Ingxelo zemali - kulawulo lweshishini isixhobo

Nawuphi Umrhwebi ngamnye, nawuphi na umbutho, nokuba inkampani, okanye UAB, ngokuqinisekileyo baya kujongana sexesha ezifana "kwiingxelo zemali". Ngaphezu koko, kuyimfuneko ukuba kukubonelela nayiphi na inkqubo yokubizwa kweerhafu, kwaye akukhathaliseki nokuba kukho inzuzo okanye hayi. Oko kuquka accounting yaye yintoni na ukuba? On amagama bangenamava akha uloyiko. Kodwa enyanisweni ngayo inkcazelo olulungisiweyo malunga ngemeko yemali yenkampani. Oku kuquka ulwazi malunga asethi sesindululo, ingeniso, ukulahleka kwishishini, kukho ityala. Amaxwebhu ezahlukileyo ethile ingxelo (nyanga, ikota, unyaka onesiqingatha, nonyaka). iingxelo Accounting ngokuyimfuneko ifumaneke amagunya karhulumente (kwiofisi yerhafu, Social Insurance, Pension Fund), ezinye yenkampani abasebenzi, abatyali-mali, batyalayo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ezizinzileyo zezoqoqosho izigqibo, nokumisela indlela yophuhliso inkampani, uhlalutyo ukusebenza imisebenzi yayo.

Kwiinkalo ezininzi iintlobo ezithile ingxelo ixhomekeke kuhlobo lweshishini, ukususela kwinkqubo yerhafu. Ngoko ke, iintlobo eziphambili standardised zezi zilandelayo: "Balance Sheet" kunye neminye wayo, "kwiiNkcazo zokuHamba kweMali", "malunga utshintsho equity" yaye "Inzuzo kunye akhawunti Loss". Ukongeza kula maxwebhu, kukho iqela elinye, ngokulinganayo ixesha elide, kunye enkulu. Nakuba kunjalo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba iifom ezinjalo ziyafuneka ukuze ngoosomashishini ngamnye kunye nemibutho abasebenza kwi inkqubo eqhelekileyo kweerhafu (OCHO). Kukho kwakhona uthotho iinkqubo ezikhethwayo, ezifana USN (inkqubo yerhafu lula), UAT (selskohoznalog ehlanganisiwe) okanye irhafu kwi kwingeniso singabalelwa mntwini (UTII). Kuba asaqalayo ezisebenzisa izibonelelo ezinjalo, iingxelo zemali ezifunekayo ukubonelela-arhente zikarhulumente eliphantsi kakhulu, oko kuphela amaxwebhu 2-3 kuphela ngexesha lokunika ingxelo. Noko iifom karhulumente lusekiwe. Kodwa ke ulawulo kwinkampani ethile kungafuna ezongezelelweyo ukulungiselela ingxelo sobalo ulawulo ngempumelelo ngakumbi lweshishini.

Akulungile ukuba oosomashishini abaninzi abanqwenela ukuba inkampani zabo singàphunyezwa, ukuba asindiswe kubulawa kunye nokunikezelwa kweengxelo. Makube lee oko. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, i-qumrhu linika iingxelo zemali zero.

ukuluma yabalawuli kunye ezimali yenkampani khangela zendalo kakhulu malunga umgcelele enkulu kwiofisi yerhafu okanye, umzekelo, kwi Pension Fund. Kufuneka alahlekelwe elininzi ixesha, amandla kunye luvo phambi kokuba ufumane idinga umhloli. Kakhulu lula ubomi iingxelo-mali ngekhompyutha. Phantse zonke iintlobo kuzo zonke izigqeba zikarhulumente zikwazi ukuthathwa kwi-Internet. Ukuze wenze oku kufuneka uthenge software ezizodwa okanye ukusebenzisa iinkonzo nomlomo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba xa uthumela amaxwebhu umsayino wedijithali afunekayo, yaye transmission data ngokwayo lwenziwa nge amajelo onxibelelwano ekhuselekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba lonke ulwazi oluthembekileyo phantsi iivoti.