Primordially Russian waboleka mazwi: imizekelo. ngamagama asemzini

Enye amacandelo esi etymology isigama, ukufunda imvelaphi yamagama kwisiqalo yeenguqu yonke isigama ulwimi. Primordially Russian kunye amagama abolekwe babonwa nje ngokwembono etymology. Zizo ezi zoleko ezimbini, nto leyo walhule yonke isigama ulwimi Russian, ngokwemiqathango ngemvelaphi. Eli candelo Lexicon unika impendulo kumbuzo indlela ulizwi, oko kuthetha ntoni, phi kwaye nini belibolekiwe, kunye utshintsho ngokwemigaqo.

Russian Isigama

Onke amazwi ezikhoyo ulwimi, jonga isigama. Ngoncedo lwabo, esiyibiza ukuba ezahlukeneyo izinto, iziganeko, izenzo, imiqondiso, amanani, njalo-njalo. D.

Isigama uchazwe ukungena Slavic inkqubo iilwimi, nto leyo phambi imvelaphi yazo eziqhelekileyo kunye nophuhliso. isigama Russian imiliselwe elidlulileyo izizwe Slavic, yaye ukutyhubela iinkulungwane iye yaphuhliswa kunye nabantu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-magama zomthonyama sezibona ixesha elide.

Kwakhona kukho umaleko yesibini isigama: amagama ukuza kuthi kwezinye iilwimi ngenxa kukuvela amaqhina zembali.

Ngoko, xa siqwalasela isigama ukusuka kwindawo imvelaphi, kunokwenzeka ukuba ikheswa amagama lweenkobe Russian, waboleka. Imizekelo yalo magama ukuba omabini amaqela thaca ngolwimi kukuninzi.

Imvelaphi yamagama Russian

isigama Russian inamagama angaphezu kwama-150,000. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni magama abizwa ngokuba lweenkobe Russian.

Primordially Lexicon IsiRashiya izigaba ezininzi:

1. Kwimeko yokuqala, omdala, iquka amagama nelibonisa amagama ezinjalo, leyo ngazo zonke iilwimi (utata, umama, inyama, ingcuka kunye nabanye);
2. Akha kwenqanaba yesibini amazwi Proto-Slavic ziqhelekilyo zonke izizwe Slavic (pine, ingqolowa, ndlu, inkuku, kvass, itshizi, etc ...);
3. Le kwenqanaba yesithathu yefom lawo amazwi entetho yaseMpuma nokuxubana ukususela ka VI-VII (mnyama, indodakazi, yamangcwaba, iiproteins, namhlanje);
4. Iqela lesine - enyanisweni amagama Russian bubonakala ekupheleni XVI-XVII kwiinkulungwane (ijam, Blizzard, etyholweni phakathi, uncothule, ukuphumla, ngenye imini, ichule, umqhubi, inkohliso, ukucoceka, njl ...).

Le inkqubo yokuboleka

Xa ulwimi lwethu yokuhlalisana amagama lweenkobe Russian waboleka. Oku kungenxa kuphuhliso sembali eli lizwe.

Njengoko abantu baseRashiya endala wangena ubudlelwane yenkcubeko, uqoqosho, ezopolitiko, emkhosini, urhwebo kunye namanye amazwe. Kuyinto ngokwendalo kwakhokelela ekubeni aba amazwi abantu, lowo siyasebenzisana ngolwimi lwethu. Kungenjalo, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba baqonde omnye.

Ngezi iilwimi eziboleka Russified ngokuhamba kwexesha, kubandakanywa iqela lamagama aqhelekileyo, kwaye sele wayeka ukuba bacinge kubo ngolwasemzini. Wonke umntu uqhelene amagama afana "iswekile", "bath", "lomzabalazo", "lwentsebenziswano", "isikolo", kunye nabanye abaninzi.

amagama Native Russian abolekwe yaye ephila ngasentla, kuba ixesha elide yaye zibe yinxalenye yobomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, nokunceda ukwakha intetho yethu.

amagama Foreign kulwimi Russian

Ukufumana kulwimi lwethu, amagama amazwe kufuneka itshintshwe. Ziguquka kuchaphazela kumacala ahlukeneyo: i nefonetiki, morphology, semantics. Yemalimboleko zixhomekeke nemithetho nemigaqo yethu. Kula mazwi kukho utshintsho iiclamps, xa izimamva, ukutshintsha isini. Ngokomzekelo, igama elithi "epalamente" abe oyindoda, kwaye isiJamani, apho kwathi --avareji.

Loo nto ingatshintsha intsingiselo zonke. Ngokomzekelo, igama elithi "opeyintayo" thina ibonisa umsebenzi kunye isiJamani - i "opeyintayo."

Ukutshintsha semantics. Umzekelo, amagama-mboleko, "okunkonkxiweyo" "babebambelele", "elondoloza" yaye bahlile beza kuthi evela iilwimi ezahlukeneyo, bengenanto yakwenza. Kodwa ngolwimi lwakhe lweenkobe, isiFrentshi, isiLatini nesi-Italian, ngokulandelelana, beza kwisiLatini kufuneka 'ukusindisa ".

Ngenxa yoko, kubalulekile ukuba wazi apho ulwimi elibolekiweyo amagama. Kuya kukunceda ukuba ukufumanisa intsingiselo yawo lungelelanisa.

Ukongeza, ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukwazi amagama lweenkobe Russian waboleka kwi isigama kunobukhulu, apho sisebenzisa yonke imihla. Ukulungiselela le njongo, kukho izichazi-magama, apho wacacisa intsingiselo kunye nemvelaphi igama ngalinye.

Ucalulo lwamagama mboleko

amaqela amabini amagama abolekiweyo kuma ukuba uhlobo oluthile:

• weza evela ulwimi Slavic;
• athathwa iilwimi ezingezo-Slavic.

Xa iqela lokuqala ziquka esinobunzima staroslavyanizmy enkulu - amagama, okukhoyo ukususela kwinkulungwane IX kwiincwadi zecawa. Ke amagama ngoku ngokubanzi afana "umnqamlezo", "indalo", "amandla", "isidima", njl abaninzi staroslavyanizmy babe nucleoside Russian ( "ezidleleni." - "izidlele", "umlomo" - "imilebe" kunye nabanye. ) abelwe phonetic ( "amasango" - "esangweni"), morphological ( "ubabalo", "nomxhamli"), lwesemantiki ( "igolide" - "igolide") staroslavyanizmy.

Iqela lesibini ibandakanya ngokuboleka kwezinye iilwimi, kuquka:

• Latin (kwimihlaba yenzululwazi, impilo, ezopolitiko - "esikolweni", "Republic", "Corporation");
• Greek (nendlu - "umandlalo", "ukutya", amagama - "ntonye", "isigama");
• YaseYurophu Western (emkhosini - "HQ", "ngodaba" zobugcisa - "ngoM", "ububanzi", amagama elwandle - "iphenyane", "zalapho" "schooner" amagama zomculo - "bendlela", "mdlalo");
• Turk (kwi "Pearl", "Caravan" inkcubeko kunye norhwebo "yentsimbi ');
• YaseScandinavia (nendlu - "ankile", "isabhokhwe") mazwi.

Dictionary of Amagama Foreign

Lexicology - inzululwazi ngqo kakhulu. Apha yonke wakhiwe ngokucacileyo. Onke amagama bohlulwa babe ngamaqela, ngokuxhomekeke isalathiso, nto yakha isiseko.

Primordially amagama Russian waboleka bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amabini ngokusekelwe etymology, ukutsho oko imvelaphi.

Kukho izichazi ezahlukileyo sifikelela iinjongo ezithile. Ngoko ke, ungatsalela umnxeba sichazi-magama zasemzini, equlethe imizekelo ulwimi lwasemzini, kwanawezayo kuthi kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi. Uninzi la magama ngoku waqonda ukuba Russian. Esi sichazi-magama intsingiselo ibonisa apho ilizwi beza kuthi.

Dictionary amazwi angaphandle kwilizwe lethu lonke ibali. Eyokuqala yasekwa kwinkulungwane yokuqala elinesibhozo, kwaba ngesandla. Ngelo lixa beza isichazi-magama volume ezintathu, amandla uN Janowski. Kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini kwakukho uthotho lonke izichazi amazwe.

Phakathi elaziwa ukuze kuthiwe "School Dictionary of Amagama yangaPhandle", ihlelwe yi uV Ivanova. Okufakwe dictionary ebizwa ulwazi malunga imvelaphi yamagama, banikwe utoliko intsingiselo yalo, imizekelo zokusebenzisa, ibinzana esitalini kunye naye.