Niyalazi for Beginners: izixhobo, iiresiphi, ubuchwepheshe

Ecetywayo kweli nqaku iingcebiso ukuba inkosi niyalazi kwabasaqalayo ukuba akuncede ufumane ezikumgangatho ophezulu iziselo ezinxilisayo, nto leyo musa kukhokelela eziyityhefu.

Niyalazi lufumaneka ngokuxhomekeke lobushushu kuzo zonke izigaba imveliso. Abantu abaninzi bayabuza: "Indlela kakuhle niyalazi, ukuqalisa imveliso yalo?"

Mhlawumbi Makuqatshelwe iingongoma eziphambili:

• ekusebenziseni ukhetho kunye nokulungiselela izinto zokuqala ekrwada;
• ukubila;
• neyanamhlanje;
• zokuhlanjululwa;
• intuthuko, apho othululwayo banikwa ukuya incasa ethile, ivumba kunye nombala.

Ucoco kwabasaqalayo kungakhokhelela banike amahlwempu okuthile. Phuma utywala namafu kunye ivumba embi - isiphumo zokutenxa evela imithetho zokupheka. Ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba ukhanyise amanqanaba eziphambili. Ngoko ke, makhe sithethe abanalo. ukuqala phi?

Ukukhethwa kwezinto kokuqala

Ngokuqhelekileyo xa bekhetha izinto njengoko njengenqobo engundoqo athathiweyo nokufumaneka kwayo, okt yokonga imali. Ngokufuthi isiseko yeswekile uvela. Le mveliso yinto exabisekileyo kunye okunesondlo. Kuxhomekeka kwindawo apho ethululwayo iveliswa, starch, iinkozo ezahlukeneyo, beetroot, iitapile zingasetyenziswa endaweni iswekile.

Yintoni ukukhetha - le distiller okanye rectifier?

Niyalazi kwabasaqalayo ibandakanya ngesisombululo umba: "Nguwuphi isixhobo ukukhetha?" Zonke izixhobo neyanamhlanje thaca shishini lungohlulwa lube neyanamhlanje kunye ukulungisa column. iiyunithi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo imelwe site www.zasamogon.ru. Niyalazi kwabasaqalayo likhupha imitha ngokubanzi ngokwaneleyo.

• Ezenza i - a izithuthi odidi, ukwakhiwa apho yaqala kwiinkulungwane ezadlulayo. Isiseko yokusebenza iqulathe zivula ukuba reflux utywala kunye amafu emva kwe umphunga kwi Ikhoyili okupholisa.
• Fracking - isixhobo owabonakala kutshanje. Bona isekelwe elebhu kwemoto ufakelo, efunyanwa ngokusebenzisa utywala ecocekileyo. Xa izixhobo ulwelo lwe ngumash ifunyenwe yi utywala kakhulu. Oku kuphunyezwa ukusetyenziswa distiller, nkqu neyanamhlanje ezininzi.

Ukumisela umyalelo, apho icebo okulungileyo wena, kufuneka uphendule umbuzo wokuba yintoni umphumo ofuna: utywala olunyulu okanye iziselo odidi, okwenze isongo umgangatho zendalo izinto eziphambili ekrwada?

Yintoni na imiqulu ye-tywala onesiphumo?

Musa ukulibala malunga nenqanaba lokwenziwa komsebenzi. Phambi kokuba uthenge kufuneka wenze isigqibo ukuba zingaphi iilitha zesiselo ukuba imveliso ngexesha. Ukuba imiqulu ezinkulu akuyomfuneko, kucetyiswa ukuba kuthengwe izixhobo ilitha-13 ukuze abanalo. Kuba neyanamhlanje nye oko kunika ithuba lokuba ukufumana iilitha 3 distillate. Noko ke, ukuba unqwenela ukufumana umthamo olukhulu asile, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo icandelo ilitha-35.

Indlela ukufudumeza ityhubhu ukuwutsala?

Ukuba indlu isitovu segesi, akayi kuba yingxaki inkqubo ubushushu. Kodwa ukuba nguwe umnini Isitovu sombane okanye induction, kusenokubakho ubunzima obuthile, njengokuba kulo mzekelo, cube neyanamhlanje kufuneka ube ngezantsi flat ngokupheleleyo. Oku ukwandisa coupling kunye element ubushushu. Zombini version umgangatho weyunithi ziya kufaneleka.

Ingakumbi kuba zenzelwe imifuziselo ezikhethekileyo izixhobo, ifanele izitovu yoqheliso kunye nezifudumezi zombane kulo msitho. Ngokomzekelo, singakwazi ukhankanye brand "Ivanovich-Suite".

Ingxaki eyahlukileyo i ukufumaneka kwamanzi aphilileyo endaweni leyo iyasondela. Alithandabuzeki elokuba, amanzi abandayo etephini kwenziwa phantse onke amakhaya mihla, yaye ukuba ngaba ukuphisa ikhaya ekhaya, ungenazinxaki zemveliso amanzi.

Kodwa ukuba uhlale endlwini yelizwe yaye uza ukupheka Braga na apho? Kulo mzekelo, ukuhamba kwamanzi unikezelo unokuba yingxaki. Ukusombulula le ngxaki, nazo zaqulunqwa imifuziselo ezikhethekileyo ukusebenza ngaphandle kobukho amanzi aphilileyo.

Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye igubu ngomphunga okanye akunjalo?

Qiniseka ukuba uqaphele ukuba kukho inkqubo enjalo, njengoko niyalazi kwabasaqalayo? Umphunga Igubu - lophawu ebalulekileyo yenkqubo. elinye igama layo - le ekondensa reflux (okanye sump). Le efunekayo ukuze kuthintelwe kwi niyalazi enzima oyile fusel xa inkqubo yokucoca ulwelo. Esi sixhobo inika incasa elungileyo and physical imveliso umgangatho abanalo. Nomnikelo ifunyenwe ngaphandle ukungcola, kwaye akukho amavumba amazwe.

Kwakhona ngoncedo reflux anganika simswelise livumba elithozamisayo. Ukulungiselela le njongo, ngaphambi ulwelo kwi umgqomo kubekwa sohlobo udiliza.

Le sumps iyimithi nkqo kwinqanaba ngokuhlanjululwa asile aphezulu kakhulu. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukuthandwa baqalisa ukusebenzisa oomatshini kunye igubu ngomphunga kabini.

Ingaba ubushushu kuya kufuneka?

Alithandabuzeki elokuba, njengoko ekondensa reflux, ithemometha kuyimfuneko kakhulu xa moonshining. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba abilayo utywala kunye yamanzi tiko phakathi amaqondo okubila nganye kwezi zinto zimbini. Ukwazi oku feature, abaninzi baye babhenela ukuzoba iitafile zabo ukulawula iqondo lobushushu apho ulwelo kwenzeka. Xa imveliso ukuzithengela imveliso kunye inqanaba esemgangathweni ophezulu.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho sisetyenziswe iindlela zemveli moonshining, apho ubukho ithemometha ayikho imfuneko. Kodwa kuya kusiba ezincinane ngosuku abathandi. Kulo mzekelo, bonke kuxhomekeke incasa umenzi. wayinyula: izixhobo kusithenga niyalazi kunye ubushushu okanye ngaphandle kwakhe.

Yintoni efunekayo ukuze nokwenziwa kotywala yasekhaya?

Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka Stock up on:

• umgqomo ngenxa yokubola kwezinto yokutya (iplastiki, iglasi, intsimbi engatyiwa, obisi esifanelekileyo kunye aluminiyamu);
• uphawu amanzi;
• okuze utywala;
• amanzi;
• iswekile.

ukulungiselela Process

Ukuba ugqiba kubhenela ukusetyenziswa, itanki elineelitha-30 ngenxa yokubola, ngoko kuya 25 eelitha Ukuhlamba. Okokuqala, nto wathengisa amanzi asebhotileni. Kwaye athathe amanzi asuka kumbhobho, kodwa kufuneka yahluzwa. Esebenzayo kunye emthonjeni okanye amanzi kakuhle. Oku kufuneka iilitha-20.

Amanzi kufuneka afudunyezwe kancinci. Kufuneka bakhuliswe ku degrees 40. Xa amanzi ashushu iswekile iyachithakala ngokulula kakhulu. Amanzi iphalale ka-5 kg eswekile om-1: 4 ndikunyibilikise waxhokonxa de nokonakala epheleleyo.

Ukulungiswa Igwele

Okulandelayo, silungiselele igwele ukwenza. Kungcono usebenzise ezikhethekileyo, xa kuthelekiswa nabo ezisetyenziswa kwimeko yokubhaka, aba babe eziliqela eziluncedo:

• Ivumba kubo zincinane kakhulu kwaye mnandi ngokubanzi, ethi ichaphazele incasa yotywala yasekhaya.
• Iveliswe amagwebu kakhulu ngaphantsi.
• amagwele ezizodwa ukubonisa ukuxhathisa utywala. Braga uya kubekho irobust ezongeziweyo, kwaye imveliso kwi ngomnyango ukuze ngakumbi.
• Igwele ngenxa yokubola utywala izixa ezingaphansi amancinane ukungcola.

Kwimeko enjalo, njengoko niyalazi kwabasaqalayo, umyinge Igwele owomileyo kubaluleke kakhulu. Bala inani ilula kakhulu. ilitha 1 of Wort nganye kuya kufuneka malunga 3.5-4.5 iigrem nagwele utywala. Kubonakala ukuba iilitha 23 ahlambe kufuneka 80-100 g

Xa isityana esincinci ezaliswe ilitha 1 eshushu, kodwa amanzi ashushu, malunga-35 degrees. It iyachithakala 50 grams iswekile. Emva koko igwele yaziswa. Emva kwexesha elithile kumphezulu maqampu izakuvela. Oku kuthetha ukuba igwele waqalisa ukuba ibhadule.

Kufuneka ukuba ulinde malunga neeyure ikota ze ugalele umxube ngenxa kungena Wort uzilungiselele. Igunya kufuneka itywiniweyo kwaye ubeke itywina amanzi. Igcwele isixa amancinane amanzi.

Ukubila iqala emva kweyure kangangesiqingatha. Iintsuku zokuqala ezimbini Braga ukuba usikhwezele, njengoko igutyungelwe ngefoyile ye phezulu, nto leyo ethintela ukuhamba oksijini.

Ukubila Active ibekwe esweni nokusebenza ivalve hydraulic. Ukuba kuwo kudla izandi yayikukunkcenkceza, igwele esebenzayo. Le nkqubo zihlala ukuya kwiiveki ezi-3. kunokwenzeka kwakhona ukuba shutter ukufumanisa umsebenzi wayo nesiphelo.

Braga ngamashishini akufuneki ukuba mnandi, okanye enye into - hayi zonke iswekile ngokutsha kwaye iza kufuna nokongeza Igwele yokubola ukuba uqhubeke. Oku kuya kunceda isixhobo, ukulinganisa umthamo iswekile. Kufuneka ube irekhodi 0-2%.

Xa nomnikelo lilungele, kufuneka sibekwe kwindawo epholileyo, kodwa hayi iqabaka, kuba ingcaciso. Ukuba oku akwenzeki, ngoko nje uma- iintsuku ezimbalwa kukuhambahamba nagwele ukuvuleka.

inkqubo ulwelo

Ukuzinza agaye igalelwe enamacala for ukudlalwa. Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa umbhobho, ukuze ekuphakamiseni ezike nagwele. itanki niyalazi igcwele iikota ezintathu. Umzekelo, itanki 12 izaliswe iilitha 9 yokuhlamba l. Emva koko wabeka i distiller ukuya ityhubhu, kunye nezixhobo asile obekwe kwi kwipleyiti, amanzi okupholisa inikezelwa kwaye bazaliswa kungena efrijini.

Linda de ubushushu liphuma ukuya kuma-80 ° C, ebezikuyo amanzi iqalisiwe. I amathontsi yokuqala ukuvela kubushushu ka 80-83 ° C.

Le mveliso iphambili kuyo nayiphi na imeko ukuba kusela. Xa moonshiners Kwamagama ubizwa ngokuba 'intloko'. Oku kusekelwe iityhefu okupheka (acetone kunye methanol). C 9 l ngumash eboniswe malunga 130 ml yokusithwa yokuqala, ekufuneka zilahlwe.

Okulandelayo, imveliso ithathwa ngenxa apho yonke inkqubo lwenziwa. Ibizwa ngokuba "intliziyo". Komculo kuqhubeka yonke imihla jet (lehla ukusuka izixhobo musa awele kwisikhongozeli ukuba asile utywala) akayi kuba sisalathisi-40%. Ukumisela inqanaba utywala kwi jet kungenziwa alcoholmeters kunye iselwa amancinci (25-100 ml).

Emva koko, ukukhethwa oyekayo. Le ngumash abaseleyo, Bard, utywala iqulethe kancinane, kodwa kukho inani elikhulu amafutha fusel. Ukuba ufuna ukuqhubeka ngokukhetha "nemisila" (niyalazi ngamandla ka-40%), emva koko utshintshe kwisikhongozeli nokuqhubeka inkqubo logama nje utywala akayi kuba irekhodi-20%. Akufuneki angqamane i "nemisila" yaye "intliziyo" abanalo. "Umsila" uyakwazi engekabili amagaqa ngenxa distillations ezilandelayo.

niyalazi Classic ngokuqhelekileyo iilitha 9 ahlambe banikwe neelitha 1.5 phisa amandla 58-62%.

Kubalulekile Yintoni ukuqwalasela?

• Xa inkqubo neyanamhlanje kufuneka bakuphephe ubushushu ahlambe ngasentla 96 ° C.
• Gcina isilumkiso xa usebenza nge gas. Niyalazi nge yingxonde lula phemba, sibangele umlilo.
• Emva kokuphela neyanamhlanje, kufuneka khubaza i element ubushushu, khon 'ukuze bafumane zitshiswe.
• Vumela iyunithi lokwehlisa umoya.
• Galela stillage inkunkuma.

Inkqubo zokuhlanjululwa

umbuzo Yintoni nangoku esibhekene abo baziinkosi le niyalazi? Kwabasaqalayo zokucoca, ngakumbi ngqo, imithetho yayo, kunye angaqhelekanga. Kweli nqaku, indlela ixhaphakileyo lokuhlanjululwa ngokusebenzisa carbon yasebenza ziza kuchazwa. Oku kusetyenziswa ezinde okanye yekhokhonathi. Uyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise ikhokhonathi wamalahle, ngenxa yokuba nakwamanye amazwe yaye iya kubonelela icocwe elungileyo.

Kuba zokuhlanjululwa asile wadlula ngamalahle. Le umgubo kukodwa ukundilahla ngotywala, njengoko iqala ukuvelisa aldehydes ngelixa.

Ukuhluza wabhenela ukusetyenziswa kwiglasi ezizodwa okanye umhlathi stainless, okanye hopper. Akuyi Kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise kwasuka yeplastiki okanye carbon izihluzi ukuba uhlobo umphanda, njengoko utywala baye kweplastiki.

redistillation

Ukuphucula Ubumandi leyo utywala zamabanga phantsi neyanamhlanje. Pre-exutywe ku-20 okanye 30%. Le nqubo wabe njengoko indlela odlulileyo. Le ngaphandle kuphela kukuba i "intloko" ngeli xesha kuthathwa ngamaxesha ezimbini ngaphantsi.

nokutyetyiswa

Le mveliso ngenxa na umgangatho ophezulu kwaye busetyenziswa ekutyeni. Ukuba oyifunayo, isiselo unikwa incasa ethile, umbala kunye ivumba.

1 ilitha yevodka amkelwe into enye. l. Ubusi qha kunye uyawathena-5, yaye wongezelela 4 g yetshipsi oki. Kufuneka kwelokuthi iiveki 3-4. Emva koko ukuhluza imixholo.

Uluchsheniya isiselo isongo kungenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Oku kunegalelo ezininzi zezityalo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ukwazi ukuba yinxalenye yesicelo ngokufanelekileyo.

Umzekelo, ukuba usebenzisa lwemostade, anise, caraway okanye fennel, kungcono ukuthatha imbewu. Ukuba uthatha pepper, cardamom kunye vanilla, ngoko wasebenzisa iziqhamo zabo. azosala Thandeka ukunika nesafron kunye cloves. Eyona elimnandi e izityalo ezifana oregano, ube ngowakhe kunye tarragon zizinto amagqabi. efanelekileyo kakhulu soko ixolo okanye emterebhintini. Ukuba usebenzisa horseradish, ijinja okanye galangal, uthabathe iingcambu zabo. Tshintsha ivumba kunye incasa okwaziyo kunye namandongomane. ukusetyenziswa apricot abaninzi.

Ukudambisa uyakwazi nomla- ngoko isiraphu. I elula eyayivutyelwa iswekile kunye namanzi ngokomlinganiselo we-1: 1. Efrijini ukunika sokufaka iiveki ezi-2. Kwakhona sebenzisa ukudlulisela ubumnandi nobusi.

Xa ukudibanisa isiraphu nokuVavanyelwa nobusi ngokuyimfuneko lashushu yeegesi eziveliswa lulo. Emva kokugqitywa ngendaleko igesi basele ilungele product.

Kwimeko efana niyalazi kwabasaqalayo, incwadi iresiphi iya kwamkeleka kakhulu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho iindlela ezininzi yokwenza ukuba saziwe esi utshwala. Niyalazi kwabasaqalayo fb2 ibonisa iinkcukacha ngokwaneleyo. Iifayile kunye fb2 zokwandisa iincwadi computer kwifomathi FictionBook. Kukho kwakhona incwadi kwabo kakuhle, niyalazi. Kuba Yokuqala zokupheka siyayiqonda nezifumaneka lula.

Indlela yokwenza ivodka aphume jam?

Indlela kahle niyalazi kwabasaqalayo? Out of the iresiphi jam ilula. Kwindawo yokuqala, kufuneka ibekwe Braga, nto leyo ke similise okwaloo neyanamhlanje abanalo.

Le yenza senziwa, njengoko umthetho, kwimeko muncu jam bank. Unga nokuba mix ezimbalwa kweentlobo zakhe. Into esemqoka ukuba mnandi kunokwenzeka.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi ukulungiselela le asele, kuquka singabi nagwele. Noko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba ukuvelisa niyalazi ngaphandle ukusetyenziswa kwazo. Ingakumbi, le ndlela ayikhuthazwa kwabasaqalayo. Jam sele iqalile ukubhadula, kwaye ukuthatha phezu inkqubo Ukubila asidi. Braga ziya kugxagxiseka, nomnikelo akusayi kusebenza.

Enye inkalo ebalulekileyo. Jam, ngokusekelwe apho uya kuyilungisa Utywala ekhaya-agaye kufuneka eyayivutyelwa neswekile kunokuba salo.

Indlela yokulungisa utywala ngaphandle kokuba jam ngaphandle iswekile?

Kwimeko efana niyalazi kwabasaqalayo, olinganise ibalulekile kakhulu. Ukuze alungiselele iresiphi sabantu ithathwa jam enegwele 6 L, 300 g Igwele kunye 30 L amanzi.

Le nkqubo iquka la manyathelo alandelayo:

• amanzi itshiswa zichithakala kulo jam;
• igwele bamoya wagalela ilitha 0.5 yamanzi ashushu yaye besekho de foam liqala ukuphakama;
• jam amanzi lupholisiwe ukuya kwiqondo lobushushu 40 ⁰ C, kunye noko eliphalala ngenxa intlama igwele;
• yonke ngocoselelo ephikisanayo kunye zivalwe igozi;
• isikhongozeli abekwe utywala kwindawo kunye usonga ikhaya ebusika;
• ibile kufuneka ithathe indawo iintsuku ezi-5;
• yenza into ayahluzwa, yahluzwa.

Indlela ukupheka niyalazi liphuma jam neswekile?

Yintoni iresiphi nga kucetyiswa abo ukubazi niyalazi? Kwabasaqalayo niyalazi iresipi iswekile kunye elula. Baya kuza bevela izithako efanayo iresiphi odlulileyo, yongeza nje-3 kg yeswekile.

Inkqubo yokupheka kuquka la manyathelo alandelayo:

• Amanzi itshiswa, kwaye iswekile ichithwe kuyo.
• jam Added, bonke ixutywe.
• Igwele bamoya wagalela ilitha 0.5 yamanzi ashushu yaye ufakwa ukuba kuvuselele amagwebu.
• isisombululo Sweet lupholisiwe ukuya ku-40 ⁰ C. It obegalelwe intlama nagwele.
• Zonke ngokucokisekileyo ugalelwe, kwaye isikhongozeli zivalwe igozi.
• Umthamo isongwe wayifaka kwindawo efudumeleyo. Inkqubo ibile ithatha indawo iintsuku ezili-10.
• Ibile kufuneka esweni, njengoko kungabangela ngaphambili kunye Braga zakisnet. inkqubo neyanamhlanje yaqala ngalo mzuzu xa Braga unenxaxheba incasa ekrakra.
• Braga phantsi ukuhluza kunye ulwelo.

Yintoni abantu basoloko abanomdla ekufundeni, niyalazi kwabasaqalayo: indlela iswekile niyalazi kufunyanwe imveliso? Nisele ekugqibeleni wakhululwa iilitha ezi-6.

Indlela yokwenza ijam ezisekelwe niyalazi singabi nagwele?

Le ndlela iquka indawo beer nagwele.

Kufuneka athathe:

• jam ezimuncu - iilitha ezi-6;
• sugar - 1.2 kg;
• ibhiya - 1.2 l;
• amanzi abilayo - 27 iilitha.

Le nqanawa ibile izaliswe jam. Igcwele iswekile granulated, yaye wongezelela wagalela utywala ayivalele amanzi ostuzhennoy ukuya 40 ⁰ C.

Intamo isikhongozeli zivalwe igozi. Umthamo isongwe wayifaka kwindawo efudumeleyo iintsuku ezili-10. Emva kokuphela ethululwayo yokubola ngumash ecociweyo kunye iziqholo kwi niyalazi. Le mveliso neelitha-8 yesiselo.

liphawule

Kuba bonke ezintathu iindlela zokwenza niyalazi ngokwesiseko jam akuthethi ukuba uthathe iilitha ezi-6 jam. Ungathatha kangangoko efunekayo wena okanye kangakanani na, izithako aseleyo zancitshiswa okanye naqhama olinganise efanelekileyo.

moonshiners Tips banamava

Ukuze niyalazi ukuba uqale ukuthatha indawo ngaphandle iimpazamo, kuyimfuneko ukubambelela iqela lezindululo ezibalulekileyo ziingcali nakho:

• Ungaze shushu ngokugqithisileyo Braga. Ngaphandle yokuba ukuchitha, Ndiphe ndisele, uzibeka esichengeni ukuba isikhongozelo uya zisenokuqhushumba. Ngaphezu koko, ngamazinga aphezulu obushushu agaye zingaqalisa ukuba ukuphuphuma nge entanyeni. Ukunqanda le isiphumo lufakwa filter olongezelelweyo. Thabatha ingqayi ilitha ezintathu, nto leyo ephothiweyo cap metal. kusenziwa emingxunyeni kwangaphambili ezimbini ezincinane. Ukuba amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunokubangela ukutofelwa ngumash, ngoko iwela ebhankini, kunokuba ekulungiseleleni othululwayo.
• Isiseko se feedstock lithathwa kwimveliso esekelwe iswekile kunye starch esekelwe. A nomnikelo elungileyo ukuphuma yeelekese, iziqhamo, juice tomato, isonka, iertyisi. Kodwa njengempembelelo oyinto iswekile.
• Ukuze ubone ukufumaneka Braga ungazama. Ulungele kwimeko unalo incasa ekrakra. Ukuba limnandi, inkqubo ibile awukapheli.
• Negwele distillative hit the asile, le nto phambi inkqubo kufuneka kugalela iilitha 0.5 zobisi entsha kwaye dibanisa 2 amacephe ibhotolo.
• Inkunkuma evela ngumash phantsi neyanamhlanje, na ukusindiswa. Ukongeza amalungu amatsha ukuze ijike. Umgangatho yevodka usoloko ngaphezulu.
• Ukuba isiseko igwele amanzi anuka, kunye igubu umphunga namakhambi, asile oko, imveliso akayi kuba nevumba ethile elibukhali.

A lot of amacebiso aluncedo zifumaneka kwi www.zasamogon.ru site. Niyalazi kwabasaqalayo kulo mzekelo kuya kuba lula ngakumbi.