Neglaucoma - ntoni na? Iimpawu kunye iimpawu glaucoma. Treatment of operation

Ukunyanga iglaucoma agalelwa akuthethi kuthi oluthile isifo iliso, loo nto elithi eziliqela zizifo zingonakalisa luvo optic. luvo Umthambo - inkqubo ukuba iinkonzo ingcaciso engqondweni. Ngokuqhelekileyo (kodwa hayi njalo) neglaucoma sisiphumo koxinzelelo oluphezulu engaqhelekanga ngaphakathi iliso. Ukuba isifo glaucoma eshiyekileyo ifunyanwa ngexesha, kukho bonke ithuba ukukhusela ulahleko lwe mbono. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu inokuyichaphazela luvo optic, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba ukulahleka kwenxalenye umbono okanye ukungaboni.

Glaucoma. Yintoni na?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, glaucoma ezinxulumene ne ngaphezu xi oqhelekileyo ngaphakathi iliso. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba wegazi ocular. Kodwa oko kunokuthi kwenzeke naxa xi intraocular yinto eqhelekileyo. Xa engekho unyango ezilawulwa ukunyanga iglaucoma agalelwa kubangela ekuqaleni ilahleko kombono peripheral, uze ke ikhokelela imiphumo vuhlayiseki.

oonobangela

Izifo ikhuthaza olwenzeka rhoqo ziselubala fluid ocular. Ugcwalisa phambi iliso, kwaye ke aqukuqela sicatshulwa ukuya inwebu kunye iris. Ukuba ezi amajelo uthintelwe okanye ngokuyinxenye zivalwe bile, uxinzelelo zendalo ukuze nande. Ukunyanga iglaucoma agalelwa kwenzeka ngenxa yoxinzelelo ephakamileyo intraocular. Emva koko, i-luvo optic yonakele, kwaye ukuba esi sifo kuya eliphambili, umbono angaqala maxongo.

Ziziphi izinto eziphembelela okuvela sifo?

Yintoni kanye kuthintela sicatshulwa fluid kwaye ukuba xi ngqo ayaziwa, kodwa oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zinto zilandelayo badlala indima:

- Eye amathontsi ukuba ukwandisa abafundi kunye instillation;

- amehlo yamanzi lock;

- amanye amachiza, umzekelo ezifana corticosteroids;

- kunciphise kwemali kwi-luvo optic;

- uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi.

Iintlobo glaucoma ngokwimiselo ingenzeka

glaucoma Primary liphawulwa ziinkqubo yayintsholongwane eyosulela esivulekayo CCP, inkqubo yokukhupha amanzi ye esweni okanye luvo optic kwaye isenzeko sangaphambili zesi sifo, musa ukuba self-determination. Zimele kumanqanaba okuqala Pathogenesis of glaucoma.

Kwesiphumo siphu- esi sifo glaucoma. Kuthetha ukuthini? Isibakala sokuba kokuvela esi sifo kunokwenzeka emva yokwenzakala iliso, nangezilonda okanye unyango ixesha elide iziyobisi ezithile. Olu hlobo sifo kuthiwa glaucoma eziziisekondari.

Eyona eziphambili ze glaucoma

1. kuvula (chronic).

Olu hlobo lwesifo akukho zimpawu okanye iimpawu ngaphandle ngokuthe ngcembe ilahleko umbono. Kwaye kusenokuba kancinci kangangokuba umbono uya kubandezeleka umonakalo noqhekeko phambi kokuba nayiphi na ezinye iimpawu ziyacaca. Le yenye yeyona ixhaphakileyo glaucoma iintlobo. Xa uxinzelelo intraocular luhlala phezulu, kukho umbono itonela, apho umntu ukubona kuphela izinto ngqo endle phambi iliso. Ukuba akukho mbono elungileyo unyango kulahleka.

2. Ukuvalwa glaucoma.

Ukuba flow ukufuma ukuvimbile ngesiquphe, zokwanda ngokukhawuleza kolwelo kungabangela ukwanda kakhulu, ibuhlungu yaye ngokukhawuleza koxinzelelo. Livela iimpawu olu hlobo imeko kaxakeka; Kulo mzekelo kufuneka ngoko nangoko udibane nogqirha. Ezi mpawu ziquka: intlungu, isicaphucaphu, ukungaboni.

Engile-ukuvalwa neglaucoma luphawulwa iimpawu ngesiquphe ezifana iintlungu amehlo, intloko ebuhlungu, zinesangqa ngeenxa izibane, abafundi inimba, ukungabi umbono, anozizi emehlweni. uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo kuyimfuneko ngenxa yokuba uhlaselo sifo kufuneka ikhatshwe spurts embalwa, umzekelo, okokuqala unokuthatha iiyure eziliqela, ngoko hamba emva kuba "unjikelo" olandelayo. Zinokuhlala ngokuqhubekayo. Ukuba ngaba uzama soyisa sifo, ahlasele nganye kunokubangela ukwanda ilahleko umbono.

3. glaucoma naso.

yesifo azalwa lubonakala ziziphene phezu kwephundu iliso, nto leyo ukucola okanye eyeka kutsalwe eqhelekileyo ukufuma. Olu hlobo sifo kakhulu njengelifa. Iimpawu ziquka: abafundi lisibekele, ukukrazula, uvakalelo ukukhanya.

4. glaucoma Secondary.

Olu hlobo esinokubakho kwicala isiphumo ukwenzakala okanye izifo ezifana cataract, ithumba ocular. Ngaphantsi glaucoma secondary kwenzeka emva kokuba uthathe i-ARVs, corticosteroids kunye nemisebenzi.

5. glaucoma Pigmentary.

Olu luhlobo inqabile kakhulu ezinokubangelwa yi ukuvaleka kwinkqubo kutsalwe esweni. Lubonakala sombala yokukhukuliswa liphuma iris kunye ngokutsha yayo eludongeni Icipande esweni.

glaucoma Uxilongo

isifo ocular uzimisele ngokusebenzisa uvavanyo iyonke iliso ebandakanya oku kulandelayo:

1. Visual umbono acuity uvavanyo. Amanyathelo igrafu njani kakuhle ubona ngokwemigama ezahlukeneyo.

2. Umlinganiselo neuropathy (ecaleni) efihliweyo kwimboniselo. Ukulahleka umbono yoluvo buchazwa zamehlo njengoko ukunyanga iglaucoma agalelwa iliso, iimpawu.

3. Inkqubo inimba. Emehlweni bamngcwaba amachaphaza esikhethekileyo komlomo abafundi. Emva koko zamehlo ebona retina kunye Umthambo-luvo iimpawu umonakalo kunye nezinye iingxaki zamehlo. Emva kolu vavanyo, umbono ukuze zihlale awucaci kangangeeyure eziliqela (xa uzama ukuqwalasela isihloko close-up).

4. Umlinganiselo xi intraocular ukuze silubone ezinxaxhileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha wamehlo lungasetyenziswa kule nkqubo.

5. Umlinganiselo olulingana kwenwebu. Le nkqubo ibizwa pachymeter. Le zamehlo isebenzisa amathontsi ezikhethekileyo ukuba ndindisholo iliso, uze kusebenza i iliza cuke ukufumana i parameters efunekayo le inwebu.

unyango glaucoma

Ngelishwa, ezilahlekileyo ngenxa yokugula, umbono ukuze ndibuyiselwe 100%. Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba diagnosis kubaluleke kangaka kunye nothintelo. Iindlela zonyango: isiyobisi, laser trabeculoplasty, utyando eqhelekileyo okanye indibanisela ndlela ngasentla. Ezi nkqubo akukho ilikhubalo lokunyanga kwakhona ngokupheleleyo lwembono, kodwa unako ukugcina inqanaba obukhoyo ngexesha lokwaluka zonyango.

ayini

Imithi. Amalungiselelo ngokwemo wamehlo okanye iipilisi zezona ndlela ixhaphakileyo ekuqaleni kwethuba imithi. Ukuthatha amayeza rhoqo emiselweyo gqirha, iliso lehla ukusuka ukunyanga iglaucoma agalelwa, unga nciphisa ngokubaluleka uxinzelelo intraocular. Isiphumo sale kunyango ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa ukufuma kunye nokunceda nencindi ulwelo ocular.

Phambi kokuba uqale unyango, kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho malunga nokuthatha amanye amayeza okanye izongezo, ukuba likholo kum, ngenxa yokuba ezinye imidibaniso yeziyobisi ezahlukeneyo awavumelekanga.

amathontsi ezibekwa ukunyanga iglaucoma agalelwa okanye iipilisi kufuneka zithathwe rhoqo, kuphela Kule meko kungenzeka ukuba afumane nemiphumo emihle, nangona ukuze nezonto. Umzekelo, amathontsi zingabangela evuthayo kunye anozizi kwamehlo, kwanokuba oku akukenzeki kuwe ngaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenzeka iziganeko ezibi kufuneka kuxelwe zamehlo, njengokuba utshintsho elibukhali ukususela amayeza enye ukuya kwenye imithi maxa wambi engenakwenzeka. Ukuthintela iimpawu ezingemnandi ugqirha wakho ukutshintsha idosi okanye uhlobo unyango.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, kaninzi glaucoma isifo nazimpawu, kwaye abanye abantu basenokufuna ukuba ziyeke ukuthatha okanye Unokulibala ukuthatha iyeza ngexesha elimisiweyo. Njalo, kubaluleke kakhulu, unyango kufuneka wenziwe lo gama uxinzelelo kwi iliso akayi kubuyela esiqhelweni.

Laser trabeculoplasty. Le ndlela unyango iboniswe sokuphucula kutsalwe le uburharha zolwelo. Ugqirha inganikeza ukwenza eli nyathelo ngalo naliphi na ixesha xa zidityaniswe ne ukungenisa iziyobisi.

Laser trabeculoplasty lwenziwa kwi-ofisi kwikliniki lwamehlo, ngaphambi kokuqalisa imisebenzi isicelo ngamathontsi ukuba ndindisholo iliso. Ukusebenzisa okhethekileyo lens ugqirha ukukhanya okukhulu umqadi udlula ngemehlo. Ngelo xesha xa umqadi ukukhanya kubonakala kwi retina iliso, ungabona flash ukukhanya eluhlaza okanye ebomvu. laser uye ukutsha eziliqela ngokulinganayo wesikolo bebekwe ngokwahlukeneyo omnye ezinceda uwutshise kulwelo.

Njengayo nayiphi utyando, laser utyando kunokubangela iziphumo ezingalindelekanga, ezifana nangokurhala, ngoko mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho uya kukunika iliso lehla ukusuka ukunyanga iglaucoma agalelwa ukuze kuphele iintlungu okanye ukudumba intraocular. In ukuya zamehlo yeendwendwelo embalwa ezayo iya kuhlolwa ukulawula uxinzelelo iliso kunye nemeko ngokubanzi iliso.

unyango ngalinye Iliso oluqhutywa ngokulandelelana kwiimeko apho amehlo omabini bandlala glaucoma. Oko kwenza ukuba umguli? unyango laser ngeso nganye zibanjwa ngeentsuku ezahlukeneyo, kunye iintsuku eziliqela ukuya kwiiveki eziliqela, ngaloo ndlela kusandiswa ukusebenza konyango.

Uphando lubonisa ukuba laser utyando - indlela elungileyo ukuba unyango, Noko ke, nkqu emva kotyando, ezinye izigulane ukuba zimbi umbono. Kulo mzekelo, ugqirha wakho uya eyabelwe unyango ezahlukeneyo.

Surgery. Le ndlela kunceda ukwenza imingxuma ezongezelelweyo nencindi amanzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo imisebenzi enjalo babhenele emva unyango ngamachiza kunye kunyango laser uqhaqho, ukuba akakhange ayiphelise glaucoma. Izimvo yale ndlela zonyango zahlukene, kodwa umsebenzi kunceda ukuze kufikelelwe isiphumo ofunekayo, uninzi lwezigulane.

Utyando ibizwa trabeculectomy kwaye lwenziwa qho kwesibhedlele. Emva kokuba kuqaliswe nadlamkisayo ugqirha owenza izitofu kufutshane iliso ukuba baphelelwe. Emva koko, ibalana encinane ulusu isusiwe yaye akhawunti entsha kwemali fluid ukusuka inxalenye Icipande iliso kwisithuba subconjunctival.

Kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kotyando, isicelo wamehlo neglaucoma ukukhonza ukuba ulwe usulelo kunye nokudumba.

Isiphumo ngempumelelo ukusebenza kunye nokuncitshiswa xi intraocular kuvandlakanywa 60-80% kwizigulane. Ukuba amehlo imithambo yokukhupha amanzi phezu kwexesha, lo msebenzi yesibini efunekayo. ukungenelela Surgical iphumelela ngakumbi xa kukho neglaucoma eziziiprayimari kwaye awufunyaniswanga olwenziwe utyando kwi iliso, ezifana cataract.

Ngamanye amaxesha emva kotyando, umbono ukuze kugxagxiseka kuthelekiswa kuyo oko phambi kokuba utyando. Phakathi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga waphawula: ukwenzeka seengxangxasi, iingxaki kunye inwebu, nangokurhala, usuleleko okanye uxinzelelo intraocular lisezantsi kakhulu. Le nkcazelo kufuneka kuxelwe ugqirha wakho ukuba liqulunqe isicwangciso sonyango.

Prevention of glaucoma

Eyona ndlela ibhetele yokuthintela Yiglaucoma - iimviwo ngonyaka yi zamehlo. Iimvavanyo ezilula kuqhutywa ngexesha iinkqubo, sikwazi ukubona iziphene iliso iqala.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukucutha ubungozi sifo? Abaphengululi British bafumanisa ukuba umthambo kakhulu emzimbeni zinika ukuhla ixesha elide kuxinzelelo perfusion ocular (OPP), leyo yenye ubungozi, isahlakalo angaphambili glaucoma. OPP - ixabiso yemathematika ebalwa xa yokulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye intraocular.

Iimvavanyo ezilula kuqhutywa ngexesha inkqubo, iliso uyakwazi ukubona iziphene phambi kokuba zenzeke glaucoma. Kuthetha ntoni oku impilo? Eyona ndlela ibhetele yokuthintela Yiglaucoma - iimviwo ngonyaka yi zamehlo.

Ingaba kukho unxulumano phakathi umzimba kokuvela esi sifo?

Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba i-nxaxheba ukufunda abo Sizibandakanye kumsebenzi ngokulinganisela ixesha elide, 25% ngaphantsi bangenwe OPP eliphantsi.

"Kubonakala ukuba OPP ubukhulu becala iphawulwa lilizwe kwinkqubo sentliziyo," - wathi isifundo umbhali uPawulos J. Foster, umqeshwa University College London Institute of Zeliso .. - "Asinako bagqabaze izizathu, kodwa, kakade, kukho unxibelelwano phakathi ukuphila umzimba kunye lweempembelelo kwandisa umngcipheko glaucoma."

UGqr Foster wagqiba ukuba kugcinwe yokuphila asebenzayo - indlela olusebenzayo kubantu abafuna ukunciphisa ingozi ukunyanga iglaucoma agalelwa nje kuphela, kodwa iindidi nezinye iingxaki zempilo. Le nkqubo luncedo nokuba umntu glaucoma naso.

Ukongeza umthambo rhoqo kwaye yokuphila asebenzayo, unako kwakhona ukunciphisa ingozi yokugula, ukuba unamathele iingcebiso ezilula: ungatshayi, ukugcina ubunzima esempilweni, kwaye ukufunxa kuphela iintlobo zokutya okunempilo.