Mythology: Jupiter. UZeus noJupiter - ngaba kukho nahluko?

Ukufunda iimbali zobukumkani baseRoma, kwakulula ukudideka phakathi kwamagama kunye nobuhlobo obusondeleyo boothixo abaninzi. Le meko yayiyinkimbinkimbi xa amaRoma, ewunqobile imimandla elandelayo, eyongezela kwiintlanga zawo, abantu ababethebileyo banqula. Oothixo abatsha babedla ngamagama amaRoma, kwaye kwaba nzima ukufumanisa ukuba ngubani wabo. Ngokomzekelo, oothixo bamaGrisi nabaseRoma baseZeus noJupiter bachongwa kwiimbali zamasiko, kodwa baneemvelaphi ezahlukileyo kunye nemimandla yempembelelo.

I-Pantheon yamaThixo eMbusweni wamaRoma

Imikhosi yamaRoma yabetha amazwe amaninzi, kuquka iGrisi. Kodwa ngokungafani nezinye iintlanga, amaGrike akwazi ukunqoba abahlaseli babo kwizinga lenkcubeko. Eyokuqala, inkolo yamaRoma yayixhomekeke kwimpembelelo yamaGrike.

Emva kwexesha, oothixo bamaGrisi bahlanganiswa kunye namaRoma kwaye baqanjwa kabusha. Ngaloo ndlela, uZeus uThunderer waba ngunkulunkulu ophakamileyo wamaRoma ogama linguJupiter.

Iimbali zamandulo zikhankanya ukuba ngokuphuhliswa kobuxoki bokuba lobuThixo, "imisebenzi" eyongezelelekileyo yayixelwe kuye. NjengamaGrike, amaRoma ayenomfazi kaJupiter, udade wakhe, unkulunkulukazi womama kunye nomtshato kaJuno (Hera). Ukususela kulo mtshato oothixo baseMars bazalwa (ubaba wabasunguli baseRoma basewele amaRomulus noRumus) kunye neVulcan (Hephaestus).

U-Jupiter wayenamadoda- unkulunkulu-u-Pluto (iHades), uNeptune (uPoseidon) kunye noodadekazikazikazi uCecera (uDemeter, wamzalela intombi yaseProserpin), iVesta (Hestia). Nangona bavela kwimvelaphi elinganayo, aba oothixo bangeniswa kwiJupiter. Kwaye kukho ubuninzi bezinye izithixo ezincinci ezifana neKamen (museum), ubabalo (i-harity), i-bacchante (maenad), i-faun nabanye.

UThixo ophakamileyo wamaGrike asendulo - uZeus

Kwimbali yamaGrike, unkulunkulu ophakamileyo nguZeus the Thunderer. Uyise wayenamandla eTitos Kronos kunye nodadewabo uRay. UTitan wayesaba ukuba enye yenzalo yayiza kumkhwelisa etroneni. Ngoko ke, ngokukhawuleza uRhea wazala umntwana wakhe - wayigwinya. Nangona kunjalo, unyana wakhe wesithathu , uZeus, wasindiswa ngumama wakhe, kwaye xa ekhulile, wavukela uyise, wabasindisa abazalwana noodadewabo bamgwinya ngaphambili. Ukudibanisa namaKlops, amaHecatonhaire kunye namanye amaTitans, abantwana baseKronos banqothula uyise kunye nabalandeli bakhe, bathatha ihlabathi ngezandla zabo.

Ekuqaleni, uZeus wayezimisele ukulawula, kodwa abazalwana abadala uPosidon neHadesi, basindiswa nguye, banelungelo lokufumana amandla. Emva koko, ngoncedo lweqashiso, oodade abazalwana bahlula izigaba zempembelelo phakathi kwabo: UPoseidon wathola ulwandle nolwandle, iHayidesi - ihlabathi, kunye neZeus - izulu nomhlaba. Nangona oonyana bakaKronos babalingana, kodwa uZeus wayengabonwa njengoThixo ophezulu, nangona ngamanye amaxesha wayevukela kuye.

Nangona u-Zeus wayengamandla kunabo bonke oothixo, wayengekho owaziyo kwaye onamandla onke. Njengabantu, wayexhomekeke kwixesha elizayo, wayengumgcini walo kunye nomdlali, kodwa kungekhona inkosi. UZeus wayehlonishwa ngamaGrike njengowona unamandla kunabo bonke oothixo. Ngokuqhelekileyo wayebonakaliswa njengomntu oziqhenkcezayo, umsizi, indoda eneentloko. Isibaluleka esibalulekileyo salobu buqaqawuli, kwaye iimpawu - ukhozi kunye ne-oki.

Kukholelwa ukuba ngaphambili uZeus wayehlonishwa eIndiya phantsi kwegama likaDias, kwaye kamva "wayiboleka" ngamaGrike. Ekuqaleni uZeus wayebhekwa njengonkulunkulu wemozulu kunye neenkwenkwezi zasezulwini kwaye wayengenakho konke njengomntu. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuphuhliswa kwamathambo, waqala ukukhangela njengendoda, kwaye wayebhekiselele kwizinto eziqhelekileyo zobuntu, izenzo kunye nesizalo.

Inkolelo yamaRoma: Jupiter

Ukholo lookumkani boothixo nabantu baseRoma yakudala yeJupiter bekhona naphakathi kwamaLatin. Kukholelwa ukuba ekuqaleni kwakukho inkolo yeTriruscan unkulunkulu uTin. Kamva kwabizwa ngokuba yiJupiter. Ngelishwa, akukho phantse malunga nenkolo yakhe ebudeni bobukumkani baseRoma, kodwa kuyaziwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba lo thixo wayengenabazali. Ngokuphuhliswa kolawulo lobukhosi kunye nenkcubeko kunye neengcamango. I-Jupiter yaqala ukuchongwa ngeGrike yamaGrike, kwaye ngokufana nayo yadala udidi lozalo: uyise ungunkulunkulu wezolimo uSaturn, owawuphanga, kunye nonina - unkulunkulukazi wokuvunwa kwe-Opa.

Uluhlu lwemisebenzi yeJupiter lwalukhulu kakhulu kunalo lukaZeus. Akazange nje alawule imozulu kwaye wabusa zonke izidalwa ehlabathini, kodwa wayenguThixo weemfazwe, enikela ukunqoba. AmaRoma ayekholelwa ukuba "ayintanda" yeJupiter, ngoko alawula ukunqoba amazwe amaninzi. Ubuqhetseba bukaJupiter buye banda kakhulu eRoma, ietempileni zakhiwa kwaye zenziwa imihla ngemihla. Kwakhona ekuqaleni kwekwindla, yonke imikhosi emikhulu eyayinikezelwa kulobu bungu yaqhutywa.

Emva kokufika kobuKristu ebukumkanini baseRoma, ubuqhetseba bukaJupiter, njengabanye oothixo, lwapheliswa. Nangona kunjalo, ixesha elide, amaRoma ayemhlonela ngokumfihla lo buthixo.

Ngokuza kuthiwa "inkolo ethandwayo", xa ubuKristu beqala ukulungelelanisa iinkolelo nemikhuba yobuhedeni, uJupiter waqhagamshelana noEliya umprofeti.

Iintlukwano phakathi koothixo bamaRoma nabaseGrike

Ininzi ebolekwe kwiintetho zamaGrike zamaRoma. Jupiter, okwangoku, nangona echongwa nguZeus, wayehluke kuye.

Okokuqala, unguThixo onamandla kwaye onzulu. Ngoko, umzekelo, uZeus wayevame ukuthanda ukwenza imisebenzi yakhe, kwaye malunga neentetho zakhe eziqathayo phantse yonke into yamaGrike. U-Jupiter, nangona kunjalo, wayengathandanga ukuzonwabisa kunye nonkulunkulukazi omhle okanye umfazi, akazange anike ixesha elininzi. Kunoko, uJupiter wayeyithandwa yimfazwe. Kwimihlaba yempembelelo yobuthixo obuphezulu kwakuyimisebenzi yokuba amaGrike azalisekisa oothixo bemfazwe, Athena Pallas kunye neAres.

Ukuba amaGrike amaZewu alawula umbani neendudumo, ngoko amaRoma aseJupiter wayenguThixo wezinto zombini zasezulwini. Ukongeza, iJupiter yayithathwa njengothixo wokuvuna, ngokukodwa ukuxhasa abavelisi-mveliso.

I-Mythology: I-Jupiter kunye neVenus yizithixo ezithandekayo zamaRoma

Ukuba uJupiter wayengunkulunkulu othandekayo wamaRoma kunye nomphathi wabo oyintloko, uVenus ungunkulunkulukazi othandekayo.

Njengamaninzi amaninzi aseRoma, uVenus wayengowomntu wokuqala, kodwa into ebonakalayo yendalo - unkulunkulukazi wehlobo lokuza. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuthe ngcembe waba ngumsizi wothando kunye nothando. UVenus wayeyintombi yoBonke, ububhakabhaka. Kwimbali yamaGrike, u-Aphrodite wayeyintombi yonkulunkulu ophakamileyo uZeus kunye nonkulunkulukazi wemvula, u-Dione.

AmaRoma acinga uVenus unina ka-Eneya, inzala yakhe yayiseRoma. Uphuhliso olukhethekileyo lwenqulo lo mthikazi ozuzwe phantsi kukaGuy Julius Caesar, owathiwa ngu-thixokazi oyiseJulius.

Kwiminyaka emininzi idlulileyo ukususela ekukhulekeleni kwabankulunkulu baseRoma nabaseGrike. Namhlanje, ngenxa yeyona nkoliso, yinto ekhangayo kuphela yamademesi endulo kunye neenganekwane. Jupiter, Venus, Mars, Mercury, Saturn, Neptune, Uranus kunye nePluto ngoku zidibene neeplanethi zenkqubo yezilanga ezibizwa ngokuba zihloniphekile. Kwaye ngexesha elifanelekileyo bahlonishwa yiintlanga zonke njengezithixo ezinamandla.