Ombane - imfundiso ebalulekileyo zobunjineli bombane

Umbane - ifomu ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo kakhulu zomntu amandla. Ngaphandle ubaxo, singatsho ukuba inkcazelo umbane njengoko electron wayalela sindululo yaziwa kakuhle nokuba ukusuka physics esikolweni iincwadi zezifundo. Kodwa nantsi into okuyiyo ombane ye yangoku kwaye inikezelwa njani "intshukumo ngocwangco" uyaphendula asinguye wonke. Khumbula ukuba electron, i eziziziqalelo kagesi ngokwayo nge umqhubi na ukuhamba. Kwelinye icala, kuphela intshukumo iintlawulo ahambelana nokuhanjiswa ihamba ngokwenza umsebenzi luncedo ngohlobo soguqulo lwamandla ukusuka kwesinye isimo ukuya kwesinye. Ngawo la utshintshwano ye yangoku yombane kwezinye iimeko uba ibhalbhu ilayite filament, yaye abanye - yokubolekisana motor ivili. Kwimeko yokuqala esinayo inguqu amandla ombane abe bubushushu, kunye yesibini - magnetic. Energy ichithwe ihamba imirhumoo emele ukuhlawulwa ukuya kumthombo inkxaso yangoku yombane kwisekethe. Ayahamba na umqhubi, ngoku athuthe umthombo EMF amandla umsebenzisi - izinto engathi olulingana injini, njalo njalo

Ukuba ukuchaza njengoko inani iintlawuliso ayahamba umqhubi, kunokuthiwa umsebenzi ngoku kuxhomekeke kubungakanani ezi zityholo ngexesha. Yaye yintoni kugqiba yangoku yombane kwisekethe? Cinga umfuziselo ukuhamba ngoku umzekelo jet amanzi yokukhutshwa nakrakra kwangelo liso emazantsi lombhobho zinokuzaliswa phezulu. Khawucinge ukuba umfuziselo yethu itankana - umqhubi, yaye amanzi - oku inani elikhulu zamathontsana of electron. Ngoko ke kucacile ukuba bebaleka ngeyunithi nganye kwexesha ubungakanani bamanzi kuxhomekeke parameters ezimbini - yengcinezelo kumhlathi yamanzi kwiisekethe zombane, ochazwa ngokuba ombane, orifice ubukhulu kunye - analog ukumelana sombane. Ukuphakama ikholam wamanzi kule modeli ichaza ikhono aphezulu umthombo wamandla, ibiza kwamathana-ezifana umsinga elektroni leyo ahambe ukusuka phezulu ukuya umaleko asezantsi. Isakhono amandla ubunzima amanzi, ngamanye ukukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi eluncedo kumanqanaba aphezulu nolusezantsi ezahlukileyo. Ngenxa umahluko enokubakho phakathi amanzi kumpompoza basemgodini kunye kwinguqu lwamandla enokubakho kumhlathi amanzi entshukumo jet amanzi energy. Ukuba ukuphakama kwikholam amanzi ukwandisa, umahluko isakhono, okanye ombane, ukunyuka, yaye ngoku, okanye ngaphezulu ncam, ubunzima elibaleka unit amanzi ixesha ngasinye nalo liyanda. Ngoko ke, le ndlela ecetywayo ibonisa kisekiyo ngqo amandla yangoku ombane.

Ngethiyori, le imveliso amandla ibhalwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: I = f (U) * K, apho ndiya - ngoku, U - ombane kunye K - iimpawu ngamnye yesekethe yombane zikhukula impendulo yangoku - le conductivity. Le ndlela ngokuqhelekileyo abaqeshwe njengamacala le conductivity of R = 1 / K, yaye ibizwa ngokuba "ukuxhathisa". Ukumelana kudla iphathwa njenge umthwalo yesekethe luncedo. Xa imodeli wethu, le "kumelana" indawo hole yenzelwe some amanzi: elikhulu oko kukuthi, kokukhona permeability yayo, okanye, ngolwimi Unikezelo lombane, yaye kungeso ukuxhathisa amanzi uhle.

Le modeli ngokucacileyo kubonwa lamandla uhuhamba kwentlawulo-kwamathana uguqulwe kumandla entshukumo esihlambo aqukuqelayo. Le ukuxhathisa elisezantsi (okanye conductivity ephakamileyo), kokukhona umsebenzi mechanical izakwenziwa umzimba ngamanzi. Ngamanye amazwi, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo payloads - a DC converters, ezifana olu cingwana esiguqula amandla ombane abe ubushushu nokukhanya, Ikhoyili relay iguqula amandla ombane abe magnetic, njl

Ukubuyela iisekethe zombane, sinokugqiba ukuba amandla yangoku ye I yangoku kunye ombane U izinto zombane parameters emisela A umsebenzi ngoku (A = U * I).

Xa eli langoku emiselwe isixa isigxina igqithiselwe, kwaye ombane sisizathu esibangela electron "ngocwangco 'ifuduke enkudlwana ukuya umthamo elincinci. Ukuba ombane akakho esikolweni, akukho isixa elektroni yamahala into ingakhokeleli intshukumo kweentlawulo. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho ombane ingakhokeleli kukhutshelo lwamandla.

umboniso Kakuhle miphumela ngamanzi; besakha usebenzisa umahluko kwinqanaba enkulu (amandla) amanzi. Apha ubunzima bokulala amanzi efanayo nomsinga, kwaye umahluko kwinqanaba wechibi eliphezulu nolusezantsi udlala indima yokuba isakhono umahluko.