Mishka Jap: engobomi, ubomi yakho. Wodumo Odessa Raider

Mishka Jap - inkokeli edume ezihangeni Odessa. Ngelo xesha, wayenze eninzi ingxolo e Odessa, yaye emva kokufa kwakhe malunga ndixelelwe oluninzi amabali, ziyinyaniso yaye hayi. Kodwa le ndoda ngokucacileyo waya kwimbali. Bakhe nomkakhe, Tsilya Averman, waziwa ngokuba bayo ubuhle, kodwa eli bali Asiyo ngaye, kodwa lowo kanye nako ukoyiswa Odessa kwelabafileyo.

Imvelaphi kunye nabantwana

Inkokeli elizayo masela Odessa kunye sabaphangi wazalwa ngo-Oktobha 30, 1891 e Odessa, xa intliziyo Moldavian. Kumaxwebhu sele ibhalwe kuMoses-Yakov Volfovich Vinnitsky. Uyise Jap-ogama Okunye Folf, waba amaziko umnini izvozopromyshlennogo, ngamanye amazwi, drayman. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe, uhlobo bekulula kakhulu, yaye wakuthanda ukusela, uze wenze linqindi ukulwa.

In Moyshe Vinnitskogo waba udade omdala, uJack, kunye nabazalwana ababini abancinane - Abraham, uThixo kaIsake. UDade Bears Jap ukubandezeleka isifo Graves ' waza wafa ngo-1923. Abazalwana babehlala Odessa, noIsake, mncinane kubo, ngowe-1973, wafudukela nentsapho yakhe eUnited States.

Bear wafumana imfundo yamabanga kwindlu yesikhungu, emva kokuphumelela iiklasi apho embalwa yokuqala. Times baba nzima, kwaye utata wayengonwabanga ukuba unyana wakhe ehleli, ngenxa yokuba izinto abanazo ekhaya kaninzi ingxabano yenzekile. Wayefuna unyana wakhe ukuba umncedisi wakhe, nokuqhubeka izvozopromyshlennoe uyise wakhe, ngoxa Ivelisa unina banqwenela ukuba wayekhonza * endlwini yesikhungo. Kodwa ke umfana ngokuphathelele oku iingcinga zabo nezimvo. Konke oku kwabonakala kuye buthuntu yaye ingabangeli, yena gravitated ukuya ubomi eliphezulu. Kwaye yena wayesazi ukuba ukuya ezindlwini opera, kunye oosisi entle ukufikelela kuphela abo imali kunye namandla. Kwaye ngoko ke wagqiba ukuba ayokuma ukufikelela konke oku kwaye babe uKumkani Odessa. Ezifotwe 2011, ifilim malunga Mishka Jap uthi ngembali yobomi iinkcukacha Odessa esisihange.

A kangako Moldavanka

usapho lwabo wayehlala Moldavanka, le dolophu ikufuphi uyezibuko simahla Odessa. Ngenxa yapasisa lokwaba yempahla mthethweni, nto leyo laba umthombo wengeniso iintsapho ezininzi, namadoda aziinkulu zezindlu Odessa. Kodwa eli shishini inokusebenza kuphela eyakho. Moldavian elikhethekileyo ngohlobo lwazo, ngenxa yokuba phantse bonke abemi balo baba ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi enxulumene ukuthutyeleziswa. Xa livelise uhlobo yalo mthetho, wahlukile kule ndawo. Ezi abaphangi babesebenza kwisekethe okhethekileyo, ukwenza emanani kunye nabanini zokulala, oonovenkile kunye cabbies. Kuhlasela, ukuphanga kunye nokuthengisa imveliso ye wobugcisa ziintsimbi, nabo kakhulu nethamsanqa, ngoko wakwazi ukufumana izityebi uqale ishishini labo.

Nkqu kids Moldavian waba imidlalo zabo, apho bema ukuba masela wengcibi ukuwela iimpahla, abaphangi ukwaphulwa rob evenkileni. Bonke waphupha yokusindisa nobuhlwempu, nabantu abo benza oko izithixo zabo. Malunga ubomi kwaye Bears Jap, kodwa ngaphezu koko ke esatsho eliselula, safunda ngenyameko nezigcaliselo abathengisi beziyobisi, abaphangi kunye nabanye abalinganiswa yale nkqubo. Xa intloko yakhe bazalwa, iingcinga ezintsha izimvo malunga nendlela yokuqhuba "ishishini". Ngenye imini wagqiba ekubeni athabathe ithuba ...

Ukuqala kwezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho

Ngo-Agasti 1907 inkokeli elizayo ezihangeni Odessa, ngelo xesha wayengekho iminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu, wathabatha inxaxheba ngokuphanga ivenkile yomgubo. Yonke into yahamba kakuhle, ngoko ngo-Oktobha 29, waphinda kugqogqa, eli xesha indlu esisityebi. Ke bambamba nangoko. Disemba 6 ngexesha alingenele yamahenyukazi wabanjwa Mishka Jap. Biography wesihlangu ngakumbi isixelela wenkundla kwaye yamgweba iminyaka eli-12 entolongweni.

Entolongweni Bear waqhubeka intloko yakhe wababonisa yonke ubuchule bakhe, ngokuqulunqa icebo wengcibi ngawo wakwazi ukuba ikhululwe ngaphambi kwishedyuli. Wakwazi igeza ezinye ubuqhetseba kunye namaxwebhu, benikana amagama kunye inkwenkwe ilali mnye, lowo wathabatha phantsi kwephiko lakhe. Emva kwexesha elithile bubuqhophololo wafunyanwa, kodwa amapolisa mthetho ayiphumelelanga ekukhuliseni bebabaza, engafuni ukwazisa abaphathi bakhe malunga gaffes bakhe.

Free Vinnitsa wagqiba ukuba lixesha lokuba aqalise ukoyisa kwelabafileyo Odessa. Life Bears Jap, owayeneminyaka ethile 24 ubudala kuphela, watshintsha emva ugqiba ukuza bakaGershom Mayer, abaziintloko amasela Moldavanka. Yena unika izinto lanqwala ukuya ungeno kwi 'kwimeko' weebhere. Vinnitsa ufumana a imisebenzi emitsha kunye ukusuka mzuzu kuba Jap. Awenze ngempumelelo umsebenzi wokuqala eyabelwe kuye ngokuthe abarhola wayesaziwa ehlabathini mthetho. Ekuhambeni kwexesha Jap walungelelanisa iqela lakhe, ekuqaleni kuqulethe abahlanu abahlobo bakhe ebuntwaneni. Shortstop uthi iphanga iivenkile kunye mveliso, yaye iinkwenkwezi zeBhere kwixesha elifutshane ixesha yenza ukuthetha kubo bonke Odessa.

Ngokoyisa Odessa hayi kuphela

Jap ngokwenene umntu ephawulekayo, ngenxa yokuba emva kweminyaka emibini kuphela, phantse yonke engcwabeni Odessa bavuma ukuba abe yinkokeli efanelekileyo, kwaye kunjalo amawaka bazingenisayo kunye sabaphangi ubuncinane. Okokugqibela Meyer Hirsh uba isandla sakhe sokunene, njengoko kuyimfuneko ukunceda ukumanya bonke imigulukudu Odessa mthetho kwelinye iqela elikhulu interactive. Yonke Jap babe ngabantu babo, kunye oonovenkile ezininzi kunye nabathengisi Abaxhobele ukuhlawula irhafu ukuya kwicala yokuqala, boyika kuye isibetho ngathi.

Amapolisa kufuneka Jap nabo babe abantu babo, ukuba baxelele kwangaphambili yokuhlasela ezizayo kwaye umkhondo ukuba ngubani yaye oko kufuneka unikele sicengo. Eli nqanaba komdla Ivelisa Vinnitsa kuquka kuphela Odessa - awayemjikisile i "ityala" kude ngaphaya kwemida yayo, imibutho, ekuthiwa ulwaphulo-mthetho, oko kuquka gang amaphondo ezininzi Russian. Ezinjalo kuBukhosi Russian lalingekafiki. Kulo lonke ilizwe lafumana imali ngqo kwi-Ofisi kaNondyebo Jap.

Umsebenzi "umbutho" lakhe sele olulungiswe kwaye yakhiwe, bekukho umsebenzi wakhe, elowo wenza indima yawo. Gunners, itshivela, assasin baqesha niyenzela Jap, wafumana imali eninzi ukuze 'imisebenzi' yabo.

Wesihlangu okanye ukumkani?

Malunga Vinnitsa ethwele izinto of legend. neyo Chunky, enxibe isinxibo kusefashonini, wahamba akhusela Deribasovskaya, ekhethiweyo phakathi kubaphangi kakhulu nzima-core. Ezo omzalayo athi adibane naye phezu kwakhe endleleni, waqubuda kuye, zathi waxa. Yonke imihla Mishka Jap, engobomi leyo esixelela ngaye le ndoda onengqondo, yaye kwasekwa, baya Fanconi cafe, imbutho wabathengi kunye nazo zonke iintlobo beyifuna, ngoko ke Vinnitsa wayesoloko uyazi yonke imicimbi ezivela kunye nezinye iziganeko yorhwebo. Ngokuba buyasuswa ubomi yawo yonke izityebi elifutshane ke awayetshate kanye kuphela - naphi na embhalweni 1917-18. nomkakhe baba Tsilya Averman, ubuhle bazo ababephila bathetha uncoma okukhulu.

Mishka Jap akazange ekujongwe ukuba umda kuphela ngamandla kunye nemali, ngoko wagqiba ekubeni bangene ebizwa ngokuba "iKhowudi kubamba", ngenxa yokophula enalo ayikwazanga kuphela kohlwaywa kunye amsongele ukusuka "ishishini", kwaye zizonke abulawe. Noko ke, wakhetha ukwenza ngaphandle Vinnitsa "mokruhu". Kwakukho nakuthetha ukuba akanako ukuma emehlweni igazi kwaye lula ezingqondweni kwimeko efanayo. Ngokuphathelele "ikhowudi", ngokutsho kwenye imithetho, ezihangeni akuvumelekile rob oogqirha, amagcisa kunye namagqwetha abo banikwa ilungelo lokuphila kunye nomsebenzi.

Mishka Jap, ogama ubomi lobuqu kakhulu qembu kubaphandi abaninzi bafuna ukuba azinakanwa kwizangqa ze nezazi. Nangona uninzi amalungu oluntu ophezulu baselalini babengandithethisi yaye babemoyika yena, Vinnitsa rhoqo wabonakala kwiindawo zentlalo ezahlukeneyo, nokuba opera, okanye intlanganiso uncwadi, apho wayeziva kuye. umfazi Young nokuhomba Bears Jap phantse njalo sasihamba naye ngexesha lemikhankaso iziganeko ezahlukeneyo kwezentlalo. Wayezazi nabantu abaninzi kakhulu ixesha, abantu bathi phakathi kwabo Fyodor Chaliapin. Kwakhona ndiyithanda amalungiselelo isidlo enengxolo, apho neetafile abasuntsubala intabalala zonke iintlobo okulula kunye nemimoya, abemi Moldavian ngelika ngenxa khona iNkosi.

ngxabano Jap kunye nabasemagunyeni

Ngexesha leMfazwe Civil, izixholoxholo waba kuyo yonke indawo, kuquka e Odessa, nto leyo ngo 1917-1918. amandla zatshintsha ngaphezu kanye. Ngamnye kubo besilwa ukubeka imithetho yabo, kodwa Jap igcinwe amandla phantsi nawuphi na urhulumente, ngenxa yokuba ubuqili wasisebenzisa, esebenza kummandla walo, yena nabantu bakhe bazi lokufumana. Ngokutsho kwezinye iingxelo phakathi umlo kweMfazwe Civil phantsi kwephiko Jap lingade liye kufika kwi-10 amawaka. Man.

Mihail Vinnitsky waba nempembelelo enkulu e Odessa, ngoko abasemagunyeni wathatha ngaphezu kwesinye ukuzama ukufumana naye endleleni. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha xa isixeko ebebambe Guards White, Jikelele Denikin Schilling wayalela ukuba ukuzivula phantsi Jap, kodwa amagosa counter-ubukrelekrele obeye emva kwakhe kuzo kwivenkilana Fanconi, basilela ukuba bambulale ngoko nangoko, ngoko kwanyanzeleka ukuba bahambe naye kunye nam. Amarhe malunga ukubanjwa yinkokeli ezihangeni Odessa ngesantya emangalisayo saa kuwo umzi zaze Moldavian, kamva ke isiqingatha seyure, kwafika abaphangi ebaleka kuzo zonke iindlela ekwakhiweni counter-krelekrele. Ekugqibeleni, Jikelele Schilling wanyanzeleka ukuba ungahlali le Jap zaya endle.

Kamva Vinnitsa wazama nazigqibo abelungu, kodwa wala ukuya kwi contact, kangangokuba wathi imfazwe phezu kwabo. Ukususela ngoko phakathi izihange Odessa kunye ezimhlophe ukungqubana rhoqo. Ngenxa yoko, urhulumente ukuhlala ugxeka Jap, musa ngakumbi yiya ngaphezu koko, kwaye bambambe ingasonjululwanga.

Jap and ndawonye

Ngentwasahlobo yowama-1919 e Odessa iiBolsheviks wabuya weza. Ekuqaleni, wabo wayethembekile ngakumbi Jap nkqu wabhenela kuye uncedo, umzekelo, wacelwa ukuba alungiselele umyalelo kwimihla Ikonsathi yesisa. Ngoko, kwi intlama iphela zokupapashwa Odessa yazisa waso ukuba ukuze kuloo mzi inikwa kwaye ayiyi kuba kwempahla de ezimbini kusasa. It usayinwe: "Mishka Jap." Biography of umphangi odumileyo yaye iquka iinkcukacha umdla ezinjalo. Ngoku abantu bakhe kuphepha nje wabaphangi, kodwa bona ngokwabo benza ekuqinisekiseni ukuze phakathi komzi.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo ebomvu, njengayo nayiphi na igunya, baqalisa ukuba babeke imithetho yabo e Odessa. UMikhail Vinnytsia namadoda akhe baye batshutshiswa. Jap wayekulungele yaye baqalisa sondeza umsebenzi ngokuqhelekileyo baqonda yorhulumente omtsha, kodwa kungekudala iiBolsheviks yaqala ngaphandle kwetyala ukudubula abantwana bakhe. Inkokeli abaphangi kunye masela bagqiba ixesha elithile walala phantsi. Yena ngokuhlalutywa imeko kweli lizwe, wafika kwisigqibo sokuba iiBolsheviks kusenokwenzeka ukuba ahlale ngamandla ixesha elide.

Kwakufuneka ukuba asindise umkhosi wakhe amawaka amaninzi, kwaye ukuphumeza oku akaba iindlela ezimbini kuphela ukuzuza okanye eyeka.

Uthatho-nxaxheba War Civil

Wobuqili Jap necebo yaye ngoko nangoko baqalise ukuphumeza kuyo. Okokuqala, wapapasha incwadi kweli phephandaba, ivela apho umntu kanye abo bakhonza iminyaka 12 imisebenzi yakhe yotshintsho olululo. Lowo ubhala ukuba walwa ngaphambili, wathabatha inxaxheba chithwa ngolunya eentsontelo omusha, yaye watyelela umthetheli uloliwe vehicles ... Kodwa impendulo kwileta yakhe, akazange wafumana.

Ekuqaleni kuka June 1919 buqu Vinnitsa wachazayo isebe olulodwa ye Cheka 3 Ukrainian Army kwaye ufuna abaphulaphuli kunye umphathi wakhe. Mishka Jap, ogama biography kuloo mzuzu isixelela inxaxheba kwakhe War Civil, acele imvume ukwenza looding amadoda akhe phantsi umyalelo zabo, yaye ukuba babe kunye naye kula manqanaba ezi Red Army. Abasemagunyeni wayinika ukhanyo yaye kungekudala yinkokeli ezihangeni Odessa okhokelwa yi ntsha "butho 54 Soviet," eyenziwe ngabantu 2400.

Sele ngoJulayi Jap butho lathunyelwa kwizowuni imfazwe. Xa amajoni ezisandul kubalwa ngubani kanye abazibandakanya ukuphanga kunye nokungeniswa ngokungekho mthethweni, waya ngaphambili, ndafika off ukuzibona phantse yonke Odessa. Abantu zikhala yaye wendiza iitshefu. Odessans abanekratshi ezisezintabeni zabo. Film Mishka Jap, leyo nje ayithimba le siganeko, ibonisa ngokugqibeleleyo umoya ixesha.

Jap webutho, yaba yinxalenye 2 Brigade Kotovskogo, leyo, ngokuzenzekelayo, yaba umhlobo endala inkokeli ezihangeni. Webutho, bathatha inxaxheba kusiliwa naye imfazwe, amajoni ka noSimona Petlyury yaye iphumelele iziphumo ezilungileyo. Ke iinkokheli le Red Army, ekwakukho phakathi Kotovskij ochaphazelekayo malunga impembelelo obukhulayo Vinnitsa on mlilo. Baceba ukumbulala yena butho yakhe imipu. Kodwa njengokuba umphathi ye-Red Army angambulali kanye oko, ngaphandle kwetyala, bagqiba ukumbambisa.

King ukufa

Bear Vinnitsa wathumela kwekomkhulu "wemvula" izityholo. Ukongeza, exelelwe ukuba ulinde isabelo esitsha, kodwa Jap kwaba smart kakhulu, ngoko nangoko nokusola. Ukuze ukusindisa abantu bakhe, wathi uninzi lwabo ngokwabo ukuya ku Odessa kwindlela engabonakaliyo. Yena ngokwakhe kuthatha ngaphezulu kancinane nje amadoda angamakhulu wathumela ukuba "wemvula". Kwenye izikhululo, kunye namadoda akhe, ukuba uyeza off kuloliwe aze uloliwe, exelela umqhubi ukulandela Odessa. iziganeko elandelayo, echaza yokugcina ubomi Odessa osisigwinta, kakhulu ngokucacileyo ngokutsha oluthi "Ubomi Adventures of Mishka Jap."

Akazange umiselwe ukuya kwidolophu. Enye yabantu Vinnitsa, umkomishinala we-54 webutho, Alexander Feldman, yaba umngcatshi, azise ulawulo malunga neenjongo Vinnitsa. Ukuqeqesha Jap, lo terminus kwawo ukuba Odessa, wacanda Voznesensk, apho elinde ulwahlulo amahashe. Fighters zakhe savalelwa iimoto, kwaye Jap sabhengezwa wabanjwa. Emva kokuba wala ukuba anikezele izixhobo zabo, injengele kwecala bafika emva kwakhe Nikifor Ursula wadubula naye ngasemva. Bears Jap nokufa lophanyazo, i-Red Army kwafuneka ukudubula kwakhona. Ngoko ke wabulawa inkokeli bazingenisayo odumileyo Odessa kunye sabaphangi.

nolunye ulwazi

Saxoxa okuninzi malunga Yaponchik, kodwa phantse akukho nto ukuthetha ngayo intsapho yakhe. Umfazi wakhe Tsilya Averman omncinane yaziwa, ngaphandle ukuba le yokuqala kunye nomfazi wayo kuphela. Emva kokuba umyeni wakhe umfazi wakhe Bears Jap, waya phesheya bahlala eFransi, apho wayehlala khona ubomi bakhe bonke. Siyazi ukuba wazala intombi, ogama Adele. Celia, hamba amazwe, ayikwazanga bathabathe nabo esihogweni. Ntombi Bears Jap kwiminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe wachitha ku Baku, apho wafela ngo-1990

Bear Vinnitsa lithandwa ebudeni bobomi bakhe emva kokufa kwakhe waba lamandulo kwaphela. Malunga Kwaxelwa amabali amaninzi, uninzi lwazo, mhlawumbi, okwenyaniso, kodwa ubungqina ukuthandwa Odessa wesihlangu. Umbhali Soviet Isaac yiBhabheli wadala umlinganiswa Benya Krik, kwase leyo yaba Jap. Kwaye ngo-2011 yesiriyeli film "The Life and Adventures of Mishka Jap" yenziwa Odessa. Nangona ezinye zeziganeko eboniswe kulo okwenyaniso, ngokubanzi, umboniso ibonisa kakuhle wayengengombukeli umoya Odessa kwekhulu XX ekuqaleni kunye sabaphangi, abathengisi beziyobisi, kunye nabanye abasebenzi bayo bala.