Reserve "Magadan": enezityalo nezilwanyana

Magadan Reserve yasekwa ngo-1982. Oku kuquka iintlobo ezininzi izakhiwo zendalo kunye namathafa kuMmandla Magadan. Esi sibonelelo ukwakweli elunxwemeni loLwandle Okhotsk.

reserve Magadansky iqulathe amacandelo eziliqela leyo ilahlwe kwindawo kumgama eyaneleyo enye kwenye. Ukuba ulukhuni, akukho iindlela zothutho zokuhlala. Iindawo ku KuloMgabuli Magadan Reserve, zahluke kakhulu zemozulu iimeko, isimo, izityalo kunye nezilwanyana. Malunga enezityalo nezilwanyana le nto, siza kuthetha namhlanje.

ehlathini

Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha kwintsimi lonke ehlanganiswa amahlathi. Ukuba lingama coniferous. Larch Cajander - iintlobo eziphambili ihlathi-bokwakha. Larch - uhlobo iqhelekileyo kwi-myezo. Bagubungela ngaphezu kwesiqingatha amahlathi. Apha wafumana iintlobo 7 kwamahlathi larch. Eyona eqhelekileyo - elfin-moss. Asezikhundleni imigxobhozo, amanzi namathambeka ngokwaneleyo, iziporo kumathambeka. Le uhlobo wesibini yandile apha - ezinambuzelayo omsedare. Umbono lo yolondolozo lwendalo ifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo ngohlobo etyholweni, kwaye phantsi isinyuko amahlathi larch. Bagubungela isinye kwisithathu ummandla amahlathi. Elfin omsedare zifumaneka kwi kwamaxandeka ezintabeni ayafika phezu nakumahlathi umda larch. Intaba eyetundra loaches baze ngaphezulu. Kunye komsinga nemilambo okusisiseko, apho kungekho permafrost, ukunyuka ihlathi ibhanti. band yabo nemveliso ngakumbi, yaye ibanzi ngaphezulu komfula ebonakalayo. Kuphela inxenye kubo apho chosenia nemipopulari, alder kunye ngokomngculuba. Ukongeza, it has ukuqhama mkhulu iyantlukwano kwimibutho zezityalo.

Ngenxa underflow Talik ecaleni imilambo emikhulu zenza iintlambo relict-Chosenia yebhalsam ehlathini. main uhlobo sabo chosenia krupnocheshuychataya kunye aqholiweyo yebhalsam. Udibana Betula platyphylla kunye larch, oya kufikelela kwezi ndawo imveliso eliphezulu. Nazi ezinye umthi womngcunube. I-Reserve, nangona inkqubo yemibhobho ehambisa ephuhliswe kakuhle, la emahlathini yayimfutshane ngesithomo. Kamennoberezniki, alder, beloberezniki eqhelekileyo ambalwa. Eyona ndawo encane amahlathi, ezimila Aspen kunye nespruce laseSiberia.

undergrowth

Ngokumalunga undergrowth, iincindi zalo eziphambili zezi: alder, elfin, ryabinolistny Fieldfare, icherry Asian, Weeks ezityiwayo, spirea, loosestrife nemfusa uSteven, kwaye shilovniki tupoushkovy echinated, ezinde Middendorf. Amacandelo owayamileyo kwamatyholo alawulwa ezirhubuluzayo nerosemary, cranberries, Shiksha ulala namadoda, iiblueberries.

Le tier moss-ulele kugcwele iintlobo ezahlukeneyo moss eluhlaza, moss sfangovye kwenzeka kakuhle kwamanzi kwiindawo.

Iimpawu ezindaweni ezabelwe

Eziphawula Magadan Reserve ngokwemiqathango iinxalenye zayo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba zonation nkqo zohlaza kuqhelekile kubo. Oku kubonakala kakhulu ngokucacileyo kwindawo Olsk apho a lot of ezintabeni. Nguye sisezantsi kakhulu. Lo mmandla umdla ethile. Ezintabeni kunye nemozulu emanzini ezichaza yokuvelela kotyani yasekuhlaleni. On indawo Olsk (Magadan Reserve) Larch ndingekho, kodwa iindawo enkulu wambu yehlathi pine ezincinanana. Ukongeza, le tundra intaba kwakhona ziyathandwa indawo enkulu. Kumathambeka intaba ukhule kamennoberezniki ecocekileyo. Nezom-Chosenia amahlathi zifumaneka iintili emlanjeni, encinane ubukhulu. Xa sifika asentla, ukuba indawo iintshinyela luluqilima umsedare elfin kunye alder. Ezi zizandyondyo ezi zakustarennye okuqhelekileyo amadlelo forb-ingca ende. Yamskoe kwamahlathi (kumazwekazi inxalenye yayo) ibandakanya ulwabiwo isithuba fir laseSiberia. Ezi zityalo i oyidingayo kwendawo egciniweyo kwi Magadan Magadan Region. izityalo nespruce Pure ayakhekanga. Oku kwenzeka njengenxalenye onogumbe listvennichkov mmandla, yaye maxa wambi amahlathi, nezom-Chosenia.

Siphendu- iimpawu izilwanyana ezihlala Magadan Reserve. Amafoto yazo prestavleny ngezantsi.

nezilwanyana ezisentlabathini

Of chipmunk ezanyisayo zixhaphakileyo ukuze kuphawulwe, vole ebomvu, nembila, pika, impungutye, ibhere elimdaka, ermine, Sable, ngoboya. Elk kwezi ndawo nayo kuninzi. Iintlobo ezihlala kuzo zonke iindawo, kodwa ukuxinana ityala ungaphantsana, ukuba unomatse, eqhelekileyo flying unomatse, weasel, vole, wolverine. Kuzo zonke iziza, koko, waphawula Iindlela ingqawa e Magadan Reserve. Ezi zilwanyana kuba yenye yezinto eziphilayo ezisengozini kwi reserve. Lynx (eliboniswe ngasentla) ifumaneka kwiindawo ehlathini. Ngenxa ezibiza ezinoboya yoqobo kunye isilwanyana phambi kokusekwa reserve ngokuxhomekeke intshutshiso.

Kuba eziliqela iintlobo eziyimfuneko ukuze ukubakho kwemiqathango zifumaneka kuphela kwiindawo ezithile. Umzekelo, nelamaxandeka zonxweme Yamskogo Ola - indawo kuphela ummandla wolondolozo lwendalo, ekhaya KwiMarmot abamnyama-eliswenyiweyo. Izilwanyana ezifana ingcuka, iinkuni lemming, adle kunye must-ibuzi ifumaneka kuphela kwisiza Seymchanskom kunye Cava Chelomdzhinskom. Kuphela ngomhla wokugqibela ababhalisiweyo Asian shrew iinkuni mouse kunye East Far.

Red-engwevu bomvu-backed vole, chipmunk, vole neenkuni lemming - abemi zezilo hlathi ukuba okufana lonke kuMmandla Magadan. Enye kakhulu ezinqabileyo ehlabathini kweempuku i Amur Lemming. Izakufunyanwa kuphela kwimpuma eSiberia.

nezilwanyana zasemanzini

Ke ukuba nezilwanyana zaselwandle, uhlobo oluqhelekileyo kakhulu kwi Magadan Nature Reserve - yinto itywina itywina edyojiweyo (ingasentla). Le isilwanyana ixesha ice-Yinkululeko ukhetha ukuhlala kufutshane elunxwemeni. It ulungiselela iidipozithi kwi nomsinga yokuphumla eliphantsi kwi Spits anamatye okanye ubhenca ebhankini. Akiba, okanye itywina engqongwe sifumaneka ikakhulu ngaselunxwemeni losingasiqithi Kony. uphawu elineentshebe, okanye nembila ulwandle eziqhelekileyo kwamanzi reserve. Yena amaninzi afumaneka zibangele, kufutshane elunxwemeni. On Matykil island (Iamskoy inxulumene kwiziqithi) kuphela aggregations yayo enkulu, nto leyo ibandakanya abantu abangama-60. Kukho naye one-of Magadan reserve rookery weengonyama yolwandle. Bephuma rookery oku kuwa, ukuya kwiindawo emzantsi ngakumbi. Emva koko, entwasahlobo, ukuba ziphinde apha ukuze zizale.

imik

Umnenga ixhaphakileyo ehlala emanzini myezo, i whale umbulali. Yeyona zininzi kakhulu ejikeleza usingasiqithi Kony. ELwandle Okhotsk, kuyo kwinxalenye esemantla omiweyo yi YamaSilamsi okanye minke whale. Yena ivamile kwiindawo ezingaselunxwemeni nzulu. Summer minke uqhele kufuphi ekusingasiqithi Kony.

Kunqabile kakhulu umnenga reserve ka hina. Siyazi kuphela malunga iintlanganiso ezimbalwa kuye ebudeni bobukho apho reserve abanomdla thina. Ngamanye amaxesha, amanzi onxweme kuza ngempazamo porpoises, belugas, lionfish.

namasele

Siyaqhubeka ukuthetha malunga izilwanyana yento efana yolondolozo lwendalo Magadan. Inkcazelo eziphila abahlala apha akazange athathe ixesha elide. Ziquka iintlobo ezimbini kuphela. Ummeli salamanders na intulo eSiberia kunye isele eSiberia - tailless. intulo Siberian (ingasentla) ohlala kuzo zonke iinkalo Magadan Reserve. frog Siberian bafumana abemi iyachithwa. Izakufunyanwa kwi reserve kuphela nezitya zemilambo Tauy, Kolyma, Yama, Cava.

fish

Phakathi iintlanzi efudukayo zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo - chuma, salmon pink, coho salmon. Manqaphanqapha kwenzeka sockeye kunye chinook salmon. On imilambo kunye Chelomdzha Pit ibekwe zidala zendalo salmon, indawo leyo uthathwa nje enkulu kuLwandle Okhotsk. Emilanjeni likhulu kummandla wolondolozo (Cava, Yama, Chelomdzha) ezi trout ezininzi omdaka, Isakare, grayling. Last - abemi zixhaphakileyo yoMnayile i Magadan Reserve. Malm naye omnye kakhulu ezininzi.

iintaka

Ngokumalunga avifauna, kuba akukho ezahlukeneyo ukusuka uphawu kummandla Okhotsk-Kolyma. Kwi-Reserve uyakwazi ukufumana abameli amaqela 13 ezihlala kumntla-mpuma weRashiya. Xa nelezihlambo Tauiskaya apho Cava Chemlomdzhinsky isabelo kunye Ukuba kwisininzi oxbow Thermokarst kunye namachibi zezinye enkulu loovimba zasemanzini. Apha indlwane hlathi bean irhanisi, nenkuku yamanzi-shouter, Okuluhlaza (Garganey and San), pintail, wigeon, mallard, shoveler, mergansers ezinkulu kunye neziphakathi. Okufana iintlobo kwimpuma aseSiberia (iminenga, izimvu Okuluhlaza, idada harlequin kunye scoter abamnyama baseMelika) abamba izilwanyana zasemanzini Far East incasa. Ezihlanjeni yemilambo amaninzi zifumaneka capercaillie, ptarmigan, icula.

Ukukhusela zasemanzini

Oovimba yommandla Magadan zibaluleke kakhulu ngokhuseleko kweyantlukwano yendalo. Ngokukodwa, Magadan idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuseleni imihlambi zasemanzini ukuba acande emdeni wayo. Isibakala sokuba zonke iziza ibekwe phezu kweendlela ezingundoqo intaka yokufuduka. Ngaphambi kokuba kubekho engcwele, ukondla iindawo izikolo abapasileyo ziqhutywe lokuzingela olunzulu. Ngokusebenzisa kummandla ahlala nguRhulumente Natural Reserve "Magadan", ithuthela yinxalenye ebalulekileyo weentaka, amarhanisi, kwakunye ezinye iintlobo amadada ukuba bahlala kude kumntla-mpuma lizwe.