Medlar abaseAfrika - i iziqhamo engaqhelekanga

Phantsi igama olulodwa eyaziwa izityalo iziqhamo ezimbini: medlar abaseAfrika kunye Japanese. Noko ke, iiyantlukwano zabo zisekuhleni kangangokuba zezityalo wabasa eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo kwisizukulwana lentsapho Rosaceae. Okokuqala bonke abanomdla loquat abaseAfrika thina. Ngokuhambelana kunye negama layo, lo isityalo iziqhamo okokuqala ukuvela eCaucasus. Kukho ubungqina bokuba oko ilinywa emhlabeni iminyaka engamawaka amathathu. Ngokutsho kweminye imithombo, lo sityalo ibizwa ngokuba medlar (eziqhelekileyo). Eli gama wanikwa nkqu uKarl Linney, kodwa kwathi ngaphandle naluphi na utshintsho namhlanje. Yandile industrial le isityalo ikhule e Asia Minor, Western Yurophu, neCaucasus, kumazantsi eUkraine, Moldova naseRashiya.

medlar abaseAfrika kuba umthi onamagqabi avuthulukayo. Idla ufikelela m-5 ubude kwaye ke ubudeki efanayo ububanzi isithsaba. Kungenxa yokuba i loquat - umthi omkhulu kakhulu, bambalwa abantu unqwenela ukuba loo nto egadini yakhe. It esezansi ngo May. izityalo kweentyatyambo ezi inkangeleko zokuhombisa kakhulu. iziqhamo medlar lifa ngokupheleleyo kuphela ukuwa emva kwexesha okanye ekuqaleni kobusika. Ngenxa yokuba esi sityalo yinto elide sexesha lokukhula, ukukhula kuyo iimeko zemozulu eRashiya kuba kunokuba nzima.

Medlar abaseAfrika kuzisa iziqhamo ezincinane. ububanzi yabo ayidluli 2.5 cm, kwaye ubude imalunga 7 cm. angaba apple-, esondezwe okanye enye imilo. Phantse iziqhamo ze ayelo-brown, omdaka, bomvu, mdaka. Inyama yawo brown. On inkalakahla lumnandi-muncu, ahlaziyayo. Ngaphakathi iziqhamo 5 iimbewu (imigodi).

ixabiso Amandla ezi ziqhamo esezantsi. Ngenxa yoko, 100 g loquat eziqulathwe kcal 40-45 kuphela. Bona ziqulathe izinto ezifana protein (0.7%), amafutha (0.6%), neselulosi (0.9%), iswekile (kwi 8.6%), ii-asidi engumgquba (ukuya ku 0.18 %). Fruits ziqulathe vitamin B1 (0.02 mg / 100 g), B2 (0.04 mg / 100 g), C (10 mg / 100 g), B2 (0.04 mg / 100 g), beta-carotene (phezulu 775 mg / kg). Loquat abaseAfrika izimbiwa abazizityebi: phosphorus (ukuya kuma-36 mg / 100 g), calcium (30 mg / 100 g), yentsimbi (ukuya ku 0.8 mg / 100 g), potassium (350 mg / 100 g). Iziqhamo asidi ezininzi eziphilayo (citric, malic, tartaric). Iziqhamo edliwayo kuphela emva kokuba ezithambileyo (intlama) texture.

Medlar abaseAfrika wayedla kungekuphela nje nokutya kodwa nje amayeza. iziqhamo alo antidizenteriynymi, iipropati antidiarrheal. Ziphucula ukutya, ukubuyisela umsebenzi unamadlala yonyango. asidi Organic ni vuyelo lebyinene eka inkqubo yokujikeleza kwaye luvo, isibindi, imiphunga.

Loquat sityalo imbonakalo zokuhombisa kakhulu, ngoko ukuba kukho iziza ezingenabantu zomhlaba egadini, unga zama yokutyala umthi. Njengoko umthetho, emhlabeni evulekileyo watyala imithi zasehlotyeni 3-4 elinywa nursery.

Indlela yokutyala medlar? Ukutyala oluqhutywa kokwindla. Kuba esi sityalo Umhlaba efanelekileyo kuphela kakuhle ivundiswe. Izithole of a tie isikhonkwane elide. Iminyaka yokuqala 2 kwamasebe skeletal ye izinikezeli banqunyulwe ngesiqingatha. Kule minyaka mi-2 izayo baya kusikwa kuphela ngekota. Amahlumelo ezingalindelekanga inqanyulelwe ukuya 15-20 cm. Care izityalo abaqolileyo na ukuthenwa okungenamsebenzi, nangona onokuyenza ngaphandle kwayo.

Medlar abaseAfrika ngokuqhelekileyo lakufumana esi sifo besakhiwo nokuhlaselwa. Fruits ayavunwa ngo-Oktobha-Novemba. Bona sandile umaleko ube mnye kwindawo epholileyo iiveki 3-4 ukuze esivuthiweyo. Xa athambe, zingakotshwa kukhiwa okanye zisetyenziselwe ukwenza kulondoloza.