Le nkwenkwezi inkulu kumnyele wethu iMilky Way

Phakathi zonke waphawula imizimba yasezulwini kunzima kakhulu ukumisela ukuba ngowuphi na nkwenkwezi inkulu kumnyele wethu. Oku kubandakanya imigama elikhulu isithuba nezintsonkothe imigqaliselo uhlahlelo elandelayo lwe data. Okwangoku, oosonzululwazi baye bakwazi ukubona kunye nerejista nama-50 ezigidi iinkwenkwezi. zobuchwepheshe kwenza kube lula ukuba ukuhlola kwiimbombo kude kwendawo yonke, kunye nokufumana ulwazi olutsha malunga izinto.

Evaluation and search supergiants in space

ukusetyenziswa Modern e ukuhlolwa lijongene rhoqo ngemibuzo emininzi. Isizathu soku ubungakanani omkhulu wendalo obonakalayo, malunga elinesine billion ukukhanya-iminyaka. Ngamanye amaxesha, ebukele iinkwenkwezi, kunzima ukuqikelela umgama ukuya kuyo. Ngoko ke ngaphambi kokuba uwuthumele indlela ekhangela kwinkcazelo yintoni na nkwenkwezi inkulu kumnyele wethu, kuyimfuneko ukuba uqonde izinga ukuntsonkotha esweni bezinto isithuba.

Eku sunguleni, phambi ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, kwakukholelwa ukuba kumnyele wethu yedwa. eminye iminyele Kubonakala njengamalungu mafu. Kodwa Edvin Habbl kubethwa elihlazo ehlabathini yokufunda. Wathi ukuba iintlobo ngeentlobo iminyele, neyethu ayikho kwelikhulu.

Space aku- enkulu

Umgama ukuya iminyele elikufutshane zinkulu. Fikelela amakhulu ezigidi zeminyaka. Kuba akhona kuyingxaki ukuqonda oko nkwenkwezi inkulu kumnyele wethu. Ngoko, kwelinye iminyele kunye iitriliyon zeenkwenkwezi, kumgama ikhulu nesigidi ukukhanya-iminyaka, eyona nto kunzima ukutsho. Uphononongo wavula izakhiwo ezitsha. iinkwenkwezi bafumanisa zithelekiswa kwaye nizazi ezizodwa kakhulu mkhulu.

Supergiant kwi umlaza Scutum

Igama iinkwenkwezi ezinkulu kumnyele wethu - uy Shield, a supergiant ebomvu. Le nkwenkwezi bume, ubungakanani eyahlukileyo kuleyo 1700 ukuya 2000 Sun ngobubanzi.

ingqondo yethu akanako ukuba bangenise yobukhulu efanayo. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo ezinkulu indlela inkwenkwezi inkulu kumnyele, ukuze xa kuthelekiswa amaxabiso kuyaqondakala kuthi. Thelekisa, inkqubo yethu ilanga liya kukwenza. ubungakanani inkwenkwezi leyo kakhulu kangangokuba ukuba ibekwe phezu kweendawo zonke iLanga wethu, umda supergiant iphezu ukujikeleza iSaturn ngayo.

Kwaye iplanethi yethu noMars liya kuba phakathi kweenkwenkwezi. Umgama kule "silo" indawo imalunga 9600 kukukhanya-iminyaka.

Le nkwenkwezi inkulu kumnyele, iMilky Way - uy Shield - ngaba kuphela phantsi kwemiqathango ethile kuqwalaselwa "ngukumkani." Izizathu zisekuhleni kanye. Omnye wabo - oku a imigama enkulu yesiqalo nothuli cosmic, nzima idatha echanekileyo. Enye ingxaki ezinxulumene ngqo ne iipropati emzimbeni supergiants. Enobubanzi izihlandlo 1700 ezinkulu kunokuba umzimba wethu wasezulwini, inkwenkwezi inkulu kumnyele wethu njengokuba omkhulu njengokuba kude nje 7-10 kuye. Kubonakala ukuba supergiant lexinene kwesigidi phindwe kane emoyeni ngeenxa zonke kuthi. mninzi yawo ifana koMhlaba kwintaba ephakame oziikhilomitha ezimalunga nekhulu ngentla komgangatho wolwandle. Ngoko ke, oko kuyingxaki ngokwaneleyo ukuze ngqo apho iinkwenkwezi kufikelela kumda ekupheleni kwaye iqala "umoya" yayo.

Okwangoku, inkwenkwezi inkulu kumnyele wethu uhlala ekupheleni komjikelo ubomi babo. Wayinabisa (inkqubo efanayo kuya kwenzeka kunye ilanga lethu ekupheleni kwemvelo) kunye nesiqalo ukutshisa asebenzayo helium kunye nezinye izinto nzima ngaphezu hydrogen. Emva kweminyaka million embalwa inkwenkwezi inkulu kumnyele - uy Shield - aya kujika abe supergiant etyheli. Kwaye kwixesha elizayo - in a eqaqambileyo blue variable, kwaye ngokunjalo inkwenkwezi Wolf - Rayet.

Kunye "ukumkani" - uy supergiant ikhaka - onokubonwa malunga ezilishumi iinkwenkwezi kunye nemilinganiselo efanayo. Ezi ziquka vy Canis Majoris, Cepheus A, NML Cygni, buyelwe G64 uV kunye nabanye.

Kwakusazeka ukuba zonke iinkwenkwezi bakhulu mifutshane, bazigqwethele kakhulu. Ezi iinkwenkwezi zikhona kwizigidi zeminyaka, iminyaka eliwaka embalwa, nesiphelo umjikelo wobomi kwayo supernova okanye umngxuma emnyama.

Le nkwenkwezi inkulu kumnyele: uphendlo iyaqhubeka

, Ngaba sicingela ukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukuqonda kwethu enokwenzeka supergiants parameters ziya kwahluka ukusuka ngaphambili ingxelo ukugcina utshintsho kakhulu kule minyaka engamashumi amabini edlulileyo. Kwaye mhlawumbi, enye supergiant, kunye ubunzima ngakumbi okanye ubungakanani ziya kuvulwa kule minyaka izayo. A kuvulwa kuqubisana entsha izazinzulu ukuphonononga le mfundiso yamkelwe ngaphambili kunye neenkcazelo.