Lo moya Airbus-321: A Brief History and Overview

Ngenxa yeendleko lincinane ukugcinwa, ukulondolozwa kunye nokulungiswa, Airbus-321 moya, ezo iifoto ngezantsi, ukuba uba kuthandwa eliphezulu kakhulu phakathi ekhokela iinkampani ngenqwelomoya yehlabathi. Ukongeza, ngenxa fuselage evuthelweyo-moya ikwazi ukuthwala ebhodini yayo inani elikhulu abakhweli kuthelekiswa ukuguqulwa elidlulileyo. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu malunga nayo kuxoxwe ngakumbi.

Imbali emfutshane

Umsebenzi lo msebenzi le nqanawa intsha yasungulwa ngo-1989. Umsebenzi ophambili eyathi yabekwa phambi abayili ezingeni yoyilo le, ukuqinisekisa ukhuphiswano olufanelekileyo American -moya iBoeing-757. Isiseko koyilo yeemveliso ezintsha wabeka imodeli 320th. Kwangaxeshanye, ababhekisi inatyiselwa eemitha ezisixhenxe fuselage Airbus-321. moya endlwaneni, ngenxa yoko, uye waba banzi kakhulu ngakumbi. Ukongeza, inkampani evelisa iinjineli yaxhobisa imodeli kunye neeyunithi injini enamandla ngakumbi, nto leyo iphucula uluhlu yokubhabha. Iinguqu zenziwa kunye iphiko, nto leyo ukumelana umthwalo omkhulu kakhulu kuneyokuqala.

Uguqulelo bt-moya wafumana igama elithi "100" kwi kwisihloko. Lo moya test lazibophelela 11 Matshi kunyaka 1993. Kwiinyanga ezimbini kamva umoya uvukile kokulungiswa, baxhotyiswa injini enamandla ngakumbi. Kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinesibhozo emva inqwelo-moya wadlula certification. Ebutsheni bowe-1995, lo moya weza abathengi yokuqala abaye baba iziphathi ezifana Alitalia (Italy) kunye షేక్స్పియర్ William (Germany). Emva koko, saqalisa umsebenzi phezu kwako elitsha - Airbus-321-200. I ezintsha ifumene amatanki amafutha ezongezelelweyo, okunyuke ubuninzi flight uluhlu ka 4500 ayi 5550. moya wayo wokuqala ukusebenza ngo-1996.

incazelo jikelele

Ngokwawo, lo moya medium-uluhlu umkhweli airliner, imveliso ogama akayeki namhlanje. ibandla model, ngokungafaniyo nezinye iinqwelo- ye Airbus, senziwe phakathi komzi German ka Hamburg, hayi French Toulouse. Ukususela namhlanje, sele iqokelelwe iikopi ezingaphezu kwe-700 ka-moya. Kulo mzekelo, ukuziswa ezilindelekileyo unamalunga eliwaka kweeyunithi kwixa elizayo, lo moya ezahlukeneyo ehlabathini.

Model Airbus-321 iyilelwe ukwenza ukuya kubantu 220 kwiiklasi omnye okanye emibini. Ukuba kuyimfuneko uluhlu ngohambo iikhilomitha ukuya ku 5.600, inani abakhweli liye lancitshiswa 170. Le ntaka ifakwe iingcango abakhweli-amathandathu zokuphuma ngexesha likaxakeka esibhozo, apho ibekwe phezu ngapha nangapha fuselage yayo.

Okwangoku, imodeli isetyenziswa ziinkampani ezininzi ehlabathini; ngokuba lwabiwo-mali, kwaye iinqwelo-moya charter. Akumangalisi oku, ngenxa yokuba lo moya yeyona anoqoqosho ngokwemigaqo yenkonzo kwintsapho yayo yonke. Ixabiso le-uguqulelo cheap ye iqala bakhe uphawu million 110,1 US zeerandi.

salon

Njengoko umgangatho, i Airbus-321 airliner cabin scheme ubonelela izihlalo-185. Kulo mzekelo, 16 kubo bangamalungu eklasini ishishini. Olu hlobo uqwalaselo xa moya charter zingatshintshwa ngumthengi. Ngokukodwa, inqanawa exhobele zothutho lula abantu 220, kodwa kulo mzekelo, bonke abakhweli fly iklasi economy. Akukho mathandabuzo ukuba izihlalo eziphambili ibekwe kwiklasi yokuqala. Ke nelungiselelo yokuhlala, yinto eyahlukileyo iindiza ezahlukeneyo.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Ubude moya lilonke kweemitha 44,51, lo gama umda amaphiko ayo - 34.1 eemitha. Eli qela iquka abantu ababini - i pilot kunye nomncedisi wakhe. Isantya ingami Airbus-321 ilingana 840 km / h. Ke ukuba amafutha, inqanawa kuthatha umlinganiselo iilitha 2900 of separafini ngeyure ye-flight. -Moya mayixhotyiswe nenkqubo yolawulo yedijithali, kwakunye avionics EFIS (ezifana asetyenziswe ukuguqulwa 320th). siphu- fanekiso nazo ezenziwe izinga lengxolo yaye ukukhutshwa emoyeni kwezinto eziyingozi. Lo moya kwendawo iphezulu kweemitha 11.800, kunye nomgama - 5950 leekhilomitha.

Ingozi enkulu

ngozi inkulu lenzekile eli airliner Airbus-321 e Pakistan July 28, 2010. Ke emkhombeni inombolo yesiriyeli 1218, eyakhutshwa ngo-2010, ukwenza flight zasekhaya phakathi emizini Karachi kunye Islamabad. Le kwendiza ngexesha igqampe indlela ngo 9:45 kusasa ngexesha sendawo. Oyena nobangela ntlekele, leyo koko wababulala bonke abantu 152 ebhodini, iimeko ezinzima zemozulu zaye zachongwa ngenxa yophando. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngelo xesha inqanawa yakwazi ukuba bawathathe ngokuba ngaphezulu kwama-34 amawaka iiyure, bemthomalalisile ngaphezu kwama-13 amawaka moya.

ukuguqulwa Last

Ukongeza iinguqulelo ezimbini ezinkulu, apho thina ngazo ngaphambili, kukho olunye uhlobo lwale Airbus-321. Izimvo ngabameli ezininzi iinkampani zayo zokusebenza neengcali ungqinile phambi kwimarike yokubanga eliphezulu iimoto ezininzi amafutha-efanelekileyo. Kulo mba, uhlobo zaphuculwa yemodeli, esavela kwisihloko yokumakisha «Neo» yasungulwa. abathengi bakhe bakwazi ukukhetha phakathi kwezityalo amandla amatsha amabini.

Ngamnye kubo a amafutha amancinci, xa kuthelekiswa ne-Standard, yaye ngenxa yoko ke umgama ukubhabha nqanawa liye landa nge phantse ophosa. Ukongeza, izinto amaphiko ezintsha ngohlobo lookrebe fin, into leyo eyenza igalelo ukusebenza best ashukimisayo. Passenger umthamo we-moya liye lantinga laya kubantu-235 (udidi zokuhamba kwezoqoqosho kuphela). Kulindeleke ukuba ukuxhatshazwa izinto ezintsha ziya kuqalisa ngo-2016. Ukususela namhlanje, Airbus ifumene odolo ngaphezu kwama-500 kwezi iinqwelo-.