Love imihobe Tiutchev. Izisusa Lyric Tyutchev. yamaciko

Ubuso Fedor Tiutchev oselula engazi phantse mntu. In eni kwakhe iboniswe iminyaka yakhe kokwehla kunye kakhulu, amehlo ebuhlungu, iinwele ezingwevu hedge, ibunzi ephakamileyo, emide, imilebe ezomileyo. Ngoko ke, eneneni, Tiutchev waya kwisihobe - elinzima oqolileyo. bt ithathwa kushicilelo lwemisebenzi 24 kwi-3 kunye neencwadi 4 "Contemporary" ngo-1836.

Ziziphi iinjongo eziphambili Lyric Tyutchev? Kubaluleke kangakanani ingqiqo emsebenzini wakhe? In "Umjikelo Denisevsky" ziya kuqhutywa njengoko mzekelo kakuhle amazwi iimvakalelo kunye namava uTshawe kwisihobe kweli nqaku. Kungenxa kule misebenzi, ebandakanyiweyo kuwo, inkoliso ngokucacileyo kwaye ngokuchanekileyo idlulisele lyric ethile Tyutchev.

umfazi wokuqala

Tiutchev wemka eRussia Ndandineminyaka eyishumi elinethoba, ephuma eMunich. Apho wadibana Emilia Eleanor Botmer. Ngowe-1826, watshata waza wazala neentombi ezintathu kamva. Ekupheleni kuka-1837 Tiutchev wamiselwa unobhala abaphezulu eTurin. Ngaphambi koko, yena kunye nentsapho yakhe batyelela eRashiya. Ukusuka apho, umsebenzi omtsha Tiutchev wahamba yedwa, kodwa umfazi nabantwana bakhe ababesele ezandleni nezalamane. Ekuqaleni wayefuna ukuhlala kwindawo entsha. Eleanor neentombi zakhe ngomkhombe ngephenyane evela St. Petersburg. Hayi kude elunxwemeni Prussia ngebhaqo mlilo ebhodini. Le umkhumbi yahlaselwa. Eleanor baziphatha ngesibindi - abantwana kuhlangulwa. Noko ke, yonke impahla le ntsapho iye waya ezantsi. Kungekudala abaphethwe umfazi kukothuka Tiutchev zawela wagula kakhulu. Yena wafa ekupheleni kuka Agasti 1838. Ziyinkxwaleko ngenxa Fedor yaba intlungu enkulu. Apha lwanele athi yena icinyiwe izimvi ngokupheleleyo kwiminyaka eyi-35.

Iimvakalelo kwi imbongi

Amalungu "ubugcisa olunyulu" luphawulwa yinkcubeko aphezulu, unqulo lwemizekelo bafezeke umculo weklasiki, ukukrola, ukupeyinta. Bona lubonakala ngokuba njengeminqweno ukuthandana wa kwephupha ubuhle, umnqweno ukujoyina sublime, "abanye" ihlabathi. Ngokuhlalutya izibongo Tiutchev, kunokubonwa ukuba isimo sengqondo yokuluka lwabonakala emsebenzini wakhe. imisebenzi yakhe igcwele umdlalo enamandla, isandi tragical. Oku bonke ngenxa amava baye ebomini bam Tiutchev. Love imibongo ozelwe ngaphandle ukubandezeleka, iintlungu yokwenene, ukuzisola betyala, ilahleko noqhekeko.

"Umjikelezo Denisevsky"

Imisebenzi efakwe kuyo, ityhila lonke ngokuphuma of lyric Tiutchev kaThixo. Bona ingqalelo le mpumelelo iphezulu romanticism emsebenzini wakhe. Imisebenzi abazinikele ucinge ukuba imbongi sele kwenzeka kwiminyaka kamva ukuya Elene Denisevoy. romance ngazo iminyaka elishumi elinamine. Wagqibelisa ukufa Elena Alexandrovna of losetyenziso. Amehlo akhe zezwe ulwalamano elihlazo, "ongenamthetho". Ngoko ke, emva kokufa imbongi xa Denisiev waqhubeka ityala ngokwakhe okwabangela ukubandezeleka yomfazi ayithandayo, wasilela ukukhusela kuye kwetyala yabantu. ibonisa ngokucacileyo kakhulu iimvakalelo ezinzulu umbongo Tiutchev "Uthando Last":

Owu, kwicala iminyaka yethu
Gentle siyamthanda, ze ...
Ukhanye, ukhanye, savalelisa ukukhanya
Love ngongcwalazi yokugqibela ngokuhlwa!

Le force apho umtya kuchaphazela umfundi, lisekelwe ngokunyaniseka artlessness yokuvakalisa ngokuhlupheka iingcinga enzulu malunga transience ulonwabo kakhulu ezizodwa aphumileyo, ngelishwa, ngonaphakade. Uthando kule lyric Tyutchev ubonakala isipho njengowongamileyo, imfihlelo. Yinto ilawulwe, engaqhelekanga, imincili. Tayascheesya ezinzulwini komphefumlo umnqweno engacacanga ngequbuliso uyajika inkanuko Uyadubula. Self-umbingelelo nokuthantamisa ngokukhawuleza etshintsha abe "umlo sibi". Ukufa umfazi oyintanda ibango iminqweno, amaphupha. Imibala yobomi, ingakumbi eqaqambileyo, libunile nangoko. Konke oku ngokuchanekileyo echaziweyo isifaniso esebenzisa Tiutchev. Imibongo ngothando, apho umntu ufaniswa intaka enamaphiko ezaphukileyo, dlulisa nemvo Njengokungeniswa ukufelwa, induku nochuku.

Yayingubani Elena Deniseva imbongi?

Malunga lo mfazi - ezintsha, mfihlelo, uthando ibuhlungu yaye uyakuthanda Tiutchev - phantse nto iyaziwa. Yaye siyazi lukhulu. Elena Denisiev nguye oya kuyo imisebenzi ngaphezu elinesihlanu ababhala Tiutchev. imibongo yothando zanikezelwa lo mfazi waba ngokwenene wobugcisa, omnye okunqabileyo kakhulu kwi imibongo Russian classical ngenkulungwane ye-19. Loo inani imisebenzi - lukhulu kumfazi lowo omthandayo ngentliziyo. Kodwa yancinane exhwaneni ngokwabo iimvakalelo intliziyo overstrained. Ngexesha ubomi ixhoba sothando Elena, yaye emva kokufa kwakhe yaba ixhoba ngokwakhe Tiutchev. Mhlawumbi ke wamnika nantsingiselo kakhulu, kodwa zange akwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwakhe; ikhwele yakhe nokuthantamisa.

Ulwalamano ekukwenzeni imbongi

Ngelo kanye Tiutchev kwakukho imfuneko enkulu ngenxa yothando. Ngaphandle kokuba akukho ubomi, wayeqinisekile kuyo. Kodwa imfuneko kuba kwakungekho uthando olungaka nje ukuthandwa. Lo msebenzi, ebhaliweyo kunyaka-30 ( "Le yimini, ndikhumbula ..."), kwihlabathi elitsha kwavuleka ukuba imbongi. Ngokuba kuye, yaqala ubomi entsha ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa oku akuzange kwenzeke ngenxa yokuba uthando, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ndaziva wayemthanda. Oku kuqinisekiswa line yakhe:

"Uthando ukuvuma igolide
Kukhiwa libele ... "

Ihlabathi iye yatshintsha ngesiquphe xa imbongi bafunda olo thando. Nale amava imvakalelo uba ukunganeliseki eqondakalayo ngakumbi abo ndisebuthathaka kunye naye, usondele kuye. Ngokuba kuye, kwakukho ukunyaniseka, kodwa yena akazange kulawula ngaphandle yiMDC (kwakunye ukungcatshwa ukunyaniseka akabalahlanga). Umxholo uthando lyrics Tiutchev edibene idrama, ukuthembeka lobuxoki, nefuthe kunye nobunzulu imvakalelo. bonke badlula ubomi wembongi bona, nokuye kubonakala emsebenzini wakhe.

siyazazi zobunzima

Xa ingqalelo ekrakra of St George Tiutchev uthi, nangona uhlobo eliphezulu echaza Elena Alexandrovna, imibongo, akazange wabeka nesenti ngokubanzi kunye abakhe ngokukodwa. loo misebenzi kuphela Denisiev waqonda nixhamle, apho imbongi ubonisa indlela avakalelwa ngayo kuye, ukuthetha ngazo esidlangalaleni ngokuphandle. Oku, ngokwembono yakhe, yaba esibalulekileyo kuye - kwihlabathi liphela wayesazi ukuba oko kuye. Kwileta eya St George Tiutchev uthi isiganeko esenzeka ngayo abantu basetyhini. Denisiev wavakalisa umnqweno ukuba imbongi kakhulu yaqala ukupapashwa zasesekondari imisebenzi yakhe, bezixela ngelo xesha, ukuba iza kuyavuyisa ukubona igama lam emantloko ncwadi. Kodwa endaweni nendumiso, uthando nombulelo wembongi babengavumelani, ukuqonda umnqweno wakhe ethile akathandi. Wayevakalelwa kukuba le mfuneko ayikho onesisa kakhulu kuyo, ngenxa yokuba, besazi ukuba iqondo ubulungu (Elena wathi: "Wena yeyethu wam", ethetha ukuba imbongi), yena akazange kuninzi ukuba kusekho naziphi na ngohlobo eshicilelweyo iingxelo ubungqina bokuba ukuba singabakhubekisi abanye abantu.

ukufa Denisiev

Ukuzalana imbongi Elenoy Aleksandrovnoy ubukho kangangeminyaka elishumi elinamine. Ekupheleni kweli thuba Denisiev ubuhlungu. iileta ifudusiwe yabhalela udade wabo. In kubo ngokuba Fyodor Ivanovich "UThixo wam othandekayo." Bathetha malunga nento yokuba ehlotyeni yokugqibela yobomi Denisiev intombi yakhe, Lelia, phantse rhoqo ngokuhlwa kunye imbongi waya kukhwela siqithi, babuyela emva kwexesha. Elena yaye sibunandiphe, yaye ibuhlungu; kuba yena yedwa kwigumbi ukuvaleka okanye sisesisizwe esahluleleneyo naliphi lady onemfesane owayenqwenela ukumbona. Ngelo hlobo, ngoko kubhaliwe zazifuna amazwe. Petersburg Wayibamba - kulandela ukusuka imbalelwano kunye nomfazi wakhe wesibini. Kodwa apho, phesheya, yena wayiqonda ngesibetho; ngoko ke akukho nako ukuzifumana kuyo kanye phambi kokufa kwakhe. Kwiinyanga ezimbini emva kokufa St George Denisiev Tiutchev I wabhala ukuba kuphela kubomi Elena Alexandrovna yena umntu nje kuye nothando lwakhe kuphela xiya ngokwabo.

Ubomi Imbongi emva kokufa Elena Alexandrovna

Denisiev wafa ngo 1864, unyaka nge-4 Agasti. Ekuqaleni Oktobha, kwileta eya eSt George Tiutchev abhale malunga imvakalelo oluninzi "nendlala olambileyo." Akazange waphila, isilonda akazange aphilise. Waziva a jerk buhlungu, abahlala ngamampunge. Libonisa imibongo yothando Tiutchev. Zonke mibongo zibonisa umzabalazo esenzeka emva kokuba ilahleko. Nakuba kunjalo, kufuneka bathi ngeveki emva kokuba ileta eya eSt George Imbongi wabhala imigca esingelwe Akinfiev. Kodwa lo msebenzi kungaba kuphela kubonise imfuneko yokuba uluntu, ingakumbi abasetyhini, leyo, enyanisweni, zange ashiye Fedor ngonaphakade. Nangona le zizwana yangaphandle, uthando kunye nokungabi, amawa yanto ngaphakathi. Emva kokufa Denisiev Tyutchev uthando lyrics zibonisa sikaSara umphefumlo wakhe, ukudandatheka buthuntu kunye nokungakwazi ku tiva ngokwayo. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye ubomi ukubandezeleka, ukungakwazi ukuziva amandla wayechasa Denisiev. Konke oku kubonakala imigca wakhe 'kungekho kukhula ubuhlungu. "

Ekupheleni kukaJuni, Tiutchev wavuma kwileta eya eSt George ukuba usuku olunye kudlule ngaphandle azibuze ukuba abantu kuqhubeka bephila, nangona yena 'wazikrazula intliziyo kunye nentloko kunqunyulwa. " sele kudlule iminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu ukusukela ngomhla Denisiev yokufa. Ngelo hlobo, uye wakhumbula ukufa iminyaka emibini imitya zakhe ezilusizi. Ngo Petersburg ngoJulayi 15, wabhala: "Namhlanje, sele kudlule ngamnye iminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu ...". Okwesithathu Agasti Ovstug wabhala imigca malunga ubuzaza umthwalo wakhe lememori ngomhla sibi.

Intlungu ngemisebenzi imbongi

Tiutchev wawusondela nzima yonke imihla. izihlobo zakhe wabona ucaphuka imbongi: wayefuna novelwano ngakumbi naye. Kwenye incwadi uthetha luvo shakiness, ukungakwazi ukubamba ipeni ngesandla sakhe. Emva kwexesha elithile, imbongi ubhala malunga nendlela abantu ayinyamezeleki kwaye ecekisekayo bayakwazi sisinde bonke. Kodwa kwiinyanga ezintandathu kamva, kwindinyana ku Bludova wabhala ukuba "ukuze basinde - akuthethi ukuba ubomi." Kamva kwimigca bakhe, uya kuthetha ngokubandezeleka ezehlela umphefumlo wakhe.

Ukufa imbongi

Tiutchev zingumthwalo kwizinto ingcamango ukuya kwelinye. Wathi ukuba apho ke ngakumbi, nokuba waziva ngokucacileyo ngakumbi le yanto. Umfazi wakhe wesibini, wabhala ukuba amazwi uba nokuba kunzima ngakumbi; ukuluma yakhe ikhula le ukudinwa awayenalo emva zonke iinzame ukonwabisa thile ngokwabo. Kwadlula iminyaka. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, igama imbalelwano Elena Alexandrovna shwaka. Tiutchev kwafuneka aphile ixesha elide kakhulu. Imbongi wafa ngo-1873, ngoJulayi.

Uthando imibongo Tiutchev kule minyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe kuye kwaba njalo izele iimvakalelo. Xa yemida wayitshabalalisa kubafazi ezahlukeneyo (nakwiileta eziya Elena Uslar-Bogdanova, ngokuqhula isebenza kwi Grand neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya ilifa, madrigals ukuya Akinfevoy-Gorcchakova), kubonakaliswa i "zibonakalisa" kuphela, akhanya kunye amathunzi, umoya nokukhanya yokugqibela iimvakalelo ezinamandla kunye ezinzulu imbongi Elena Denisiev. kamva Bonke imibongo bakhe nje iinzame ukuba bazalise lilize zentliziyo, emva kokuphuma yomfazi wasithandayo yena.

"Umjikelo Denisevsky" - ilitye lesikhumbuzo umfazi engummangaliso

Elena waphefumlela iimbongi iminyaka elishumi elinamine. Kunzima ngoku kuligweba ubunzulu iimvakalelo kunye Tiutchev Denisiev omnye komnye. Ulwalamano lwabo kuthi engaqhelekanga, Akukwazi ukuba abaninzi. Kodwa lo thando ebomini imbongi bakhe. Kunzima kakhulu ukuba Elena Alexandrovna - kwiimeko ezinjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo alumeke ku hlamusela indoda nomfazi umtyholwa. Naphezu kwabo bonke ubunzima yobomi, ukuntsokotha, ezinye ngumbingelelo, ebuhlungu, yonke eyayibonisa uthando ngemibongo Tiutchev (iindinyana), kukho kwakugcwele ngemfesane, yokunqulwa nganye ezinye bengcangcazela. Imisebenzi yeli thuba wobugcisa lwembongi ngokwenene iincwadi ehlabathini.

The main iinjongo Lyric Tyutchev kunye Turgenev. Inkcazelo lokuthelekisa emfutshane

Features Tyutchev isihobe wabonakaliswa yokuba wayevakalelwa nti kunye lithemba, kwaye imeko zixakatha ulonwabo oluntu nokubandezeleka kuye. Kwaye yonke le drama yabhengezwa imigca esingelwe Denisiev. Yalahla kokuqwalaselwa emxinwa zesimo umfazi ayithandayo, ufuna ukutyhila cala yakhe yesazisi, ihlabathi wakhe ngaphakathi. Imbongi igxininisa inkcazelo ngamava abo ngokusebenzisa umthondo kufutshane ngokomoya kuloo mfazi. Ichaza iimpawu imvakalelo, kuveza ihlabathi wakhe ngaphakathi.

Yezengqondo makeup abazithanda "kumjikelo Denisevskom" kuyafana namaqhawekazi Turgenev kaThixo. Kwaye Turgenev, Tyutchev kunye nemvakalelo - "kumlo sibi". Kodwa ngeli xesha langoku zembali zentlalo moya wokuqala ngamnye kwisigaba kweemvakalelo. imeko Psychological, njengoko kubonisiwe kwi imisebenzi Turgenev, wabonisa umfanekiso yokwenene ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu sharing-50-60. kwavela ekuqondeni imbopheleleko sekile aphambili isiphelo yomfazi.

Xa kwiingcamango zakhe phezu inani kwabasetyhini, ubuntu babo, Tiutchev kufutshane Turgenev. Ngoko ke, lo ozithandayo kwi "kumjikelo Denisevskom" ifuze Heroine kwebali "kwiintlanganiso ezintathu". isimo sengqondo lwabafazi imisebenzi Fyodor Ivanovich ibonisa amava akhe hero kuphela jikelele kodwa amanene ezi 50, kuboniswe kwiingxelo ze kwixesha imisebenzi Ostrovsky, Goncharov, Turgenev. Phansi ubuntu kubonwa ukrakra self-nokugxekwa. Kwezinye iimeko, imigca ukuhlangabezana lwemibhalo ebonakalayo Tyutcheva kunye nemisebenzi Turgeneva apho babonisa uthando ukubandezeleka.

isiphelo

Fedor Ivaanovich Tyutchev uncome amandla ngaphakathi mfazi. Loo nto iphambili kuye. wabonakala kutshata nayo kwindinyana ngathi Heroine okwenyaniso uthando. Ngoko unelungelo layo ukuziva, ukuba alwe naye. Heroine uthando lwakhe utyhila ngokwayo, iimpawu zakho kunye amathuba. Ukuziva ngokwawo utyhila imbongi kunye namandla engaphakathi emntwini, nendlela sengqondo evelayo phakathi kwabantu, kodwa bawuthobele nempembelelo yoluntu.

Tiutchev amaqhawe - nabantu wonqanyulwa, ungabikho ebomini, yaye aqhelekileyo, abomeleleyo nababuthathaka ngexesha elinye, kodwa abakwazi ekucazululeni le tangle ephikisanayo. Uthando imibongo Tiutchev yenye imisebenzi emihle iincwadi Russian zemibongo. Xa imisebenzi yakhe ichaphazela ukuqhama ungaphelelwayo ulwimi Russian. Kunye nezi mpawu Tyutcheva ngokunxulumene ubuchule umbongo wayo ulukhuni.

UTolstoy, wayethetha imbongi uyakuqonda italente yakhe zobugcisa novakalelo bakhe myuziyam. Wabongoza ababhali abancinci bafunda obu buchule kakuhle bahlanganise ifomu kunye nesiqulatho. Izihloko izibongo Tiutchev ne ngakumbi entle, swi befumile ngokuhamba kwexesha. Not ipasiswe lilambathayo imbongi kunye namava ngokoqobo Russian. Ukugcwalisa xesha romanticism, imibongo yakhe Tiutchev idlula ngaphaya kwemida yawo. Abongile uba uhlobo kuzalwa ekuqaleni intshukumo ubugcisa evelayo Ekuveleni elinethoba kunye kwiinkulungwane omabini.