Machine Ukubulawa: Iintlobo, iimpawu. izixhobo zonyango Modern

Maxa wambi umntu ujamelene neengxaki ezinkulu kunye nempilo yakho, xa unyango nchumu lowunene lowu uqhaqho. Ukwenza umsebenzi nawuphi na umzimba akathandi kusebenza ngaphandle zomzimba, kungenjalo isigulane liya iintlungu ezinzima ekugqibeleni lubekelwe ukuphila kwakhe. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zomzimba, kodwa eyona enzulu nehlala wakhonza kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa. umatshini Ukubulawa, yaye ifowuni ekhoyo iphambili kwigumbi yokusebenza, ungenza ngokukhawuleza ukwenza zomzimba jikelele nomonde, apho kwenziwa naluphi na ungenelelo. Kodwa yintoni eyenza le fowuni?

machine Ukubulawa: yintoni na le fowuni?

Izixhobo lokubonelela ntlungu - eli izixhobo zonyango, nejonge ukubonelela Ukubulawa jikelele. Esi sixhobo kubizwa zinika inkqubo zomzimba. Ukuba ngaphambili ukusebenza kwezi zixhobo yayikukuqinisekisa ukuba ikwazi ukubonelela iigesi kunye neegesi iintlungu inkxaso yobomi kwisekethe nomonde, izixhobo zonyango mihla kunika amathuba amaninzi. Ku nga kuphela ukwenza ioksijini kunye neegesi iintlungu kwindawo gesi okanye engamanzi, kodwa ukuvelisa esweni olubanzi iimpawu ezibalulekileyo:

• uxinzelelo kwi phecana sokuphefumla;
• flow mpilo yoxinaniso;
• umoya okuzenzekelayo lokwenziwa emiphungeni yesigulana.

Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu imisebenzi unzima kunye zomzimba jikelele kubonwa kuyimfuneko, ukongeza, kubalulekile ukwenza nokuphefumla ngumntu. Ngexesha nokusebenza izixhobo yemveliso mihla kangangexesha elithile endaweni umsebenzi izihlunu zemiphunga omzimba womntu, siqinisekisa oxygenation kunye umoya. Ukubulawa isetyenziselwa lokubonelela ityhubhu endotracheal okanye Ukubulawa imaski.

Ngaphezu koko, ifowuni ivumela ukulawula umthamo kunye nengcinezelo, kodwa inakho, umzekelo, ukuze kuqhutywa iindlela ezahlukeneyo okanye abangabancedani umoya, uxinzelelo elawulwa okanye inkxaso, kunye neminye imisebenzi emininzi.

Apho kusetyenziswa umatshini Ukubulawa?

izixhobo Ukubulawa zisetyenziswa kuphela xa ungenelelo zotyando, kodwa ngexesha unyango ezimbi ezahlukeneyo kakhulu apho kukho kukwaphula misebenzi ibaluleke umzimba:

• senhliziyo congestive;
• ukungasebenzi le iphecana nokuphefumla: inyumoniya, isifuba, umphunga nokudumba;
• athuke;
• coma;
• ithi convulsive of umyalezo ezahlukeneyo;
• kukwenzakala kakhulu nokutsha;

• izifo ezosulelayo, ingakumbi yesi sifo, tetanus kunye nabanye;
• iintlobo nokoyika yityhefu.

Inkqubo zomzimba iimodyuli uye iindlela ezininzi yokusebenza:

• Inika a xi entle leyo sidla ngokuqhubekayo;
• uxinzelelo HIV, kodwa lisetyenziswa ngokwemaleko ezimbini;
• edibanisa imisebenzi ezimbini ngasentla.

Iintlobo nezixhobo ukunikezelwa Ukubulawa

Okwangoku, kukho inani elikhulu lwezixhobo ezinceda oogqirha hayi kuphela xa kuyimfuneko jikelele zomzimba (zomzimba), kodwa kwakhona oogqirha ekufuneka ukunyanga izigulana kunye ezimbi ezintsonkothileyo.

Ukuze ukunceda oogqirha unyango, abenzi banika iindidi ezininzi kwezixhobo:

• obuchetyiweyo esandeni;
• udonga;
• ephathekayo.

Imifuziselo Floor zinama inkqubo bokulungisa kwaye ixhasa ngohlobo namavili, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuba babe bekhululekile esibhedlele.

Wall iinketho asetyenziswa kakhulu ngokuqhelekileyo ngokuxhobisa ntaka lweenqwelo yococeko, ambulensi ambulensi isampula mihla.

Eziphathekayo okanye iimodyuli ayilwe ngendlela ethi ixhobise nabancedi kunye nabasebenzi likaxakeka izixhobo kakhulu eziyimfuneko nengenakusebenziseka, nto leyo eya kunceda na indawo ukunceda isigulane kunye nayiphi iqondo nobungozi besi sifo.

Ukongeza, ezi izixhobo seemodyuli nawo baxhotyiswa neebhetri ezinceda isixhobo kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ukuba basebenze iiyure eziliqela ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Kwakhona, zonke izixhobo usenokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke, leyo udidi izigulane ekujoliswe kuzo. Umzekelo, abantwana, izixhobo ezo zibizwa ngokuba lweentsana kwaye ube nenani imisebenzi eyongezelelweyo.

Lo mgaqo uyasebenza bomashini Ukubulawa

izityalo iintlungu asebenza kwi-siseko isitofu. Bancedise ekondleni ubungakanani iintlungu imiphunga wesigulane ngokohlobo igesi, eqhagamshelwe ioksijini okanye ioksijini enye kuphela. Konke kuxhomekeke ngqo kwi meko: kuyimfuneko ukwenza utyando okanye iyunithi labagula kakhulu, qiniseka ukuba uyithathele ingqalelo yesigulane ubudala, ubunzima, kunye nezigulo ezinxulumene.

IVL owazenza isiphelo-expiratory uxinzelelo 5-10-15 umhlathi entle amanzi cm, kodwa nofundo zibhalwe. Kuyenzeka ukuba enze internal ngumntu kangangeeyure eziliqela, maxa wambi iintsuku okanye iminyaka. Kukho kwakhona iingcinga ophezulu rhoqo. Baya kuza ngeendlela ezininzi: volume, inkjet kunye ostsillyarnye.

isixhobo inkjet isikakhulu isetyenziswa, kwaye kufeza inani imijikelo nokuphefumla ngaphakathi 100-300 ngomzuzu ngamnye. Ngaloo ndlela sikwazi ukunciphisa umthwalo entliziyweni, kuphuculwe ukuhamba kwegazi kwemalike igesi emiphungeni. Ukusetyenziswa yomatshini inokuba ngaxeshanye kunye umoya yesiqhelo.

iimpawu Technical yamacebo for Ukubulawa

Akukho izixhobo engcono, nto leyo inamathelene sciences eziliqela (utyando, anesthesiology yokurhaxwa) ngaphezu izixhobo iintlungu. izixhobo ziye zasetyenziswa ixesha elide, kodwa izixhobo zale mihla imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kunceda nkqu kwiimeko ezininzi kakhulu. Kwisakhiwo yanamhlanje ibandakanya iinkqubo ezifana:

• koxinzelelo oluphezulu;
• dosimeter;
• iintlungu evaporator ikwimo yolwelo;
• mpilo olungisiweyo okuye iindlela zokusebenza ezininzi;
• ukuphefumla beesekethe i izifunxi;
• Bonisa iinkqubo zokubeka iliso;
• aspirator;
• humidifier uphefumlayo mxube.

Dosimeter kunye evaporator ziyimfuneko ukuze kakuhle urhwebo ngaphakathi umthamo iziyobisi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, usebenzisa uhlobo rotary, apho umxube izinga budget ebekwe yi umbhojana. Evaporator - isikhongozeli ekhethekileyo, oko kuwo uguqulwe iintlungu lulwelo umphunga.

flow noTidali isetyenziswa kwakunye mpilo manual nendlela ukugcina iziyobisi.

Amanqaku izixhobo Ukubulawa

Namhlanje, anesthesiology namayeza zononophelo bakhwelela kude phambili. Zonke ngenxa yokuba izixhobo zale mihla kuvumela ixesha elifutshane ukuze bancede abaguli kunye kwizifo kakhulu. Amaninzi ezisetyenziswa kwizibonelelo zonyango iyunithi zomzimba esebenzayo nenoqoqosho. Zinelungelo iqela loyilo, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukukhetha iimodyuli evela iimfuno ezithile zeengcali kunye nkcukacha lo msebenzi.

Ukongeza, ngamnye ekhoyo kwi kumatshini mzuzu zomzimba kufuneka iiyantlukwano zabo:

• Uhlobo mpilo iintlungu. Yaye ezimbini: Ukusebenzisa umoya kunye yombane, yaye akukho fan uyayinikwa ezinye iimodeli.
• View flowmeter: ngomatshini okanye ngekhompyutha.
• Diversity usebenzisa igesi: umoya, ioksijini, oxide xenon, kunye nabanye.
• Ithuba okanye ukungakwazi ukusebenzisa ezisezantsi-flow zomzimba.
• Ubungakanani bexesha ovumela ukuba idivaysi isebenze odwa.
• Ubukhulu.
• Umahluko ngokuxhomekeke kubudala lomguli.

Omnye umahluko obalulekileyo ethe zava kwezixhobo kweentsholongwane. Abavelisi ukuvelisa imifuziselo ezifuna uhlalutyo kweentsholongwane kumphathi wesekethe ukuphefumla, yaye kukho abo apho bunzima abanjalo Akuyomfuneko ukuba ukuthatha.

Kodwa ukuze aqonde ngokuchanileyo iimpawu koomatshini zomzimba, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ezinye iintlobo athandwa kakhulu.

Izixhobo zomzimba "Polinarkon"

Esi sixhobo kubavelisi ekhaya, loo nto ithathwa omnye ethandwa kakhulu. Namhlanje, oogqirha abaninzi baye ncomo ezilungileyo kule fowuni, kuba kunceda ukuqinisekisa umpefumlo umguli kwelinye iziphaluka 4. Bona ihlanganiswe ngokugqibeleleyo kunye izixhobo, nto leyo umoya ngumntu, kodwa konke konke ukuba kuthelekiswa zixhobo: RC-5 okanye 6, kwisiGaba-5, nto leyo ekugqibeleni yenza kube lula ukulungisa ngokupheleleyo size sihlale phantsi kolawulo umthamo emiphungeni. Ezi models ziyafumaneka ukwenzela ixabiso.

Umatshini Ukubulawa Fabius Plus

Esi sixhobo evela kumenzi isiJamani "Draeger" udume ngokukhethekileyo. Abo sele ulawulwa ukuhlola umsebenzi, nahlutha. Esi sixhobo mayixhotyiswe fan E-ofaka umoya, ebonelela iindlela eziliqela umoya:

• manual / kulogo;
• ngokulawula umthamo;
• esinolawulo njalo;
• ngenkxaso wegazi;
• Ehambisanayo umoya olongezelelweyo.

Umatshini Ukubulawa "Draeger Fabius" - ukuba zombane eziqhutywa unit kunye piston kwaye ilawulwe ngekhompyutha. Apha ke ibhetri, kwaye isebenza ngokwawo ngaphezu kwemizuzu eli-45. Le yunithi lulula kakhulu kwaye ongenantandabuzo ukuya interface nganye.

Izikhankanyi "Fabius"

Ukuze ngokuchanileyo yintoni iingenelo kwesi sixhobo, kungcono ukucacisa umsebenzi wayo:

• esweni okokoko O2 yoxinaniso ngexesha iphefumlelwe;
• esweni rhoqo umthamo ngcaciso bokuphefumla rhoqo;
• iliso ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa yengcinezelo incopho kwisiqwenga sokuphefumla;
• xi Plateau.

Ukuze athi yintoni le yunithi yahlukile nabanye abaninzi, kufuneka ukuba akhethe iimpawu ezahlukileyo:

• lixhotyiswe imboniso yombala, ngokubonisa imizobo kunye digital iparameters;
• ngayo inkqubo plane ngoomatshini ethembekileyo ekhuselekileyo;
• kuyenzeka ukuba ngaxeshanye entabeni evaporators ezimbini iintlungu imuncwe;
• Yena yeselula, ngoko ugqirha kulula ukuba azihlele kwisithuba sokusebenza ngeyona ndlela;
• lula buyo isiseko, leyo zibekwa, yaye ngakumbi olunye uhlobo lwezixhobo.

Kodwa ke nantoni na isixhobo okanye zomzimba kubonelelwa, isigulane ngasinye kufuneka bazi ukuba banokubenzakalisa umzimba.

zomzimba Jikelele: imiphumo emzimbeni

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba zomzimba uye wangena ngokuchanekileyo yaye oogqirha yobungcali, umele ukhumbule ukuba intshayelelo yayo kuya kuquka ezinye zeziphumo kunokwenzeka, kuquka:

• hypotension;
• reflex gag;
• arrhythmia;
• nokudumba ubuchopho;
• zizalwa;
• iingxaki kwinkqubo lung;
• iinkqubo arhabaxa;
• ukusilela kwezintso;
• ukuphazamiseka kwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi, nto leyo eqinisekisa ingqondo.

Izigulane ngokwabo, nto leyo iveziwe jikelele zomzimba, iziphumo umzimba ezichazwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ingqalelo saa, partial ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, iingxaki zentetho. Ezinye izigulane zifumana kwanexhala, ukuba nochuku, uvalo, ugwayi.

Ingakumbi zomzimba luchaphazela ngamandla abantwana, abasetyhini, abantwana hatching, kunye nabantu abadala.

Izimvo oogqirha

umatshini iintlungu practice yakhe ngaphezu kwakanye ezisetyenziswa oogqirha, anesthetists kunye resuscitators. Xa ukubuyekeza kwabo, ngamayelenqe bebexhotyiswa ukusebenza kumaxesha akude eSoviet, ayikho olusebenzayo kunye nezenziwayo. Kodwa ngoku, xa ezintsha ayikho eyayimi ngxi, izinto zitshintshile, izixhobo zale mihla kufuneka eziluncedo ezininzi, ukuze oogqirha bakwazi ukunceda abantu bade bagule kakhulu. Ngoncedo lwabo, sikwazile ukunciphisa lokufa ugula kakhulu.

isiphelo

Ukushwankathela, sinokuthi ngenxa ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zale mihla naluphi na uhlobo - yinto isixhobo esebenzayo ukukunceda kuphela isicelo ngokukhawuleza zomzimba emntwini, kodwa ukuxhasa ubomi ezinye imizimba. Ukongeza, ngoncedo lwabo, lo anesthesiologist unalo ithuba lokukhetha idosi kangangoko ukuba umguli ethile. Izixhobo iintlungu naluphi na uhlobo lungasetyenziswa kuphela ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo, esibhedlele okanye ukuhlangulwa mobile amaqela endleleni.