Mammography - kukuba ungasisishwankathelo? Indlela ukuqhuba mammogram?

Mammography - a koxilongo lwamabele kunye mammography (umatshini X-ray). Loo inkqubo - indlela ixhaphakileyo iimviwo webele. informativity wayo ngaphezu kwama-90%. Mammography utyhila umhlaza webele kusekwangoko. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kwe isifo kuya kunceda ukuze ngokupheleleyo, lahlani okanye ukunciphisa umonakalo obangelwe inkqubo somhlaza.

umgangatho uviwo kuxhomekeke izixhobo, ubuchule-ray. Lo mfanekiso ubonisa zibonwa ngokucacileyo isakhiwo ibele - inyama glandular kunye nokuqina, imithambo yegazi kunye imibhobho. Xa ukufumana nakujoliso olutsha okungaqhelekanga ubukhulu esisigxina, indawo, imilo, isakhiwo.

Yintoni ebonisa ukuba le nkqubo? Musa yingozi X-reyi? Lingakanani ufuna ukwenza mammogram? imibuzo ezifanayo kwabasetyhini, azixhalabisa malunga nempilo yabo.

Yintoni a mammogram

Mammography - a x-reyi radiation zikujikeleze eliphantsi. Le nkqubo yindlela nokuvavanyelwa ukuxilonga ibele. Idla ezimiselwe ngenjongo efumanise kwezifo webele.

Mammography - ntoni na? Iifoto inkqubo kubonisa ukuba indlela non-invasive iimviwo. Oko kukuthi, ngexesha lentlanganiso akukho ukuhlaselwa komzimba womntu ngoncedo iinaliti okanye ezinye izixhobo zonyango.

Mammography utyhila yomfazi ithumba, itywina okanye ezinye utshintsho ibele.

Oku kubonisa mammography

mammography yonyaka utyhila sifo oncological kwibakala lokuqala. Ngoko ke, amagqirha bacetyiswa ukuba bangenele uviwo lonyango rhoqo. Ingakumbi echaphazelekayo kule nkqubo kwabasetyhini abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40. Kule minyaka ziqala utshintsho hormone nga ezikhokelela ezingaqhelekanga kwi ijwabu ibele. Qiniseka ukuba indlela yokwenza ukuba:

• babe osenyameni evela ingono;
• kwakukho lamatywina, iintlungu esifubeni;
• kwenzeka shape ibele okanye deformation le kwingono.

Mammography - inkqubo yoxilongo ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuhlola imeko yesigulane. Emva kweminyaka 35 kunyanzelekile ukuba bonke abasetyhini. Kwanele ukuba bangenele inkqubo 1 qho kwiminyaka emi-2 ekufunyanisweni yamathumba. Emva kweminyaka 50 ukwenza ray ngonyaka.

Ukuba kukho yofuzo (imbali yosapho lwesifo webele), kufuneka bangenele mammography ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-30.

Ukuba kukho nayiphi na ithumba, le nkqubo kufuneka yenziwe 1 xesha ngenyanga nganye. Iya ukulandelela Dynamics kuphuhliso lwemfundo.

Oko kuchonga le nkqubo?

Nge mammography uyakwazi ukuchonga neoplasms ebubonisayo nesibuhlungu. Inkqubo ivumela ukuba ukuhlalutya utshintsho ingaba mammary kunye nobukhulu zabo kunye nokusasazwa.

- A cyst. Le Faka ulwelo - zesiganeko rhoqo kwi namadlala mammary. Asinto nomhlaza. Kodwa mammography, ngelishwa, akakwazi ukwahlula cyst evela ithumba - kufuneka uviwo olunye.

- fibroadenoma. Ithumba Ukwakheka, nto leyo maxa wambi ichaphazeleke ukwanda. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo kakhulu kwabasetyhini abasebatsha. They are amabi.

- Calcinates. izihloko ezininzi ezincinane iityuwa icalcium kwezihlunu isenokuba uphawu lokuqala lokuqala umhlaza. Ubukhulu enkulu wemfundo kaninzi ngaphezu nomqhubi nomhlaza. Kunjalo, ubukho calcifications kwi incum ibe ngenxa yobukho inkqubo somhlaza.

Nokuba kukho itywina kwicala elinye kuphela, le saveyi iya kuqhutywa kuzo zombini amabele. Oku kwenziwa bemifanekiso othelekiso kwaye ukubhaqa utshintsho kwezinye ibele. Ukuba ngaba une imifanekiso neenkqubo zangaphambili, kufuneka ubonise ukuba ray.

Izimo yenqubo

Mammography ibele - yinto x-reyi kunye igcuntswana leyeza radiation. Ngoko ke, oogqirha musa singacebisi ukwenza:

• abasetyhini abakhulelweyo;
• mame.

Indlela ukulungiselela ukuba mammogram

Phambi kokuba inkqubo, abafazi sikhathazeke asoloko enomdla: "mammography - kubuhlungu okanye hayi? uya kuvakalelwa ntoni na? ". Mammography - inqubo elula ngokupheleleyo. Kuthatha malunga 10-30 imizuzu. Izigulane phambi kokuba inkqubo, ugqirha uya kukuxelela into imini yokwenza ray. Noko ke, loo nto kubalulekile ukuba unesifo ekhawulezayo zomjikelo mhla.

Abanye abafazi bangase kabi ngexesha isifundo ukuba bakuwubona iintlungu esifubeni sakhe. Ngoko ke, iingcebiso kagqirha, ukuba zabelwe ntlungu.

Ngexesha izacholo kufuneka isuswe nkqubo. Ezona mpawu ngamanye izigulane ziya kuba esingundoqo ukubala ngaliphi ilanga ray. Ngokuqhelekileyo ziintsuku 6-12 ukususela ekuqaleni komjikelo.

Phambi implants amabele kufuneka azise ugqirha. Ngomhla le nkqubo ukusebenzisa deodorant, cream. Axilla kunye indawo esifubeni kufuneka bacoceke, ukuze kubonakale mnyama ifilimu.

Njani na inkqubo

Izigulane abanomdla phambi le nkqubo: "mammography - is ultrasound? Njani na iimviwo? ". Zombini ezi ndlela akudingi uqeqesho olulodwa kumabhinqa. iimviwo X-ray yahlukile kwi-ultrasound.

Ultrasound ikuvumela ukuba ukulandelela imeko kwizihlunu ezithambileyo. A ngeso engcono yentsunguzi kwafunyaniswa phezu mammogram. Ngoko ke, ukuba imeko yesigulane kanti, oko kumiselwe zombini.

-X-reyi kugqitha umzimba womntu, ukulungisa umfanekiso film. Mammography - inkqubo leyo yenzelwa phezu kwetafise basis kwesibhedlele. Ray ubeka isifuba yomguli eqongeni kunye zokuyilungisa. Benza imifanekiso (ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi nakwicala), ngelo xesha isigulane utshintsha indawo.

Kuba imifanekiso ecacileyo umfazi ufanele yimani, nizibambe umoya wakhe. Umgaqo nkqubo ifuze esifubeni X-reyi. Kodwa, ngokuchaseneyo, ray uthatha imifanekiso webele ngasinye ngokwahlukeneyo. Ngexesha inkqubo, ibele lo zixinaniswe isixhobo kancinci. Kutheni na lo wenze le nto?

• Ukulungelelanisa ubukhulu incum, abahlukunyezwa.
• Ukuze ufumane umfanekiso ocace.
• Kusasaza kwizihlunu ezithambileyo uphawu kwaye ngqondweni imfundo kunokwenzeka.
• Ukunciphisa isikalo radiation - ingaphantsi kwe umaleko ngelaphu, ithamo esezantsi kufuneka ukuba umfanekiso epheleleyo.

Emva kokuthatha imifanekiso ray nokuhlalutya kwaye ibonelela ngamaxwebhu gqirha. Kwezinye iimeko, inkcazelo mammography ukufumana izandla zakho. Ngokutsho iziphumo nenkqubo ugqirha ukubekwa iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo iinkcukacha eziphangaleleyo kwesifo.

iintlobo mammography

Kukho 2 iintlobo Ndlela mammography X-ray:

1. Film.
2. Digital.

mammography Film (ukusuka mamma Greek - "umama" kunye grapho - 'sisondele') lisetyenziswa ne-imi- 60 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Lo mfanekiso kule ndlela, irekhodwa film.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, indlela ethandwa kakhulu uzuza mammography yedijithali. It ikuvumela ukuba ukwenza isifundo amadlala mammary ngokweenkcukacha abafazi, kunciphisa sesichengeni sosasazeko lwemitha umzimba.

On njongo engqondweni kukho 2 iintlobo mammography:

1. Zifo (abaqeshwe yi igqirha nokuya kwi isigulane efikelela kwiminyaka ethile).
2. Diagnostic (eyabelwe neoplasm okusolwayo).

Iimpawu mammography digital

Kwi-digital filimi mammography - kumfanekiso kakhulu - incum licinezelwe phakathi iipleyiti ezimbini. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba yi-20% ye-uvavanyo umboniso awayiboni ubukho umhlaza webele.

Enye into - mammography digital. Oko kukuthi, sele ngazo. Yaye ziziphi izinto zayo? Yedijithali X-ray yoviwo umboniso indawo detectors (ezifana ukuba khamera). Bona ukuguqula-X-reyi sibe ngamaza ombane. Imiqondiso ezinjalo liprintwe, izakugcinwa khompyutha yenze iikopi.

mammography Digital - ukhetho ilungileyo:

• izigulane amabele ashinyeneyo;
• Abasetyhini ukuya kwiminyaka engama-50;
• izigulane ngaphambi kokuya (okanye ukuba exesheni ihlala konyaka ngaphantsi kwe-1).

Ke bona abafazi post-ngxaki (okanye engama-50), ukuba unako kuvavanywa ngayo nayiphi na indlela, kunye umboniso, yaye indlela lwamasuntswana kuphumelele ngokufanayo. Oku kungenxa yokuba mninzi incum unciphisa kunye ubudala, nto leyo evumela ukufumana imifanekiso ezikumgangatho ophezulu kuzo zombini ezi meko.

ingaba le nkqubo iyingozi?

Ezinye izigulane, ngenxa yezehlakalo, bathi loo mammography - luyingozi. Inelungelo umthamo mkhulu, ngoko ke kungcono ukwenza ultrasound. Oogqirha bathi ngokugcinwa kwemimiselo ye-X-ray umonakalo impilo loviwo ziya kuba ncinci.

Okokuqala, kukho iinkcukacha ukuze sicatshulwa kweenkqubo x-reyi kulo nyaka.

Okwesibini, zokukhanya idosi ezinemitha lincinane kakhulu (indlela ngaphantsi xa fluorography).

Ultrasound kunye noviwo X-ray ezisebenzisanayo. Ngoko ke, oogqirha amisele kwaye yena kunye nezinye indlela diagnostic.

kwizazi mammography

Uviwo utyhila owabumba ezingaqhelekanga le ndlala mammary. Mammography nga nokuxilonga umhlaza kusekwangoko. Oku kuya kunceda soyise umhlaza. Kukho iindlela ezininzi ekunyangeni umhlaza kwi kusekwangoko.

bendlela mammography

Ungafumana iinkcukacha ezingachanekanga, ngoko ke kungcono ukuba ukudibanisa iindlela eziliqela iimviwo webele. Kwimeko yesiphumo engachanekanga HIV kuqesha mammography ezongeziweyo ultrasound. Rechecked iziphumo amaxesha amaninzi babhenela kuba yesiqhelo. Kwimeko uphando yabafazi abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-30 unyango ngempumelelo (mninzi incum yenza kube nzima kuphando qualitative).

iindlela ezongezelelweyo iimviwo webele

Mammography tomosynthesis nge - umfanekiso esifubeni ngokomthamo njenge (1 mm) isilayi obhityileyo. Le ndlela entsha, nto leyo eye ongenakuwelwa inani elaneleyo yolingo lwezonyango.

MRI - indlela kakuhle, engasebenzisi radiation yingozi. Kodwa yena angabi nako ukubonisa amanye mgaqweni.

mammography Optical - na indlela yokusebenzisa i Itomography projektha kunye nezixhobo. uhlobo sokuxilonga uphando awusebenzi. mammography ezibengezelayo okubonakalayo lubandakanya lokugunyazisa phosphors zeethishu. Kuyanceda ukubona ekukhuleni nethumba.

US - yinto uviwo ultrasound, nto leyo evumela ukuba ufumane umfanekiso ocacileyo kwiikona ezahlukeneyo. Oku kusetyenziswa ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye zisanyisa, ekubeni akuyongozi indlela X-ray.

Biopsy - zesimo lwemizekelo zeethishu ukuze kwenziwe uphando olunzulu. Le ndlela yenza kube lula ukuqinisekisa ubukho okanye ukungabikho umhlaza webele.

Kutheni kuyimfuneko?

Ngoncedo lwe mammography kwesifo kwenzeka utshintsho amadlala mammary. radiation yedosi esezantsi oko kwenzakalise impilo yesigulane. kuyaphela okungephi kwenza kangangoko umhlaza ngexesha nenkqubo isanda.

Ekugqibeleni dwelisa izinto ekunzima igalelo kuphuhliso umhlaza esemncinane:

• isisu;
• sexesheni ekuqaleni (phambi kweminyaka 11);
• utshintsho hormone (zokucwangcisa ngomlomo, isifo lengqula, amavila okanye belula);
• exesheni emva kwexesha (emva kweminyaka 55);
• umntwana wokuqala eneminyaka emva kwexesha (emva kweminyaka engama-30);
• izifo izifo;
• yofuzo;
• iimeko uxinezeleko rhoqo.

Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko iya kuvumela ukuba kunyanga ngokupheleleyo umhlaza okanye ukuqhuba utyando nomonakalo oluncinane (umzekelo, ukuba asuse ithumba, ukuba benze ngaphandle ichemotherapy). Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kuya kukunceda ugcine impilo iminyaka emininzi.