Revolutionary Nechaev Sergey Gennadevich: engobomi, impumelelo kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Sergey Gennadevich Nechaev - revolution kunye kwakungekho. Inkokeli "isohlwayo yaBantu". Emele ngendlela efana ubugrogrisi Russian yotshintsho olululo. Wabanjwa kwaye entolongweni ngenxa kokubulawa zomfundi ivanov. Eli nqaku kwincwadi engobomi bomntu emfutshane revolution.

ebuntwaneni

Nechaev Sergey Gennadevich wazalelwa Ivanovo ngo-1847. usapho inkwenkwe leyo amahlwempu. Uyise wayesebenza njengomzobi kwaye yiweyitala. Umama wakhe wasweleka xa Sergei wayeneminyaka esibhozo ubudala. Uyise kwakhona watshata, kwaye ikamva abazalwana ababini revolution kungekudala kwavela. Babehlala endlwini lokulala-mbini kunye nootatomkhulu kunye noodade. Xa kwasebuncinaneni bakhe, Nechayev sele uyazi into ukungalingani kwezentlalo. Xa Sergei wayeneminyaka elishumi ubudala, uyise bamfundisa ukuba ukukhonza umgidi kwaye amalungiselelo "gofer" kwi-mveliso. Kodwa iqhawe eli nqaku zange afune ukusebenza sisicaka.

Learning

Ngowe-1865, Nechaev Sergey Gennadevich wafudukela eMoscow. Apho, lo mfana ndafumana umncedisi umsebenzi mbali M. P. Pogodina. Emva konyaka, Sergei waya kwikomkhulu lasemntla, sele idlule yoviwo utitshala waza waqalisa ukufundisa kwisikolo Insert. Ekubeni ekwindla ka-1868 umfana waba ntliziyo e St. Petersburg University. Kwaba khona ukuba wayedibana Russian iincwadi anti-government. Nechayev wafunda uMikhail Bakunin, Petrashevists kunye Decembrists. Kungekudala Sergei wayengomnye namaqela abafundi waqonda ukuba into lokuzalwa kwakhe. Washiya zonke iintlobo zezinto, phantse bashiya inkonzo wazinikela ngokupheleleyo ukuba into oyithandayo entsha. umfundi oneminyaka eli-amabini ubiza utitshala yi umsebenzi yaye zakhiwe injongo yakhe ebomini - ". inguquko zezopolitiko nezentlalo"

Ukufuna nabo

Nechaev Sergey Gennadevich bazi kakuhle ukuba revolution ayikwazi ukwenza yedwa. Ngoko ke, lo mfana kwakufuneka namahlakani. Kodwa kwafumaniseka ukuba ube yingxaki kakhulu: Sergey ayifiki wayesazi abantu yaye esazi ukunxibelelana embi ngayo. Nechayev anibanga ukuzimisela hlaba, kodwa ukuqesha abafundi abazange wasebenza. Yena watyhwatyhwa isibindi sakhe nento endiyithandayo, impetuosity nerhashalala yaye iminxeba ye imiboniso. Ngenxa yoko, inxalenye enobulungisa bafundi free-ecinga wavakalisa duba yakhe.

Geneva

Sergey Gennadevich Nechaev, ogama engobomi uqhelene kubo bonke abalandeli imbali yeenguqu, wagqiba ukusebenzisa indlela eyahlukileyo ekugayeni abaxhasi. Njengoko usazi, abantu baye kwanabo benza ngegunya. Kwaye nakukufumana oko, kufuneka uhlale entolongweni. ukubanjwa kunokwenzeka kunye eqongeni evalelwe ukuze kukhawuleziswe inkqubo. Kwaye wenza Nechayev - yaphosa qaphela bethwele ukuba amapolisa entolongweni buyo. Kodwa yena Sergei waya eGeneva (Switzerland), apho wayethembe ukuba acele inkxaso Ogarev, Herzen kunye Bakunin. I ezimbini zokuqala zange afune ukujongana ebaxiweyo ekwaluphaleni kwakhe, ngoxolo ukugxeka urhulumente Russian esebenzisa iphephandaba "I Bell". Kwaye apha M. A. Bakunina waba kwindawo esebenzayo ngakumbi. Ngapha koko, ngexesha owaguqula waphantse waphulukana intloko yakhe, kuba athabathe inxaxheba Dresden neziphithiphithi Prague kaThixo ethandwayo. Mihail Aleksandrovich kuphuhliswa intanda yakhe - anarchic. Oku kubandakanya indawo ilizwe yoluntu elizenzekelayo ezamahala ilawulwa yi umgaqo "bottom-up". Le mbono Bakunin wayefuna ukuphumeza iminyaka emininzi. Kwafuneka nje ukuba afumane amavolontiya abakwaziyo ukutshabalalisa urhulumente.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba Mihail Aleksandrovich ingqalelo ukuba sergey umntu ogama izandla angasindisa i Russian isiphithiphithi osindisayo umlilo. Kulungile, yiyeke Nechayev nzulu ngezinto ukubona ukuba wayefuna - yombutho ofihlakeleyo ezininzi kwaye enamandla ophantsi kolawulo Sergei nzima yaye usoloko ekulungele ukuba bavukele. Kuba Bakunin lwenzelwa ithenda ukusuka Ogarev kunye Herzen Bahmetevskogo imali kwiNgxowa-mali kunye mfana waba inkxaso theoretical component. Ngokukodwa, uTshawe anarchist kweli nqaku iye yanceda ukukhulula odumileyo 'ICatechism of a Revolutionary. "

Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo - Mihail Aleksandrovich Nechayev wabhala igunya fake. Olu xwebhu wanika Sergei ogunyaziswe ukuba enze njalo egameni "union ngamazwe olululo namalungu eSebe Russian." Emazantsi yaba utyikityo yokwenyani Bakunin. Emva kokufumana axhase ophambili ezinjalo, Nechayev wabuyela eRashiya, uziva ngathi ekuguqukeni ngokwenene. Wayengenalo ingcamango elizayo kwaye akanamdla anarchism of Bakunin. Nechaev Sergey Gennadevich uthembele konke kwi-postulates of iCatechism wakhe, omnye athi: "Le revolution uyamdelela nayiphi doctrinairism. Yena nenzululwazi akanankathalo wempangelo. Lowo ushiya kwisigwebo izizukulwana ezizayo. Revolutionist uyazi inzululwazi enye kuphela -. Inzululwazi wentshabalalo "

Ngelishwa, Nechayev wakwazi akhohlise nje kuphela abanye abafundi, eli gendarmerie immigrants Geneva, kodwa naye. Abantu abaselula bakholelwa ngamandla zabo phezu umbutho-onamandla onke yotshintsho olululo. Emva kokubuyela kwakhe elikomkhulu izilingo kuphela isibini abaninzi abafundi eluhlaza.

ulwaphulo-mthetho

Ngowe-1869, revolution walungelelanisa ukubulawa umlingane wakhe I. I. ivanova. Le nto ichaza nasiphi na ngobomi bakhe. Sergei Nechayev wenza ukuba ukwala yomfundi ukuthobela imiyalelo yakhe. Lo mfana ke omele inkampani "kubulawa zabantu" kunye neziko elikhulu eGeneva, leyo, Kakade ke, akazange ayisekho kwindalo. Ngenxa yoko, Sergey wadala uzive ubandakanyeka ebangela. Yaye ngenxa yokuba enye kuphela indlela yokuphuma - ukufa. Nechayev kunye nabo bamazwe i ivanov unelishwa kwi esigangeni, apho wakrwitshwa. Kwesidumbu umfundi ezama kutshona kwi Neva. Kolwaphulo- mthetho kwi amateurish, ngoko abaphandi baye ukutyhilileyo oko nje ezimbalwa iinyanga. Bonke abathathi-nxaxheba babanjwa kwaye ufake kwi ematyaleni. Kuphela ngumtyholwa engundoqo wakwazi ukubaleka amazwe.

Sinqumo nokufa

Revolutionary Nechaev Sergey Gennadevich, ogama engobomi kuye uchazwe apha ngasentla, kwakhona bafika e-Switzerland. Le ndoda yazama ukuba ukuvusa abantu abafudukele Russian wadala bubuqhinga yabo yokuqala. Abatshutshisi bloodhounds of kontrpolitsii kwezopolitiko willy-liqhubeke negalelo ekomelezeni igama revolution Nechayev. Kodwa babesakhunjulwa Sergei yamlukuhlayo Bakunin wazama kuyena kwiindlalifa ongasekhoyo Herzen. Ngoko ke, ezikholisayo ngelo xesha uluntu abakwazanga yotshintsho olululo. Ekupheleni kukaJulayi 1872 emva kokuba ndinyeliswe Nechaev wabanjwa kwaye zithunyelwe eRussia.

Inkundla yamgweba iminyaka engama-20 ngenxa yomsebenzi onzima kunye yenhlawulo. Kodwa Nicholas II yabagxeki linenxeba isigqibo ebuhlanti, akuba wagqiba ekubeni kungena enqabeni ubomi Sergey. Kanye emva kweminyaka engama-13 emva kokubulawa revolution wafa esiseleni, liwuthuthumbisa isizungu, ukungondleki kunye nezifo.