Le lizama umboleki - Theory and Practice

Wonke, njengoko bekhula, kwathi lithathelwe kwezentlalo, eyothi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo nobudlelwane kwezentlalo, kwezoqoqosho kunye nezinye. Ukususela kwiminyaka ethile, akanako ukutyelela iivenkile, zithengise ukutya, waba umthengi ngqo, kumthengi imveliso. I omdala umntu uba, amaga uluhlu iimveliso, leyo kuthiwa ukuthenga. I eliphezulu kwaye uzinze ngaphezu kwayo imeko yemali, kokukhona izicelo zayo kunye neemfuno ezahlukeneyo, i ebanzi amathuba yayo evenkileni. Kulo mba, amaphononongo zoqoqosho wasebenzisa ibinzana ezifana balance yabathengi.

Yintoni ifakiwe kule mbono? Ngokommiselo, intsalela umboleki - uhlobo lwe indawo eluncedo liphezulu iimpahla ezithengiweyo kubo. Ngokomzekelo, umntu ofumana imali ethile, zibalulwe isixa esithile semali. Inxalenye yale mali a nga tirhisa ukuthenga ezinye izinto, umzekelo, isuti. Yesinxibo yena ufuna ubungakanani ethile, into ethile isimbo, umbala, umenzi. izinto Price fixed - umsebenzisi akanokukwazi tirhisa ku ukuthenga ngaphezu koko abelwe ukusuka imali ekhoyo. Kwaye ke intsalela umboleki umzuzu xa elinye iyantlukwano yemveliso uya kufumana lowo uya kudibana nazo zonke iimfuno zakhe, ukwanelisa zombini ixabiso kunye nomgangatho eziphathekayo, ukuthunga, kanye njengokuba into yokuba ahlale kuyo, indlela ekulula ngayo uya kukwazi ukuthatha naye aphume ivenkile, njl Oko kukuthi, xa umboleki uyaqonda ukuba le yeyona nto - oko kufuneka, xa kufuneka yaye kangakanani alisweleyo. Xa uthenga le mveliso, uya kufumana isiphumo ulwaneliseko ngendlela noko ukuba bachithe imali yabo, bachithe imali yabo.

Lizama Umboleki iveze quadratic iqhezu, apho elingezantsi iya kuba MU bume ebonisa eluncedo abekelwe yazo naziphi na iimpahla, kwaye kwinani elingaphezulu kwe-P-bume, ebonisa ixabiso labo. Kwaye ngoko MU1 kuyibiza njengoko P1 MU2 - to P2, kwaye inani elingachazwanga amaxesha ukusukela.

Ngokwendalo, imeko kuvuselele umboleki kufuneka ukuba ezinye ezifuneka:

1. oko kuyimfuneko ukuba impahla okanye impahla leyo izuza umntu, kuyahambisana-mali wayo, ie aba ekuthiwa- line mali ;
2. iimpahla zorhwebo kunye neenkonzo, izixhobo kunye nezinye iimpahla, umsebenzisi uyakwazi ukufumana, khetha indibaniselwano kakhulu ngokupheleleyo oyifunayo.

Term lizama ye kujongano yabathengi kunye nenye ingqiqo - curve ngabandayo. Phantsi kwalo ngabo iimpahla, iinkonzo, njl, ezo mhlawumbi angafumanekiyo umthengi ethile okanye na ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zalo ngamnye, yaye ke ngoko kubangela kuphela umdla buso okanye musa esingenakubangela naliphi na konke konke. Okanye kusenokwenzeka kubonisa ukuba umntu ufuna ukuthenga, ukuba imali yakhe ukukhawulelana nezo mfuno. Kwaye ukuba aguqulele lobudlelwane zibe umsebenzi kwishedyuli, imigca emibini, ukutsho oko, kwigophe ngabandayo kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, ukunika umfanekiso ochanekileyo indlela nga nkulu inzuzo lwabathengi kunye ulwaneliseko iimpahla ezithengiweyo, njl yinxalenye kuphela lwabiwo-mali lwalo. Ngokukhethekileyo, kuyaqondakala ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: umntu ingeniso evela lwabiwo awayeluceba - nokuba usapho, inyanga okanye iveki - phezu meko. Izinto ezithengwe kwi-mali, ukuba emibini okanye ezimbini okulungileyo ezahlukeneyo. Zezoqoqosho, abacwangcisi, esebenza indlela yonxulumano market, kubalulekile ukubala le meko, kuba naliphi meko umboleki uyithathaphi eluncedo ubuninzi kwezo iimpahla ezithengiweyo kwi mali yazo.

Kutheni na oko? Okokuqala, ukuze balungiselele kakuhle iiklasi kunye phakathi abathengi ngokweemfuno zabo kunye nezinto ezinokwenzeka. Okwesibini, ukuba bazalise imfuneko emarikeni ngomzuzu impahla ukuqikelela iimfuno olunokwenzeka kwixesha elizayo. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, ukugcina inkqubo echanekileyo amaxabiso, awanyakazela ngayo iimveliso ziya ebiyizuzile, abavelisi, abalamleli, njl alihlali isiphukuphuku