Palace of Amaqumrhu - iprojekthi engagqitywanga ukusukela eSoviet Union

Enye yeeprojekthi yokwakha zibalaseleyo ye-USSR - oko engagqitywanga Palace of the Amaqumrhu, abo babezama ukwakha 30 kunye 50. Injongo yokwakha yalo ukubonisa amandla kunye nobukhulu socialism.

Qala umsebenzi

Ingcamango yokwakha isakhiwo sale ubukhulu kwenzeka ngo-1922 ngexesha lokuqala Congress of qumrhu. Injongo yale ukwakhiwa ukubonisa ubukhulu mzi, echaza ukuba nguye embindini ehlabathini, ukudala ingoma eyodwa evela izakhiwo ezinemigangatho kumbindi wesixeko. Palace of Amaqumrhu zange kwakhiwa, kodwa ngenxa yesi sicwangciso baqala ukuphuhlisa ngokubonakalayo nakubugcisa basekhaya, indlela entsha, leyo ibizwa ngokuba "classicism kaStalin."

1931 kwaphawulwa omkhulu kukhuphiswano lwamazwe ngamazwe, injongo leyo ukuchonga labazobi best noyilo isakhiwo ngokwayo, apho wayeza kuba embindini isixeko eMoscow. Palace of iSoviet kucingelwa nje ulwakhiwo lesikhumbuzo phezu kophahla izakhiwo ezinkulu komzi, kodwa imeko yezakhiwo yayo emikhulu ukuba babemele ukubonisa ubukhulu ngamandla kwaye betha i ekucingeni abemi abaqhelekileyo.

Ukongeza iingcali abathatha inxaxheba kolu khuphiswano, kwaye njengabemi abaqhelekileyo, kwakunye umsebenzi bezakhiwo abasuka kwamanye amazwe. Noko ke, inkoliso iiprojekthi akazange ahlangabezane neemfuno eliphezulu okanye musa ukuhlangabezana ideology eli lizwe, ngoko olu khuphiswano iye yaqhubeka phakathi contenders yokuveliswa ngamaqela amahlanu, eziquka B. M. Iofan. Ebudeni beminyaka emibini khuphiswano, abathathi-nxaxheba baye wadala iiprojekthi ezingaphezulu kwama-20. Iziphumo ukhuphiswano zaye kubhengezwa ngoMeyi 10, 1933, xa iKhomishini isigqibo ekwamkeleni uyilo B. M. Iofana, kwaye sebenzisa ubuchule engcono kunye nezinye bezakhiwo projekthi, etsala ukuba basebenze iprojekthi yokwakha.

Building and War

1939 kwaphawula ukuqala yokwakha. Le nkongolo elilandelayo iqela wagqiba nakugqiba ngo-1942, kodwa oku akuzange kwenzeke.

Kakade ke, lo mbono wamazwi. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba USSR Palace of qumrhu waba ukuba banyukele eemitha 420 ukuphakama, ukuphakama iisilingi yayo ngaphakathi kufuneka ube malunga 100 eemitha. Hall, apho kwacetywa ukubamba intlanganiso yeBhunga ePhakamileyo, equlethwe ngokwayo (iprojekthi), abantu 21.000, kodwa igumbi obuncinane ukuthatha iindwendwe 6000. Umakhi oyintloko ndandingayithandi nesibakala sokuba esi sakhiwo kuya kufuneka ukufaka oqingqiweyo Lenin, njengoko sesakhiwo ngesakhiwo ubuya kukhawuleza libunile ecaleni abakhulu ezukileyo. Noko ke, kwafuneka ukunika indlela phantsi koxinzelelo abaxhasi.

waqala ukwakha ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki, kodwa ekuqaleni kwemfazwe, wonke umsebenzi wamiswa. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo Palace of iSoviet wahlala ngaphandle ifreyim yesinyithi. Yena yayibanjwe ngenxa yeemfuno zoshishino kushishino, ngelo xesha ifuneka ngokungxamisekileyo kwi yesinyithi.

Emva kwemfazwe, zonke izibonelelo ezibekelwe bucala ukuze kwakhiwe isakhiwo, zasetyenziselwa kuvuselelwa lizwe, ngoko ke ulwakhiwo sele esingaqalwanga.

Emva kokufa kukaStalin kaThixo, ulawulo lwakhe kakhulu yagxekwa, enyanisweni, njengoko wenza iprojekthi yokwakha. Ngoko ke, Khrushchev wagqiba ukubamba ukhuphiswano yeprojekthi entsha lokwakha. Noko ke, nantoni contest ezintsha umdla ayivezi, ngoko ke ulwakhiwo iye yaqhubeka.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iiprojekthi zokwakha wamazwi zonke ixesha kwaba kuphela isiseko apho namhlanje endlwini ka Krestu unguMsindisi. Ndlu ekwakheni Ibhotwe qumrhu, leyo phantsi etempileni, iqulethe eninzi ehamba kunye ezifihlakeleyo, kodwa ukufumana akukho elula njengoba singathanda.