" uphunyezwe esekethe, equka capacitors eziliqela kunye resistors. Kodwa unako ukusebenzisa okucoca ezisezantsi-yokupasa esele zenziwe, ezo kuthengiswa kuyo nayiphi na ivenkile inamacandelo radio.

isiphelo

Siye sahlolisisa seengcinga yokukhulisa ityhubhu, adla ngokuphindaphindiweyo hams kwezoyilo zabo. Self-ukuvelisa phantsi amandla umntu okwaziyo indlela yokusingatha i intsimbi ngelotha, kunye noncwadi zobugcisa. Ke ukuba anithanga nibe nako ukwahlula phakathi resistor kunye ekondensa musa ukuzama ukufunda nantoni na, kwaye kufuneka msindo, kungcono ukucela i inkosi onamava ukwenza VLF.