Ngubani owavela umculo kutheni ibizwa?

Nokuba ngaphandle imfundo umculo phantse wonke umntu uyazi amagama kumanqaku zomculo. Ukususela ebuntwaneni, amagama aqhelekileyo zibonakala aqhelekileyo kwaye musa ukuba imibuzo emininzi kakhulu. descant Musical esikolweni okanye ukusekwa zomculo amagama inowuthi ayikho kwamathandabuzo.

Kodwa yonke into ilula kangaka? Ngaba amagama qaphela ukuba zitshintshile oko ikhankanya yabo yokuqala? Ke kaloku enyuka ngala "magama"?

Yintoni inqaku?

Ngokufundisisa amanqaku yemisebenzi, hayi zonke mvumi okanye umntu endaweni yokubutha azibuze ukuba ngubani weza kunye namanqaku kunye namagama abo. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo abantu baye bazama ukuba adlulisele ezithile amazwi isandi: ilizwi, ukuyinkala njalo-njalo.

Umculo ukususela kumaxesha amandulo yayigqalwa eyona zobugcisa. UPlato, sobulumko odumileyo, wayekholelwa ukuba umculo enika umphefumlo womntu kwamaphiko, oko kunika ngqondweni yokucinga yaye kuzisa abona bantu balungileyo.

Sele kumaxesha amandulo, abantu inxulumene ubomi babo umculo: umfazi, wendele imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, ngobunono ukucula ingoma elula. mibala Zolani kwaye inemibalabala kunceda bawe ngokukhawuleza abantwana ubuthongo.

Abantu abaninzi bayazi ukuba nayiphi na ingoma luqulathe amanqaku. Kodwa yintoni na inqaku? Ukususela itime Latin kubonisa inkampani okanye uphawu. Amanqaku umculo zisetyenziselwa imbonakaliso obucacileyo bokuba ithowuni ethile. Xa abalinganiswa ezongezelelweyo, ezifana ezihlabayo kunye iiflethi, nayiphi na isandi enokubangelwa phawu olongezelelweyo: ukuphakama, ubude kunye nesandi.

notation German

Amagama wokufika Russian-wayethetha kumanqaku ukusuka C B, bekhalisa eyahlukileyo kwezinye iilwimi. Kwelinye ngokwe ncwadi ixhaphakileyo baye bathunyelwa kwamanye 'amagama »: C, D, E, F, G, A no H. Le nkqubo inzalelwane eJamani, yaye ibizwa ngokuba N. C note

Kule nkqubo, isandi le notation zomculo aphezulu - Sharp - iziphelo ise. Hi xikombiso, ku C elibukhali - kaKishe njalo njalo. Le kuphela ngaphandle - inqaku C. Ukuze ubonise isandi yayo ephezulu usebenzisa iisimboli b. isandi Lower - ophela lowo. Ngaphandle ukuba akukho amanqaku. Bekar - lombhalo, iphepha umculo notation.

IsiNgesi notation

German incwadi notation kuqhelekile phantse onke amazwe aseYurophu. Ukuxolelwa - kuMbuso apho IsiNgesi State. Kukho kwakhona amanqaku ukubonisa oonobumba Latin, kodwa ukusuka A ukuya G. Ngoxa unobumba A kunxibelelana qaphela La. iisimboli olongezelelweyo: Bekar - incwadi efana Sharp - Sharp, Flat - flat.

Indawo amanqaku kwi kwiinowuthsi

Xa isifundo amanqaku negalelo kunokubonwa ukuba onke amanqaku khangela efanayo - mbhoxo emnyama okanye ezimhlophe ibekwe phezu okanye phakathi kwemigca. Eyahluke kuphela endaweni yabo nokumila isabelo eliphezulu. Kwaye phambi kokuba uyazi ukuba ngubani oweza kunye inowuthi, umele uqonde ukuba umahluko njani phakathi kwabo.

Okokuqala kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba onke amanqaku kwi kubasebenzi: abalawuli ezintlanu. Le ngxelo iya ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu. Notes abhalwe ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene. umgca nganye lihambisana inqaku elithile. Ukuba akukho mgca, umgca kunokuba ngesandla ukugqiba nokurekhodwa isandi phezulu okanye ezantsi.

Imilo kunye nombala we yamanqaku kudlule ixesha layo. Umzekelo, Le embhoxo evulekileyo ngaphandle imigca ezongezelelweyo - inqaku yonke, okuhlala akhawunti ezine ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba okweqanda unshaded add wand - uzolile - ukufumana inqaku isiqingatha ulingana akhawunti ezimbini. mbhoxo ezaliswe uzole - inqaku ngekota. Zichokozwe ukuzola indwe - inqaku wesibhozo, njalo-njalo.

Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ubhale amanqaku kwi kwiinowuthsi, mababulawe le treble isitshixo okanye bass. Zimisela ithoni yonke yomsebenzi.

Inkangeleko lokuqala umculo

Ngaphambi kokuba uzame ukufumana phandle indlela ukucacisa abantwana, kunye namaphetshana abeza, kufuneka ukuba uyazi, xa wabonakala kuqala. Ngendlela eqhelekileyo ukususela C B, abebalwa kuphela kumaXesha Aphakathi, kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinanye. Kodwa ke oku akuthethi ukuba ngaphambi kweli xesha kwakungekho umculo.

Phambi kokuvela nefom zokurekhodisha umculo izandi tonalities ezahlukeneyo achazwa oonobumba be-alfabhethi: isiGrike okanye isiLatin. Kodwa le fomu bekusoloko irekhodi nzima. Vumani bonke oonobumba ziye nzima, ukubhala inqaku ikwayala ezininzi-avakalisa nzima.

Kungekudala iikwayara ecaweni baqalisa ukusebenzisa ubhalo ezahlukeneyo: amagwegwe eentsika curls, okanye neumes. Ngenxa yoko, kunye nesakhiwo yabo yonke ezosulela nge iingoma: kuphakamisa okanye ukuthoba isandi. Kodwa le ndlela yokubhala kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba adlulisele umdlalo ngqo umculo. Kwaye khumbula, ngamnye iimvumi ndumiso ababanga ithuba.

Ezenzekayo linear notation

Neumes ayikwazanga ngokuchanileyo ukubonisa life iimpawu, ngoko waqalisa ukufuna ukuba indlela entsha yokudlulisela yokuphakama nezide amanqaku. Ukuba baqale neumes baqalisa ukuba incwadi leyo yayimisela ithoni. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba amanqaku zabo kwaba nzima kakhulu, kwaye maxa wambi ukuze baqonde ukuba yinto yingxaki.

Yaguqula lo notation wenza Guido Italian evela Haaretz. Salawo oonobumba enkulu kunye curlicues kumgca, leyo kamva fumene uhlobo abasebenzi umculo mihla. Kodwa kuqala ukuba imigca emibini kuphela, ngoko ke inani lanyuka ukuya kwisine. Ke Guido wafundisa iimvumi notation somculo: neumes zaye zabhalwa kwimigca okanye phakathi kwabo. Ngoko ke, ebudeni inkonzo nganye uyazi ukuba uthotho kuyimfuneko ukwenza umculo ethile.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, neumes ntofontofo zatshintshwa kunoogxa isikwere, yaye kuphela emva kweminyaka emininzi, baye baba ovali iimilo ezahlukeneyo.

Gvido Aretinsky: umntu wanika amagama yamanqaku

Kanti ke, enyuka kunye namanqaku yaye igama labo mihla? Ngo-991 okanye 992 AD, wazalwa Gvido Aretinsky. Ndandikhula, waba enye ingcali yale umculo, kamva waba ngomnye amanani ibalulekileyo zamaXesha Aphakathi.

Amagama Qaphela yasungulwa kanye Guido. Italian waboleka kubo yokubonga wamandulo kuYohane St. umbhaptizi. Culani yabhalwa Latin.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba iculo unemiqolo ezisixhenxe izandi ezilandelayo ngamnye ilizwi ngaphezu ngezolo. iisilabhili yokuqala iisilabhili ezintandathu zokuqala zilandelayo: Ut, Re, Mi, Fa, uSol La. Nangona amagama umculo luveliswe Italian Arezzo, kodwa hayi walitshintsha ukuba kuhlalwe ukubiza Ut ukuva emnandi ngakumbi umkhuba wona. Mbono apho kukho Do, a lot. Eyona uthandwayo wabo uthi ukuba yegama lokuqala igama Latin uDominus - Nkosi. Kodwa isiqinisekiso le nkcazelo ayifumaneki.

Inqaku wesixhenxe - C - wafumana igama layo kamva. Kolulodwa wabumba oonobumba bokuqala lwamagama kumgca lesixhenxe: Saint John - Si.

Bika lo mbono

Baninzi abo bafuna ukufumana ulwazi malunga owasungula amanqaku azikho ngokupheleleyo kwimithombo ethembekileyo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umsebenzi aphezulu social networks kuye eyenziwe amakhulu amawaka amaqela, zabavakalisa mihla izibakala umdla kwimbali.

Ngokomzekelo, ezinye iimpapasho bephendula umbuzo owasungula amagama kumanqaku. Kwaye nangona umbhali iirekhodi ezinjalo ingakhankanywanga, iqela Administrators babanga ukuba amagama phawula oluvela kwigama lesiLatini leNkosi, lo mbandela, ummangaliso, inkqubo solar, ilanga, iMilky Way kunye amazulu.

Le mbono Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwababhalisele ukuze bakholwe ukuba iseti random amazwi amahle zinento yokwenza nokubhala zomculo. Nangona kunjalo, olu lwazi ngokwesiseko engalunganga: abo owavela umculo yayiyindlela Gvido Aretinsky.

Imbali umculo, loo elula ecacileyo, waba ukubhidisa kwaye kuquka inani lotshintsho. Amanani Umculo yeminyaka edlulileyo kwafuneka asebenze nzima ukuze anike amanqaku jonga ngoku aqhelekileyo kunye nesandi. Ukuze siqonde ukubaluleka kwale nkqubo, kufuneka ukwazi nalowo wamnika amagama amanqaku, yaye yintoni na emva amagama alula.