Ichibi elijikelezayo likaLobnor kunye nesithandwa sakhe

Kwiplanethi yethu, kukho ezininzi iimfihlakalo ukuba izazinzulu ziphupha. Ibali leqanawa elijikelezayo ukusuka kwindawo ukuya endaweni ixesha elide libonakala lifana nefriythi, kodwa loo mijelo ikhona.

Imbali yelibi

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX, umhambi owaziwayo uNM Przheval'skii wahamba ngokufudukela kwi-Asia ephakathi. Uhambo lwakhe lokuqala ukuya kwiphondo lase-Ussuri lwaluyinto ekhangayo, eyayiqinisa umphandi omncinci. Izibhengezo kwiAsia eziMbindi zaziziinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kodwa inzululwazi yomelela zonke izilingo kwaye yaqhuba ukurekhodwa phantsi kwelanga elivuthayo kunye nasentlango yomlilo.

Uhambo olutsha luya kwindawo apho uLake Lobnor ikhona khona. Namhlanje ibhalwe emaphu kumzantsi osempuma weTarim (iKashgar) ithafa, e-China.

Iingxaki zohambo

Ilitye, okwangaloo nto bambalwa abantu abayayazi, yayibonakaliswe kwiimephu zamandulo kunye neendawo zakudala zee-geographer ukuya ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-7, kwaye ulwazi olutsha malunga nalo lwalukho. Olu hambo lwaluhamba kunye nesimo sengqondo esityhafisayo soburhulumente baseTshayina ukuya kwiRashiya. Ngobunzima obunzima, uPrzhevalsky wathola amaxwebhu efundweni olutsha, kodwa amagunya ahlala ebheka izenzo zakhe aze aphazamise naye.

Umlambo ococekileyo

Emva kokufikelela kuMlambo waseTarim, owaye wangena echibini elikhulu kodwa elingenanto, abahambi bayeka. Abahlali basekuhlaleni bamthiya igama elithi Kara-Buran, eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "i-Black Storm". Ngokuqhelekileyo kwimimoya eyomeleleyo, yayiza kuphuma kwimida yayo, ikhukula yonke indawo.

Empuma, umlambo wagijima ngaphantsi kwaze kwaba yilahleka kumbono. Umhambi wachaza ukujonga kwakhe ngale ndlela: "Ukushiya iKara-Buran, iTarim iyancipha ngobukhulu, kuba ichithwa yintlango ephakathi. Iyakuthabatha konke umswakama ngokuphefumula kwayo.

Umlambo uyafa, kodwa ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe kumkhosi wokugqibela uchithelwa ilitye elincinci, ngokwenene liye laba ngumgubo, oye wabizwa ngokuba nguLobnor. "

Ikhefu lifunyenwe

Injongo yohambo lwafezekiswa: i-echibi, elikhankanywe ngamaGeografi waseTshayina, lithengiswe iikhilomitha ezili-100. U-Przhevalsky wazama ukuwudlula ubude, kodwa akazange akwenze ngenxa yeengcongolo ezinqamlekileyo ezifihla malunga nomhlaba wonke.

Umthonyama wemihlaba wathi iminyaka engama-30 eyadlulayo i-Lake Lobnor yahluke ngobunzulu kunye nokungabikho kwamatye. Kodwa unyaka ngamnye wanda kwiingcongolo, kwaye amanzi, awakungekho ndawo eya kuyo, aphuma kumabhanki.

Izinto ezixabisekileyo zesayensi

Ukufunda ngokucophelela lonke ummandla wenzululwazi waqokelela iincwadi ezinkulu ezinokwenzululwazi. Kule ngxelo, umphandi ubonise ukuba i-lake ngokwayo inamanzi aphelileyo, kwaye kufuphi nommandla wonxweme unomsoco, njengoko uchitheka isaliti yomhlaba. Waqulunqa imephu epheleleyo, eyabangela indawo yeLake Lobnor kunye noMlambo iTarim.

Izinto eziba yinto ebonakalayo kwihlabathi elifundayo kwaye yaguqulelwa kwiilwimi ezahlukeneyo. Inkcazo yendawo yokumangalisa ibonakele kwimiphefumlo yabanye abaphandi, kubandakanywa umlimi waseJamani u-Richthofen.

Ulwahlulo lwezesayensi

Wenyuka ngoluvo lokuba umhambi waseRashiya waphoswa xa echaza iLake Lobnor. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokungabaza kwayo kwakuyimephu yamandulo apho i-reservoir yabonwa khona kwenye indawo, ngakumbi ngakumbi apho yafunyanwa ngu-nzu lulwazi. AmaJamani ayenamahloni ngamazwi kaPrzewalski ngamanzi amnandi, kuba ngaphambili kwakucatshulwa ukuba kufanelekile.

Usosayensi waseRussia wabonisa iimpazamo kwiimpawu zelizwe laseTshayina, ebhala ukungapheleli kwabo.

Kwaphela ixesha elide kukho iingxabano ezivuthayo malunga nokuba ngubani othe tye emva koko. Uhambo oluninzi lwamazwe angaphandle lwaluqokelelwa kwiindlela zohambo lukaPrzewalski zokumisela umntu ophumeleleyo. Umqhubi waseRussia, kunye nabancedisi bakhe, bahamba endleleni entsha eya echibini, elalibuhlungu.

Ubunzima beLake Lobnor

Umzuli we nzu lulwazi uKozlov waba ngumntu obeka ukuyeka zonke iingxabano. Ukuqwalasela imephu eyenziwe nguPrzewalski, wakhankanya ngokumisa umlambo empuma, apho abahlali bebizwa ngokuba yihlabathi, baze bafika kwisigqibo sokuba ngaphambili kwemephu yengingqi yeLobnor yahluke ngokupheleleyo.

I-Tarim, engekho emthonjeni wamanzi owakhe wanikela ubomi, yawela ekuhleni, eyachaphazela iLake Lobnor, yalala phambi kwamehlo ethu. Okumangalisa kukuba, ngokumisa kwayo, elinye inkunkuma yavuselelwa, eyona yindawo apho yayimelwe yizinzululwazi zaseTshayina. Kuye kwenzeka ukuba kwingxabano kwakungabikho abalahlekileyo, ngamnye wabaphandi babelungile ngendlela yabo.

Ikhefu Lobnor, eliye lafudukela kwiikhilomitha ezingama-30, liye laba yinto engavumelekanga yendalo, ihamba isuka kwenye indawo iya kwelinye ize ihambise umlambo owatshintshe ikhosi yayo.

Uphando luyaqhubeka

Ngo-2014, uphando olukhulu lwabaphandi baseTshayina lwabafileyo olulahlekileyo lwaqala, oluphindaphinda i- Aral Sea. Iindawo zokuhlala zentlupheko yasendulo zafunyanwa kwiindawo zaseLobnor. Kukholelwa ukuba uMgwaqo Omkhulu weSilikhi udlule ngaphaya kweebhanki.

Ichibi esilulazayo saseLobnor sinomdla onqwenela nje kuphela iingcali zeTshayina, kodwa kunye neengcali zenzululwazi ehlabathini lonke ezama ukuphazamisa imfihlelo yokushabalaliswa kobukumkani bukaLoulan, elalikufuphi kwendawo yamanzi kwaye yaba yimida. Kwaye masithembele ukuba uphando olutsha luya kukhanyisa imimangaliso emiphakathini.