Lermontov Self: The Story of a laphu

Nawuphi umfanekiso, eyenziwe igcisa - nokuba ekwindla landscape, ulwandle uvuthuzayo, okanye umzobo ibhinqa eliselula - uthwala iimpawu bulityalwe ngayo uMdali, akubona ukuba into kubonisiwe. Ngale ndlela, bonke lwezobugcisa luluvo kunye impressionistic. Njengoko for self-ekumeni, ngoko xa wadala ukujongwa esiphezulu. Engaqondanga okanye ngabom opeyintayo kuzisa ukuba Isinikezeli ukuba bangaphandle igcina ingaziwa. Kungenxa yoko le nto self-portraits kwindawo yokuqala utsale ingqalelo ezobugcisa kwinto exabisekileyo, ukuba ukufana epheleleyo kunye woqobo yangaphandle (visual) kunye neemvakalelo nezicwangciso zasekhaya.

Lermontov-landscape

Isibakala sokuba Lermontov wabhala lo mfanekiso, siyazi ngokude hayi bonke. Ngokutsho encyclopedia eyayinikelwe umsebenzi imbongi, uthando ngenxa yokudweba kutyhilwa nangoku ukususela besebancinane. umfanekiso Lermontov njengoko inkwenkwe kwiminyaka emibini ibonisa ukuba nokuba ke wayezama uzobe into kwi misongo. Noko ke, inkoliso ngokupheleleyo esi sipho wabonakalaliswa ngexesha ireferensi eCaucasus kuqala. Ukujolisa kwindlela Rembrandt, Lermontov wadala imizobo malunga imfazwe, eni, yaye, ke, indawo. uhlobo Last kakhulu zimelwe kwi ilifa entle wembongi.

Njengoko unokuthekelela, kuba umhlaba lo mbandela wakhonza nje emangalisayo uhlobo eCaucasus. Fumana ubuncinane womzobo "kungqonge lali Karaagach". Lenza zonke iinkalo ngendlela wobugcisa Lermontov, ukususela umbala ukubengezela amalungiselelo athile amanani kunye ephela bezibona ezizodwa zemvelo, kuboniswe emfanekisweni. Lo msebenzi osemqoka yokugqibela akulula kwaye ibongoza ukuba ongenantandabuzo kunokuba inkolelo efanele.

Lermontov-ngobude

Xa kuthelekiswa imizobo yendalo, umfanekiso ilifa imbongi na inani elincinci kwemisebenzi. Phakathi kwabo - i-self-elichaza Lermontov kwi yokwaleka, umfanekiso Faith Lopukhina S. A. Raevskogo, AI Odoevskogo lemifanekiso (uluhlu umfanekiso ezingaphelelanga). Imbongi sashiya eminye imizobo oyile nemizobo emininzi. Abaphandi uqaphele ukuba portraits ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ingqiniseko engqondweni ukuba nyikela isiqalo indlela entsha art - ngokoqobo.

iimeko zobomi

Izazinzulu yomhla le self-mfanekiso konyaka Lermontov ka-1837. Le ngelaphu wadalwa ngexesha ehleli yokuqala imbongi eCaucasus, apho waye wathunyelwa ngenxa kumbongo wakhe "Ukufa imbongi." Ibhalelwe M. Yu. Lermontov self-elichaza Varvare Lopuhinoy; ngokuba lowo yokuba unobubele. Umzala yesibini wembongi, Akim Pavlovich Shang Giray, ndingqinile, ukuba lo mnqweno ukuze uthando Lopukhina Lermontov zange ashiye de kwasekupheleni kobomi bakhe.

transfer ngelaphu kwenzeka Juni 1838 - ngaphambi kokuba uBarbara eJamani. Ukusuka apho ke wathumela self-Mfanekiso Lermontova A. M. Vereshchagin, olirhamente wakhuthaza nayiphi na kwimisebenzi yakhe yendalo - imizobo, umculo kunye nemibongo. Ibali ephula ngelaphu: kwakucingwa ukuba ulahlekelwe ngonaphakade kule minyaka ingama-80 izayo, kangangokuba waba ixesha elide bathembele ikopi yayo yenziwe OA Kochetova ngo-1880.

Inkcazelo womfanekiso

Self Lermontov 1837 ithumba umfana enxibe iyunifomu le Nizhny Novgorod webutho. Emagxeni akhe aphoswe phezu burka, zibekwe phezu kwesifuba namabhanti iCartridge, kwaye esandleni imbongi ugcina ikrele lakhe. Imvelaphi unguye eCaucasus Mountains, la aseleyo phakathi ukukhunjulwa uMikhail Yurevich mkhondo eziphathekayo, nangona abazithandayo umbono iinyanga Lermontov sikwazi nje ezimbalwa.

Kwicala reverse womfanekiso kukho umbhalo in German elibhekisela umdali emfanekisweni. Kakade ke, lo efanelekileyo ukusuka kwindawo Ngenxa wezobugcisa, noziqulathe-umzobo Lermontov ayikwazi kubizwa ngokuba. Abahlalutyi zange bafune ziphene kuyo ngathi ezandleni embi umkhondo. Nakuba kunjalo, ukuba kubalulekile, xa kukho uxwebhu ebalulekileyo ebonisa ukuba Lermontov nayo ngelo xesha? Innocent, uhlobo, ubuso into njengabantwana kunye esisifu, buhlungu, ibinzana zibuhlungu kwamehlo - uhlobo lwe idayari Imbongi lyric ngayo. A ilebhile ezenzelwe loo mfazi wayemthanda yena, ngoku ikhangeleka ngathi umahluko xa kuthelekiswa corny-museum "Lermontov" Self-mfanekiso "(lemifanekiso, 1837)."

Imizobo Eminye imbali

Zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini isathe i kwimbali ye self-umzobo wembongi. Ekugqibeleni kwabakho ngelaphu awayesibawela: ngo-1955 oko yathi yathengwa unjingalwazi waseJamani Winkler. Lermontov Self waqalisa besuka kwesinye isandla de kwiminyaka-7 emva umqala, akazange aphume ke ngoko Federal Republic of Germany ukuya kwilizwe, ukuze uvuyo olukhulu abalandeli bakhe.

Imbongi phezu imizobo abaculi ezahlukeneyo

Kakade ke, lo self-elichaza Lermontov, ukuxelwa esele uchazwe apha ngasentla, asiyiyo umfanekiso kuphela wembongi. Le ngelaphu yokuqala ebonisa uMikhail Yurevich, ingqalelo ukuzoba yi Njengegcisa ayaziwa, mhlawumbi serf, ngubani bafudukela umphandle iphepha umntwana oneminyaka emine. Eyesibini kwakhona umfanekiso imbongi sitsala umntwana. Isinikezeli Umbhali eboniswa inkwenkwe Ilula ezilungisiweyo kunye iinwele echazwayo. Abanye abagxeki baye babuza sokunyaniseka mfanekiso, kodwa ukufana yayo kumfanekiso yokuqala Lermontov kunye iinkumbulo umzalwana imbongi ibonisa nje eyahlukileyo.

Le ukupeyinta, nto leyo yayiza kufakwa Lermontov ngexesha izifundo zakhe e Moscow, akukho. Kuphela ngo-1834, xa watshintshelwa lesigodlo, uninakhulu wayalela umzobo nomzukulwana wakhe. Kukho inkanuko oyindlela embellish ethile ebe yimbongi. Ngelo xesha elifanayo mfanekiso credible hayi nje kuphela ngenxa zifana okulungileyo lokuqala, kodwa waphawula ngokuchanekileyo Lermontov imo, indlela kwamehlo akhe.

Luphawu eyaziwa yaba umfanekiso imbongi wenza utitshala wakhe yokudweba Zabolotskikh. Le artist wayengekho inkosi enkulu, kodwa wenza lo mfanekiso ubonisa ulwazi kakuhle uhlobo Lermontov. Kukwanjalo ke eminye imifanekiso wembongi, ezihlobeneyo ngokugqibeleleyo ukuqonda kwethu kuyo.