Njengoko lo moya izakujongeka ngo-2050

Le kushishino lweenqwelo ulindele ukuba ukwanda kasixhenxe endleleni emoyeni ngo-2050 - kunye nokwanda kane egesi, ukuba amanyathelo ezimbi elingazange lithathwe. Kodwa kakhulu kangakanani la manyathelo kufuneka, yaye yintoni utshintsho kuyilo moya, baphila? Iza kukhangeleka ngathi iinqwelomoya kwiminyaka 35?

mninzi ibhetri

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba kushishino lweenqwelo iye okusingqongileyo kukho umbane ngokupheleleyo yonke inqwelo-moya. Oku kuthetha zero izalathi si zokunikwa ezikhutshwayo eziyingozi emoyeni, kwakunye nokubonelelwa moya amandla avela izikhululo ezizodwa ukuba nazo lingakunika ngokwabo. Le miqobo lobuchwepheshe olungundoqo ekufuneka soyise - ezixineneyo Ibhetri, ngesalathisi obonisa indlela amandla ezihlanganisiweyo ubunzima elithile ibhetri. Ophethe Tesla uthe ngokukhawuleza ibhetri, esikwaziyo ukuvelisa watt-iiyure 400 kilogram nganye, kunye namandla yeseli lomba ubunzima lilonke malunga 0.7-0.8, moya transcontinental yombane kukwazi ifezeke. Ngenxa yokuba neebhetri lwe Lithium-ion baye bakwazi ukufikelela lexinene watt-iiyure 113 ikhilogram nganye ngo-1994, i-watt iiyure 202 ikhilogram nganye ngo-2004 yaye njengangoku ukuxinana watt-iiyure malunga 300 kilogram nganye, oko kuthathwa ukuba kule minyaka ilishumi ezayo, ukuze bafikelele kakuhle ukuxinana-iiyure ze-watt 400 ikilogram.

ixabiso ukungalingani

Enye inkalo kufuneka ibe yidrophu kakhulu kwamaxabiso panel solar, leyo sele uhlobo zisezantsi lwamandla kumazwe amaninzi phambili. Bekulindeleke ukuncipha 70 ekhulwini kwixabiso iibhetri lwe Lithium-ion ngowama-2025 yaye nokwanda okukhawulezayo amaxabiso amafutha jet olusekelwe separafini, kukhokelela ekubeni ukungalingani kakhulu iindleko ukugcinwa elektroniki kunye eqhelekileyo moya, nto leyo, ekuhambeni kwexesha iza nzulu ngokukhetha umbane kushishino lweenqwelo .

Biofuels kwi ixesha lokulinda

Noko ke, ukuba uthathe ingqalelo thina into yokuba umlinganiselo ubomi umkhweli okanye impahla moya yi-21 no-33 iminyaka, ngokulandelelana, kwanokuba zonke moya entsha zavelisa namhlanje, bekuya kuba elektroniki, ukulahlwa olupheleleyo Jets amafutha wayeza engamashumi amabini ukuya kwezintathu . Ngoko ke, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo into yokuba biofuels ezifundisa ukuncipha ebalulekileyo ukukhutshwa kwezinto eziyingozi (ukusuka 36 ukuya njengoko 85 ekhulwini, nto leyo kuxhomekeke kakhulu ukuba izibaso ikhule phezu komhlaba). Yaye ekubeni inguqu amafutha enye ukuya kwenye ilula, oko kujoliswe omkhulu, nto leyo ixabisa ukusukela phambi kokuba ukulahlwa epheleleyo iinjini ukutshiswa yangaphakathi moya.

iingxaki

Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba iinqwelomoya ebalekayo kwimixube standard kunye zeoli zaqinisekiswa ngo-2009, lo kushishino lweenqwelo ke akukho ungxamile ukutshintsha into. Into yokuba kukho iingxaki ezithile obuchwepheshe kunzima ekwandiseni imveliso lwezibasi zendalo kwisikali yorhwebo. Kodwa xihinga iphambili nangoku ixabiso - kuba amafutha umgangatho usahleli, ixabiso libiza kancinane kwaye intsalela ulungelelene iminyaka ubuncinane enye ezilishumi.

Inkqubo yokwazisa iteknoloji entsha

Ukusungulwa nayiphi iteknoloji Aviation entsha - zako yinkqubo engelula, nto leyo iquka uphando, imizobo uyilo, uvavanyo kunye nenkqubo nzima lokuhlanganisa. Yaye ngokuqhelekileyo ubuncinane leminyaka. Ngoko ke, ngenxa yokuba ngokukhatywa ngokupheleleyo injini yokutsha lwangaphakathi kushishino moya i inokwenzeka kuphela phakathi kwenkulungwane, nengqiqo xa uthathela ingqalelo okusingqongileyo nemali ubona umnqweno ukuqalisa kwezinye iindawo: kuyilo airframe, izinto zokufunda ezikhoyo ukwakhiwa kunye air traffic yolawulo.

Ukuphunyezwa ingcamango zifezeke

Njengoko ubona, ihlabathi ngoku ufumana utshintsho ezinzulu abasisigxina technology lula. Kungenxa yoko le nto abantu kufuneka bayeke indlela yonke imihla yokucinga, ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo oko izibonelelo ziyafumaneka ngoku kubo, kwaye sebenzisa ukuba ukubumba ngokuchanekileyo ikamva loluntu. Kumba iindleko computing amandla nga ngokukhuselekileyo sithi ubuchwepheshe khompyutha inkqubela ngeyure enye ngaphezu kwiminyaka yokuqala asithoba yobukho. Ujonge le into, oko kuthathwa ukuba elingana ikhompyutha, ngoku kubiza amawaka eerandi, ngo-2023 ukuze ibe namandla ngakumbi ingqondo yomntu, kunye enkulungwane phakathi, ukuze Zizigqithile amandla bonke ubuchopho abangabantu baqokelelene ndawonye. Ukuba songeza kunye ngamandla computing wanda kunye nokunciphisa ubungakanani iikhompyutha, sinako kucinga ukuba kule minyaka ilishumi ezayo iya kuba iikhompyutha adityanisiweyo aya kuba nako ukulawula ngokupheleleyo moya moya ngexesha lenene.