Ngubani unikela iingxelo zemali kumashishini amancinci. Iingxelo zemali ngamashishini amancinane

I ingxelo ingxelo wenkqubo yinxenye ebalulekileyo imisebenzi lweshishini mihla. Ngenxa yakhe, uyakwazi ukufumana umfanekiso opheleleyo yomsebenzi ezoqoqosho kunye nemali. It is a uhlobo UPawulos ngaphezu ethile kwisithuba - ngenyanga, ngekota okanye ngonyaka. Kodwa ngubani unikela iingxelo zemali amashishini amancinci? Ngenxa yokwanda lemibutho amashishini amancinane, kunokwenziwa isigqibo sokuba lo mbuzo anomdla inani elikhulu labantu.

ulwazi jikelele

Ngeli xesha, lo mthetho "Kwi Ingxelo Financial". Olu xwebhu icaciswe gca imithetho amashishini ezinkulu nezincinane. Ekuqaleni, makhe bachukumise phezu umbuzo ngubani ofanele ukunika iingxelo. Yokuhlala phantse nantoni na. Ngaphandle kule Ngumthetho oosomashishini kuphela ngamnye, iingcali ukuba baphumeze inkqubo zabucala, kunye neeyunithi noshowo ziinkampani amazwe. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iingxelo-mali kufuneka ukuba onke amaziko abathatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yezoqoqosho.

Kudlule amashishini amancinci?

Impendulo enika umthetho okhankanywe ngentla. Sinomdla kulo mhlathi lokuqala lwenqaku elinesine, apho kukho uluhlu onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko kumashishini amancinci. Nalu uluhlu:

1. iziphumo zemali.
2. balance sheet.
3. INGCACISWANA.
4. Isicelo. Apha inokuba liqulathe ulwazi olongeziweyo malunga utshintsho ekulinganeni kunye nakwezinye iimo ezalathayo. Izicelo kumatyala ukusetyenziswa amashishini amancinane, ngoko, xa amaxwebhu efanayo kungenzeka ingabonisi ngokupheleleyo umfanekiso mali sikuwo.

Kwiimeko namashishini amancinane kuthathwa ukuba ibe yamkelekile kwaye ukhetho lula xa irente kuphela ingxelo malunga iziphumo zemali kunye iphepha lomncono. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, njengokuba umthetho, ukupeyinta nje kuzo izinto eziphambili ngaphandle kabanzi. Iingxelo zemali ngamashishini amancinane ukuba irente kule yamfutshane lula yokwenza ushishino, ukuba umnini walo Babengaphazanyiswa zokuqokelelwa kolwazi kunye nokusebenza kwayo.

imilo

Accounting kunye ingxelo amashishini amancinci itshintsha rhoqo kwaye kuqaliswa zonke iindlela ezintsha. Ngoko ke, ngoku umbutho ngamnye unelungelo lokuba iifom ezifanelekileyo kakhulu amaxwebhu zaseprayimari. Emva kokuba ivunyiwe yi isigqeba, anikwe ubume ezisemthethweni. Le ezintsha kuphela kuchaphazela amaziko karhulumente. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba usebenzisa iifom eziyimfuneko ngurhulumente ukwenza izenzo ezithile. Ukongeza, umthetho ubungatshongo zidingo zaqina ngokubonakalayo ngenxa nezikali kwengxelo. Ngoko ke, nangoku ubanga intlangano ngokwayo, kodwa ngoku kufuneka ukhankanye iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo nkampani kunye namahlakani ayo. Ukuba sihlelwe ukuba iirejista ziya kugcinwa nge-elektroniki, kufuneka uthathe unonophelo lobukho usayino lwedijithali. Ngoko ke iifom zengxelo zemali kumashishini amancinci ngoku, njengokuba umthetho, musa zineengxaki.

iingxelo Ukufaka

Kwaye ngoku sifikile umxholo ongundoqo lexi. Ngubani unikela iingxelo zemali kumashishini amancinci njani? Ngokomthetho, lo msebenzi yabelwa accountant oyintloko. Ukuba lweshishini akukho ezinjalo, unako ukugqiba kwimvumelwano yokwenza inkonzo kunye ingcali iqela lesithathu, okanye nkqu ngokunikezela iinkonzo eziyimfuneko. Kunqweneleka ukuba abasebenzi ezinjalo ukuhlangabezana nezi mfuno zilandelayo:

1. Saba imfundo inkangeleko ephakamileyo.
2. amava abo umsebenzi elingekho ngaphantsi kweminyaka emithathu kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo. Loo imfuneko lufakwa phambili ngenxa yokuba le nkqubo esoloko itshintsha, yaye ezo zakhono kunye nolwazi ezithe zathengwa engamashumi amabini eyadlulayo, ngoku into esibalulekileyo kuthi.
3. Ukungabikho irekhodi mthetho singesuki kwinkalo yezoqoqosho.

Ukuba ufumana umntu elinazo zonke ezi mfuno ukuba imali encinane ukuba akwenzeki, ngoko umnini uthathe uxanduva ukulungiselela onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko kwaye ugcine iingxelo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umthetho omtsha sele lula kakhulu bookkeepers ubomi kunye nemizimba zophicotho. Ekuqaleni, kufuneka ukhankanye into yokuba ngoku kufuneka ukuba ukuthumela maxwebhu irhafu. Ukuba uya kuba isiphoso, akukho mfuneko yokuba kumjonga lingxamiseke zokuyilungisa. Kwakhona, kukho inani kujonge izinto malunga iirekhodi zolawulo ishishini, kodwa ukuba baqhelane nabo, kuya kuba luncedo ukufunda umthetho ngokwawo. Njengenxalenye yale nqaku liza kugxininisa kuphela eyona miba. Ngoko ke, singakwazi ukhankanye into yokuba iingxelo zemali amashishini amancinci badluliselwe amagunya irhafu kwezi zinto zimbini:

1. In ifomu ephepheni. Yindlela yesithethe ukunika ingcaciso evela lahlwe ngenxa ngenkxamleko ngokusebenzisa kunye neendleko ezinxulumene.
2. Le fom ngekhompyutha.

I ukuthumela phi data?

Ngoko ke ngubani unikela iingxelo zemali kumashishini amancinci, kakade. Ngoku makhe ukuchaza kangaka nje kule ngcaciso mayithunyelwe. Xa siqwalasela imeko iikopi zephepha, ngalinye zisayinwe yintloko xwebhu kufuneka athathe kuphela abasemagunyeni irhafu kodwa angawamasebe basekuhlaleni manani karhulumente. Asimele silibale ukuba omnye umzekelo yempahla kufuneka kweli shishini. Bonke kufuneka malusayinwe luze lubhalwe umhla (ngokufanayo kuwo onke amaxwebhu).

zokugcina

Ekuqaleni kweli xesha yabangela eninzi ixhala. Ngapha koko, oko kwakufuneka ukuba iingxelo-mali kumashishini amancinci ningayekeleli ixesha nyanga, kwikota kunye nonyaka. Ke inani amaxwebhu iye yehla kakhulu. Ngapha koko, akukho kuphela ukungeniswa olusisinyanzelo iingxelo zonyaka. Kulo kwakukho amanani ukusuka ekuqaleni kuka January ukuya ekupheleni kukaDisemba. Ngoku ke kufuneka ukuba unike ulwazi zingadlulanga iinyanga ezintathu emva kokuba ekuqaleni konyaka wekhalenda. Amashishini abaninzi namhlanje baye bashiya iziphumo zeethenda inyanga ethile okanye ngekota. Kuphela ngoku, olu lwazi yenziwe ukusetyenziswa lwangaphakathi (umzekelo, ukubonelela idatha abaseki, abatyali-mali kunye nokwandisa amathuba zakho zihambe kakuhle xa yeentengo zemboleko ekhutshwe ebhankini). Apha ngoku iingxelo-mali. Ukulinganisela kumashishini amancinci kusekho akucetyiswa ukuba ikhethwe, kodwa kuphela ukuze aqonde imeko yokwenene.

Uxanduva kumsebenzi wokusiwa

Ukuba uxwebhu zange okanye wathuma kunye ulibaziseko kwiofisi yerhafu, inkampani uhlawula isohlwayo ezingamakhulu amabini engange. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iseti zinokwahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeka ubunini lombutho. Ukususela kule inguqu kunye nemali fayini. Umntu onoxanduva ingxelo, nayo ifumana i-invoyisi xa imali engange amathathu anamakhulu ukuya kwamakhulu amahlanu. Kodwa ke abasemagunyeni irhafu ayikho ezimbi kulo mba, njengoko imizimba manani karhulumente. Ngenxa yoko, ngokomthetho, ukuba ulwazi olungekangeniswa kuye, le nkampani kulinde isohlwayo, imali leyo eya kuba ezintathu ukuya kumawaka amahlanu. Ngaphezu koko, abasebenzi imizimba manani karhulumente ukuze abuyele iingxelo kwi ugqityiwe. Kulo mzekelo, anikwe ezimbini zomsebenzi nge bug fixes.

Okukodwa

Makhe sithethe ngezinto ezinye iinkalo kumsebenzi accounting kwimibutho, amashishini amancinane. Kudla akunakusebenza ukuba zimali isimo sakhe kuba kufuneka abhaliswe kwi ngendlela emiselwe ngumthetho, irhafu kunye nokunye okuninzi. Kudla kakhulu-mali ixesha elininzi ungenzi nto. Kufunyenwe kule isisombululo esifanelekileyo - ukutshintshwa kwemisebenzi yayo ecaleni. Ukuze wenze oku, khangela ukuba umntu oqeqeshiweyo kunye meko ngusomashishini umntu okanye inkampani eyodwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iindleko kulo mzekelo lisezantsi kakhulu kwaye aluwudluli wemivuzo (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha sisiqingatha kuphela). Ngale ndlela, i-mali ifumana kanye ixesha elithile onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko esandleni, yenza amaxwebhu ayimfuneko kwaye idlule kwi amagunya karhulumente. Ngenxa yokuba umntu (inkampani) kule meko isebenza eziliqela (amashumi, amakhulu) kwiinkampani, ukuba unalo ithuba lokuba bafumane imali entle. Ngelo kuzuze xesha noshishino esifanayo amaziko, leyo abawusebenzisayo. Ngapha koko, amashishini amancinane ukuba asebenza phantsi kwesi sikimu, ukugcina izibalo ebonakalayo xa wonyaka njengoko imivuzo kunye irhafu uzihlawulelwa umsebenzi ngamnye. Kwakhona, kususwa eziliqela iindleko icala.

isiphelo

Ngoko ke ndicinge ukuba ngubani banikela iingxelo zemali kumashishini amancinci. Ukongeza, kunikwa ingqwalasela yahlawulwa iziphumo kunokwenzeka ezingalunganga kunye neenzuzo mthetho banamhlanje (xa kuthelekiswa ukuba yintoni), kunye nenkqubo yomthetho uthathwa nokwandisa imali. Kulo mzekelo, bekuya kuba enqwenelekayo ukugxininisa ukuba enoba zinkulu nokunqwenela ukuzimela ukusuka irhafu karhulumente, kholwa ndim, oku asiyondlela ilungileyo. Lo mthetho inika ezininzi ngeendlela - zombini ezivulekileyo kunye akagqubuthele - ngokunciphisa umthwalo. Ngoko ke, kukho ithuba lokuba basebenze kwizikim yorhafiso lula, xa ishishini uya yokunqunyulwa irhafu. Kwakhona unalo ithuba ngenxalenye yembuyekezo zerhafu ahlawulwe kwiimeko ezithile. iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu ngezi bokuqonda ziya kuba nako ukuya nommeli onamava.