Kwamadoda, yintoni na? Kukho iikhonsepthi ezimbini ezisisiseko

Abakhulu - ntoni na? Esikolweni Ndikhumbula ukuba nako kube matriarchy, yaye oko kuthetha alternating ukongama abanye phezu kwabanye - amadoda phezu nabafazi, kwaye vice versa.

iimpawu uphawu ulawulo kwabantu

Amandla umntu ezinye iingcaciso, umzekelo, okanye androkratiya andrarhiya, leyo zonke ukuphakama efanayo ngokungagungqiyo abantu, ngokunjalo ngamadoda. Yintoni na - ngamandla uyise (ngokuba translation ethile) okanye isakhiwo lwentlalo eluntwini apho onke amandla buzinze ezandleni sex ngakumbi? Zombini. Loo uhlobo wentlangano zentlalo, xa umntu yinkokeli okanye "isiqalelo elibalaseleyo," uye iimpawu zayo luphawu lakhe, umz, patrilineal apho yonke into, kuquka ilifa, kwicala zooyise. Patrilocality okanye xa indawo ahlala kuyo ilungu ngalinye lentsapho umiselwa indoda. Inxalenye yokuqala elithi, "Patrie" libonisa ebusa kusoloko indoda, kwaye nkqu polygyny, apho eninzi yabafazi, onke amandla nto ngezandla zakhe.

Ngamadoda nje ingqondo zabantu

Kodwa ke entsatsheni enye, baze ngamadoda isikali sesizwe - loo nto? It is a yoluntu, nto leyo sizalwa ideology isini, xa inkwenkwe ekhulela kunye ingqikelelo ukungalingani ngokwesini kunye igunya eyindoda njengokuba into ethathwa lula xa onke amalungelo, kuquka ilungelo lokukhetha lonke uxanduva, izigqibo kunye noxanduva lwabo kubulawa, eyakho ebantwini. Kuluntu mihla, uhlobo oluthile ngamadoda kunokuba efihliweyo, oko azibhengezwanga ngurhulumente, kodwa kangangamawaka eminyaka liqulunqe imigaqo kobudlelwane ngokwesini, imilinganiselo yokuziphatha ebekwe phantsi abantu kumgangatho ienjini.

Ukubaluleka zonqulo yekota

Noko ke, ufundisiso, lo gama iyasetyenziswa kungekuphela ukubhekisela concepts yokuziphilisa Orthodox yenye ilizwi ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo ngokuqhelekileyo. Ngengqiqo yonqulo, ngamadoda, oko kukuthi? Oku isithetha-ntonye segama ibandla. Kula maxesha ethu, njengokuba kwi pre-Petrine (ukumkani enkulu ububhangisile ngubhishophu, yaye eli ziko sele kwakhona ngenxa yesigqibo weNgingqi Council of 1917-18). Wakhethwa Tikhon, awonisa ibandla de-1925. Uvavanyo gama libhekisela inkqubo yokwakha igunya ibandla oluneqela elinegunya. Ngokubanzi, okokuqala eRashiya ngubhishophu omkhulu yaqaliswa ngo- 1589, kunye nentloko wokuqala isonto uYobhi. Kumaxesha Soviet, lo labefundisi yahlaziyelwa ngo-1943, ebudeni bemfazwe. USergiyo Stragorodsky iphethwe kwiCawa Orthodox Russian de-1944, apho wafela khona.

ezihlangwini wayo, Alexios ndachitha yonke nasekuxinweni waba njengomzi ongqingiweyo waza wanikwa imbasa "ukuziphendulela Leningrad". Igama lakhe ehlabathini - SV Simansky, le Moscow labefundisi, wayevela 1945 de kwasa ekufeni kwakhe ngowe-1970 Zonke kwizahluko ezilandelayo i ROC wenza konke okusemandleni ukuze ukuvuselela kobuOthodoki impilo yokomoya yesizwe. Ukususela ngo-1971, ikhokelwa ngu MP Pimen ehlabathini Sergey Mihaylovich Izvekov, owafa ngowe-1990. Kuye kwafakwa Aleksey Mihaylovich Ridiger, owaba njengomphathi ngo 1990 phantsi kwegama Alexy II. intloko sangoku MP yi KIRILL ukususela ngo-2009 (ehlabathini Gundyaev Vladimir Mihaylovich).

autocephaly enkulu

patriarchates ezinkulu Orthodox (ezidweliswe diptych njengako) - eConstantinople, Alexandria, Antiyokwe, iYerusalem eMoscow kunye nenani autocephalous (self-eziqulethwe ngaphakathi bengatshatanga, umzekelo, Bulgarian, IsiHungarian, njl ...), Churches, ikakhulu elime kule imimandla zamazwe zeMpuma Yurophu, zonke bendawonye (kwaye kukho igosa-15 kuphela) ezi iBandla Orthodox.

Kakade ke, kukho ezininzi iicawa ukuba wemka kwimfundiso, kodwa ngokwembali bamanywe kuye, ezifana "Calendarists Old Greek" okanye "Russian isithethe Church" - kukho ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, kodwa akukho patriarchates Orthodox.

Elinye igama ROC

I-Russian Church Orthodox yeyona inkulu ekhoyo amabandla autocephalous yasekuhlaleni. Kwi indawo enkulu Russia kukho 136 dioceses. Ngaphandle kwazo kukho ezininzi elinesibini stavropegic, equka yoonongendi, eMonastri, abazalwana kunye icawa, phantsi ngqo usolusapho (kukowuphi umzekelo apho kuthiwa svyaschennoarhimandritom) kwaye musa ixhomekeke abasemagunyeni Diocesan. Kwaye yonke le mfumba unalo igama elahlukileyo igosa - le Moscow labefundisi, okanye MP. Lowo uhamba yesihlanu kuluhlu lwamagama lwabhiyozelwa kwi inkonzo - le diptych, elivunywe bonke njengoko osemthethweni iCawa Orthodox eziphefumlelweyo kuphela kummandla yamazwe ico. Kunika umdla ukuqaphela ukuba phambi lePalamente kunye Moscow labefundisi phambi 2000 zaye magama kunye binzana. Ngoku Moscow labefundisi imele onke amaziko ziqhutywa ngqo kasolusapho. I Moscow labefundisi ayibandakanyi amakholwa Old, Russian Orthodox Ukuzilawula Church (ROAC) kunye neCawa Orthodox Russian ongaphandle Russia (ROCOR). E Moscow labefundisi uxwebhu oluphambili - Charter of the Russian Church Orthodox. Uyatsho ukuba igunya liphezulu nolawulo yecawa ke iBhunga Local, iBhunga Bishops kunye Sinodi oyiNgcwele, nto leyo ikhokelwe uMphathi eMoscow All Russia.