Ngubani na Lomonosov Mihail Vasilevich: biography kunye nemisebenzi

Kuphela inkanuko olungagungqiyo ulwazi uye wanceda unyana wakhe ukuba abe ngunozala kwimimandla umlimi lenzululwazi ezifana nenzululwazi yendalo, imichiza, ngeenkwenkwezi, isixhobo, ukuma, yokunyibilikisa isinyithi, yokuma, philology. Lomonosov - omnye weyona mizekelo iphawulekayo isikhundla esiphezulu ukusuka ezantsi kanye phezulu.

ebuntwaneni

Wazalwa Lomonosov Mihail Vasilevich 8 (19) ngoNovemba 1711 kwidolophana Mishaninskoy Kurostrovskoy kumarhamente, kwisithili Daugavpils, Arkhangelogorodskaya kwiphondo. Ngoku idolophu ithiywe emva kokuba sisazinzulu enkulu - lali Lomonosovo.

UYise - umlimi osisityebi Basil Dorofeyevich. Umama, Elena Ivanovna, washiya ihlabathi lethu, xa wayeneminyaka elithoba kuphela ubudala.

Intsapho owned iyelenqe enkulu kangangoko komhlaba. Le nzuzo ephambili livela ngokuloba. Lomonosovs usapho ababekolo matiloshe onamava. Kakade iminyaka elishumi kwaye Michael oselula inxaxheba amaphulo. Kunye nokuloba, lo mfana uyakuthanda ukufunda. I wamfundisa lo mzekelo lwenkohliso kunobhala ibandla lendawo. Ke inkwenkwe babhala ephepheni igama lakho elipheleleyo - Lomonosov Mihail Vasilevich. Biography of nzulu uthi umsebenzi utitshala wakhe ukubhala iileta, izicelo kunye nembalelwano ishishini.

Xa wayeneminyaka elishumi elinesithathu ubudala, uyise watshata okwesihlandlo sesithathu. Ndingumhlobo Umama kungekudala waya engalunganga. Kwaye emva konyaka, ubusika ngqwabalala, Lomonosov, ngokufutshane chaza leyo engobomi nzima kakhulu, ngokuthula indlu. Waba nethamsanqa - kwicala elifanelekileyo waya iinqwelo lokuloba, apho wazibandakanya kunye nzulu elizayo. Le nkwenkwe yaya koyisa eMoscow, apho okwangoku akukho mntu wayesazi ngubani Lomonosov.

esinzima

In tsarist Russia, ngaba imfundo ephakamileyo zifumaneka kuphela kwizixeko ezinkulu ezintathu. Kakade ke, ukuba eMoscow, eSt Petersburg naseKiev. UMikhail Lomonosov kukhethwa kuqala yeenketho thaca. indlela lakhe ulwazi wathabatha ixesha elingaphezu kweeveki ezintathu.

qala ukufunda

NgoJanuwari 1731 inkwenkwe ababhalise esikolweni ngempumelelo. Ootitshala ukuba ngubani Lomonosov umfundi ngakumbi okhutheleyo, yonke yam ngemvelo ilangazelela kweyobunzululwazi. Lonke ixesha lakhe spare achithe ukufunda iincwadi zethala leencwadi.

Izifundo yakhokhela umvuzo omncinci kakhulu, nto leyo uthenga ngaphandle isonka kunye kvas. Akukho kanye Lomonosov buhlungu phezu ebahleleyo ubuhlwempu bakhe, kodwa zange ndicinge ngemeko ukuyeka njani esikolweni abuyele kwilali yakhe, apho utata wakhe wayefuna ukuba atshate enye ubuhle bendawo.

-Nzulu ikusasa ngokucacileyo phambili ngaphezu noontanga bakhe. Ngoko ke, ngonyaka omnye akwazi ukutsiba iiklasi nje ezimbini okanye ezintathu. Hayi embi kahle Latin nangesiRoma.

Petersburg

Ngowe-1735, njengenxalenye abafundi nempumelelo elinambini bafudukela kufunda St Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Ngubani na ke Lomonosov ngokobuqu bagubhe izikhanyiso yenzululwazi. Zonke iinkalo eziphambili ziye zanikezelwa kweli ziko lemfundo.

Genesis waba ngaphezu uNothozamile. Kodwa Academy ukhuphe iimpahla, yaye amagumbi banikwa nje.

Ntsasa nganye waqala isifundo lwesamente ukufunda isiJamani. Ukongeza ekubhaleni isihobe kunye philology lwabafundi wafunda izibalo, physics, chemistry, mineralogy.

umfundi abakhutheleyo kukhawuleza uyazi, yaye kungekudala kakhulu, akukho namnye ootitshala kwakungekho umbuzo malunga ngubani Lomonosov.

ixesha German yokuphila

Ngowe-1736 iqela labafundi, njengenxalenye leyo uMikhail Vasilievich, wathunyelwa ukuba bafunde eJamani.

Eyona njongo iphambili yayikukuqeqesha lemigodi ukuba amaziko zokufundisa ngakumbi. Akakho wamangaliswa ukuba Lomonosov kwi qela.

Iminyaka emihlanu elandelayo ubomi ISAZINZULU ebibanjelwe eJamani eyase-Netherlands. Isiphumo sale thuba ulwazi olunzulu physics, chemistry, imigodi. Nkqu ubomi ematyaleni nendlala zange alidanisi uMikhail Vasilyevich abaye bakhetha kwicala elifanelekileyo.

domesticity

Ngowe-1739, emva kokuba ingxabano kunye notitshala, Lomonosov, engobomi linikwa kwi nqaku, eshiya uqeqesho kunye uzama ukuba abuyele eRashiya. Ngoko ke akwenzeki. Iyithathela intombi ibhinqa le indlu ayiqeshileyo indlu, - Elizavete Tsilh. Kulo nyaka, isibini abatsha a intombi. Ngelishwa, le ntombazana baphila ixesha elifutshane, wafa ngo-1743.

NgoDisemba 1741 inkwenkwe ezelwe, Ivan. Kodwa musani nomse- iinyanga ezimbini, wafa umntwana. NgoFebruwari, intombi Elena wazalwa ngo-1749.

Buyela ku Russia

NgoJuni 1741, Lomonosov wabuyela emzini wakhe kunye Academy of Sciences ngentsebenziswano ne uProf I. Amman waqalisa ukuqokelela izimbiwa kunye iifosili. It luyakhula njengoko yimbongi. Kuguqulelwa inqaku evela kwimagazini yaseJamani. Uqala ukuba baqhube imifuniselo njengoko umsunguli. Kungekudala ufumana ithuba lokufundisa yaye bathathe inxaxheba kwiintlanganiso zeNdibano Academic. Kungekudala ihlabathi babona idizeteyishini yokuqala physics kunye chemistry.

NgoJuni 1745 uMikhail waba uprofesa chemistry le St. Petersburg Academy. Kwi incwadi yeenlilo yakho nzulu waqalisa ekuxhobiseni ilebhu imichiza, eyathi yagqitywa kwiminyaka emibini kamva.

Ngo-1748, iSebe Imbali iSebe wavula apho Lomonosov ethatha inxaxheba.

Kulo nyaka uMikhail waba intatheli. Imisebenzi yaqala oonobumba amazwe angaphandle kweli phephandaba "St Petersburg iGazethi".

imisebenzi olunye

Emva kokuba rapprochement kunye yintandane uKumkanikazi, Ivan Shuvalov, Lomonosov yaba ithuba ukukhuthaza izimvo zabo kwelona nqanaba liphezulu.

Ngenxa yoko, phantsi kwempembelelo yakhe, ngowe-1755 wavula University eMoscow sample uqeqesho angaphandle.

Sele 1756, Lomonosov laqalisa kumzabalazo akhutheleyo imfundo kwizikolo eziziisekondari iiyunivesithi, nabantwana eklasini asezantsi. Inxalenye ephumelela.

Ngowe-1758 waba yintloko yesebe lwesifundo. Yavelisa umsebenzi elikhulu ekudalweni sabheka Russian.

Ngowe-1763 uCatherine II wenza nzulu kwi lebhunga likarhulumente.

Kulo nyaka mnye wafumana isihloko lilungu Akhademi of Arts ngenxa yomsebenzi wakhe ebhanyabhanya.

memory

Ngowe-1765, uMikhail nezibi. Ngelishwa, yena akakwazanga ukufumana kwakhona. -Nzulu enkulu ayizange 4 (15) Apreli 1765. Ke wangcwatywa various kumangcwaba eSt Petersburg.

Lomonosov - sisazinzulu ekhethekileyo owakwaziyo ukuba bazibonakalise phantse onke amasebe lenzululwazi: physics, chemistry, uncwadi kunye neelwimi. Ukongeza, ihlabathi, akubona into eninzi iintlondi zakhe. Nguye ngomnye abambalwa owakwaziyo ukuchaza imfihlelo iglasi ukupeyinta ngombala obomvu. Umsebenzi wakhe mosaic ixesha elide umxhelo iingqondo bexesha lakhe. Lo msebenzi a elide kakhulu, nzima yaye kukhathaza. Ndasebenzisa ezahlukeneyo izixhobo ezisebenzisa ababezenzele yona. An umlweli engumlawuli nxamnye sikweni. Le Isazinzulu-ingcali ngubani wayebalasele ukugxeka nje kuphela, kodwa ufanelwe yesindululo endaweni hypothesis engahluthisiyo kuye. Sebenza kwicandelo lezemigodi yokunyibilikisa isinyithi kwaye babe ziingcali abanomdla unanamhla. Ngokubanzi, Mihail Vasilevich Lomonosov yaba ubuntu obalaseleyo.

Ukukhankanywa kwakhe iya kudluliselwa ukusuka kwisizukulwana ngesizukulwana.