Kidney nephrosclerosis ( "kwizintso isivumelwano"): oonobangela, iimpawu, iimpawu, isifo kwaye afumane unyango

Esi sifo nephrosclerosis, kudala wahlala ngaphandle ingqalelo yezonyango. De ngenkulungwane XIX, kwakungekho inkcazo epheleleyo kuyo. kokugula Independent, yena zithathwa kwamashumi amathathu kuphela kamva, xa kukho ulwazi malunga umyalezo. Esi sifo sibangelwa yi umonakalo ezincinane imvelaphi ngokoyiswa cholesterol yabo. abantu abane akusoloko intle. Izigulane ezininzi emva kwikhondo unyango kufuneka ukujongana iingxaki ezifana ubumfama, kwekhono le ventricles intliziyo. Kukugcina ukomelela komzimba, kwiimeko ezinjalo ifuna wokuhlanjululwa engxamisekileyo igazi enziwe.

ireferensi yokwakheka: kidney nephrosclerosis

Yintoni na? Esi sifo, apho izinto eqhubayo indawo ilungu (parenchyma) kwizicwili. Le yokugqibela udlala indima yokuba lokufaka cala, kodwa imisebenzi esisiseko awathathe. Ukuze siyiqonde kakuhle eli inkqubo lwezidumbu, nceda thelekisa ku uncedo yokwakheka.

Izintso zidityaniswe ilungu ukuba imilo iimbotyi. Kwindawo engundoqo ye kucingwa ukuba parenchyma, apho umchamo abembumbile. Kwakhona, ithetha ukuba i icandelo ebalulekileyo indebe kunye lohanochki leyo zenza yonke isixokelelwano ukulungiselela ukugcinwa kunye zinomgutyulo koko umchamo. Yokuhluza kwenziwa nephrons parenchyma. Zonke umzimba sezintso odityanisiweyo nothungelwano olubanzi iinqanawa ezincinane eyayizalwa ukusuka kwemithambo engundoqo.

Izintso enze imisebenzi emininzi, kuquka:

• Renin ezwi - into eziphembelela imeko emithanjeni;
• kukhuthaza izinto eziyingozi;
• Ukugcina izinga acid;
• imveliso erythropoietin, kuxhomekeke ngqo kwinkqubo hematopoiesis.

Le nsimbi ivumela izintso ningathandabuzi ukubaluleka kwabo kumsebenzi yonke eziphilayo. Ngoko, naziphi na iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo kule ndawo kungaba nefuthe elibi kwimpilo yabantu.

Nephrosclerosis sezintso - ntoni na?

Le nkqubo zilandelelana endaweni parenchyma sezintso ngu kwizicwili, kukhokelela kukuba kubekho ukuncipha (imibimbi) ubukhulu Body kunye nokuncitshiswa kusebenziso. Ukuba washiya lunganyangwa, unako ukuza ukumisa ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza.

Kuqala kwakukholelwa ukuba oyena nobangela esi sifo iphumele glomerulonephritis. Namhlanje, oogqirha baye esihlaziyiweyo lo mbono, esicacisa baphembeleli eziphambili isifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.

Ngokutsho indlela yophuhliso esiwaphawula ngayo nephrosclerosis zaseprayimari nasesekondari sezintso. Ngalinye iintlobo sifo kuye imiqathango zayo ukuvela kunye neempawu. Kulo mba, kucetyiswa ukuba ahlale ngakumbi.

nephrosclerosis primary

Ifomu yokuqala kwesi sifo kuphuhliswa ngayo lo ukungasebenzi kwemithambo yegazi, ukuvala candelo ukusebenza kwemithambo. Le ngenxa ischemia ezi infarcts ezininzi yako. Enye imbangela inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo zingathathwa ngokuba utshintsho enxulumene ubudala, ukuba kungakhokelela ngxi igazi lwemithambo.

nephrosclerosis Primary ke iintlobo: atherosclerotic, unesifo, involution. Kwimeko yokuqala imbangela licuthe imithambo yegazi ubabalo nokufumba ezindongeni zabo umonakalo okunamafutha. Ngenxa yokususwa yancitshiswa, nto leyo ekhokelela ischemia le sezintso. Body kumphezulu siba kwayo nodular amanxeba lula ebonakalayo imilo ezitenxileyo ezinokwenzeka. Olu hlobo lwesifo ithathwa ukuba ikhuselekileyo.

nephrosclerosis unesifo kubonisa ukuba spasm olomeleleyo imithambo yegazi, nto leyo ibangelwa igama elifanayo yi sifo. Le ngenxa inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo i licuthe kwemithambo kunye ischemia kakhulu. Sezintso unesifo nephrosclerosis inokuba ingozi okanye amabi.

uhlobo Involutive izifo ezinxulumene utshintsho ezinxulumene-ubudala. Ngokomzekelo, emva kweminyaka engama-50, inkoliso yabantu phezu kweendonga kwemithambo iqala ukuba nomzi calcium, nto leyo inceda ukwehlisa ubucukubhede. Kwelinye icala, tubules izinto ubudala yoma womchamo. Ngoko ke, ukusebenza komzimba uyawa.

nephrosclerosis Secondary

nephrosclerosis Secondary kuphuhliswa ngokuchasene nentsukaphi iinkqubo ezithintela ukosuleleka kunye / okanye sisiba mandundu kwi kwizintso. Izizathu zenkqubo zophendlo lwezifo unako ukukhonza ezahlukahlukeneyo iimeko kunye ukuphazamiseka:

1. Diabetes osegazini. Vuka iswekile egazini ichukumisa utshintsho sisezindongeni imithambo yegazi. Bona itywiniweyo kwaye idumbile, kodwa permeability lo uhlumisayo. Ngenxa yoko, neprothini akhululwe kulo igazi, nto leyo makayibuyekeze lonyuso ekunqandeni iingxaki. Ngelo xesha linye ngoku ebizwa ngokuba yimetabolism isenokucotha, obuquka ilahleko hayi izintso kuphela, kodwa amanye amalungu.
2. glomerulonephritis Chronic. Kule sifo kwizakhiwo omzimba na zitshatyalalisiwe, uye ngqo nezintso. Bona limaza inwebu nemithambo kwi glomerulus. Ukuze kubuyekezelwe iinkqubo oluqhubekayo iqala indlela Yindibanisela izinto ezandisa egazi.
3. Pyelonephritis. Isifo ihamba kwii-izilwanyana iintsholongwane kwi glomeruli kunye tubules, apho wabumba thrombi. Around kubo ngokulandelana yande leukocytes. Emva recovery kwimimandla ezonakeleyo zixela eyakhiwe okanye izilonda.
4. Urolithiasis. Xa ngxi umchamo kulo aqalile ukuzalela iintsholongwane. Kwimeko ukulahlwa reverse umchamo flora yayintsholongwane eyosulela kungonakalisa eludongeni lwangaphakathi tubules womchamo.
5. Lupus zomzimba. Ukuze wenze oku, isifo zenkqubo luphawulwa synthesizing kwizakhiwo omzimba ukuba ungazisa ukuhlaselwa imizimba yabo.
6. Nephropathy ukhulelwe. Xa ephethe usana inkqubo ababhinqileyo kwamadlala ivavanywa utshintsho, loo nto ikhokelela ezizuzwa ezahlukeneyo. Omnye iphula izenzo aqaqambayo emithanjeni. Ngenxa yoko, noxinzelelo lwegazi, ukuhamba kwegazi sezintso kwaye yaphulwe. Umfazi wavela ukudumba kunye nephrons sebeqala kufa.

Njengoko ulwazi olunikiweyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba kwizigqibo eziliqela. Primary nephrosclerosis sezintso rhoqo ukuvela imvelaphi ukuphazamiseka kwegazi emzimbeni. Ifom yesibini inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo sidla lwandulelwe zizifo ukudumba kunye sisiba mandundu.

Of phawula lo iqela baphembeleli izinto ezithi zibe nempembelelo kuphuhliso ukunyuka amathuba sifo kakhulu. Okokuqala, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kunye nokutya nezongezelelo, ukutshaya, ukusetyenziswa ongalawulekiyo iziyobisi. A umzimba kunye nezifo ezosulelayo kwakhona kwandisa umngcipheko loloyiko kwezintso. Ngoko ke, umlinganiselo engundoqo lothintelo ithathwa ukuba ekupheliseni ezi zinto.

Amanqanaba yophuhliso sifo

Elements of the kidney ngokuthe ngcembe kufa, yaye ngoko ke esi sifo ngokwaso kuphuhliswa ngezigaba. Kwisigaba sokuqala kukho umfanekiso ngenxa yesifo esithile, wamqumbisa inkqubo sclerotic. Le kumabakala okuqala kidney loloyiko kwezintso. Yintoni esongela kungenxa umguli, kwangaphambili nzima, ukuba akusihloneli uthomalaliso emiselwe ngugqirha.

Inyathelo elilandelayo ukufa nephrons, indawo yabo kwizicwili. Inkqubo yezifo kunegalelo ukusilela kwezintso, nayo leyo iqalisa ngokwamanqanaba.

Okokuqala, kukho ukwehla kwisakhono ukonakala impilo jikelele emva umthambo. Ngamanye amaxesha eyenzeke polyuria. Isiguli ukuwathuthumbisa unxano, eziva of ukoma emlonyeni. Kwinqanaba elilandelayo igcinwe uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ukuba ayikho efanele sesichengeni iziyobisi. Izigulane abachaphazelekayo malunga iintloko ezibuhlungu kakhulu, nentliziyo. Ukuba isigulana ngendlela ngexesha ukwabela ukutya olungqongqo kidney nephrosclerosis kwakunye nonyango kweziyobisi, zonke iimpawu ezingathandekiyo ngokukhawuleza shwaka.

Inqanaba lesithathu inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo luphawulwa ukungabi namdla, buthathaka kakhulu. Loo mntu utyekelo izifo wentsholongwane egazini. Ngokuchasene imvelaphi njalo imveliso lunxano umchamo liyehla. Isikhumba izuza Tint kuphawu elityheli. Xa Isigaba sesine umchamo ngenkankulu edulusele ngaphandle. Ngokukhawuleza ekhula ukunxila, inkqubo igazi ekunqandeni iphazamisekile. Kweli nqanaba, la utshintsho vuhlayiseki.

picture clinical

Nephrosclerosis, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "zezintso ikhontrakthi" kwi zigaba okuqala ukuchonga kunzima kakhulu kuba akukho zimpawu isici. Isigulane akuthethi namava kabi gama. Kuphela ukubona ugqirha nabanye izikhalazo, kwaye emva kokuba uviwo diagnostic kuyenzeka ukubona iinkqubo ezingaqhelekanga.

Xa sifo iba ezizinzileyo, libonisa mpawu zilandelayo:

• iindumbisa ebusweni kunye eziphelweni;
• isixa ukunyuka ukuchama, kodwa ke umthamo umchamo eyabiweyo lifinyele;
• intlungu kummandla empontshwa;
• ukoma ngokugqithiseleyo;
• uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu;
• ukudinwa, yobuthathaka;
• abafuna kwesikhumba.

Ezi iimpawu kidney loloyiko sezintso kufuneka kube enkalweni axilongwe nzulu. Kuphela emva kokuba efumene iziphumo uyakwazi uqale unyango.

Uxilongo olunzulu isifo sezintso

Iimpawu Nonspecific wezifo nzima kakhulu uxilongo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, imiba efana zisingathwa kumaziko kwi- ezikhethekileyo. Wazithwala kwakhona ngaphandle izidanga zintsonkothe kwenu kukusebenza ezingalinganiyo i yotyando nofakelo lwamalungu omzimba.

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unesigulo kufuneka afune uncedo bezicacisa eli ziko okanye ingcali yasekuhlaleni. Ekugqibeleni, emva kokufunda umfanekiso lwezonyango kunganika zithunyelwe yincutshe.

Lokufunyaniswa kwesifo luqala ukufunda izikhalazo yesigulane, imbali yakhe zonyango nokuxilongwa kwemizimba yabo. Ngexesha nephrologist thethwano kwakhona palpate esiswini. Ezi zazo lubonisa sifo nezoviwo uchonge ngakumbi amaqhinga lokuhlolwa.

Xa izigulane elilandelayo kwinqanaba emiselweyo nemvavanyo zaselaborathri. Umzekelo, ngamachiza igazi kubonisa mpawu zilandelayo kwezintso:

• ukunyusa iirhafu of urea, creatinine;
• ukuncitshiswa ubungakanani protein;
• ukwehla potassium kunye nokwanda iphosphate kunye wemagniziyam.

Uhlalutyo umchamo kutyhilwa iiproteins kunye neeseli ezibomvu zegazi, kodwa ingxinano yayo yehliswe kakhulu. Ngelo uhlalutyo igazi ibonisa ukuba umgangatho mpilo kunye zegazi liyancipha, kunye nesiqulatho ubungakanani leukocytes ukunyuka.

Ukuze uvavanyo echanileyo ngakumbi amalungu babhenele iindlela negalelo woviwo kwizigulane unesifo "nephrosclerosis". ultrasound kwezintso, umzekelo, ukuphonononga ubungakanani kunye nemeko uthinte. Kunyanzelekile ukuba kuqeshwa urography. Angiography unika umfanekiso opheleleyo imo imithambo yegazi elo lungu ochaphazelekayo.

Ngokwesiseko ugqirha wafumana uphando iziphumo kuqinisekisa okanye okhanyelayo uxilongo lokuqala, yaye yenza izincomo unyango olungaphezulu.

Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi

Unyango lwesi sifo bazibandakanya kumaziko kwi- ezizodwa. Kuyinto ukususa inkalo provocateur engundoqo. Izama ukubuyisela umsebenzi kwezintso ezilahlekileyo ngaphandle inyathelo lokuqala ngokwesiqhelo kwi kulilize.

Unyango usoloko ebanzi kwaye siyilelwe ixesha elide. Kuxhomekeka umfanekiso lwezonyango kunye nemeko ngokubanzi yomguli unokufuna ukuba amayeza zilandelayo:

1. Anticoagulants ( "lweeHedfowuni") yokuthintela egazi.
2. Amayeza ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi.
3. ACE inhibitor ( "Diroton", "Berlipril") ukwandisa izitya sezintso.
4. Womchamo ukuba ukususa ulwelo agqithisileyo emzimbeni.
5. Ukukhuthaza ngcono abamelene Umthambo calcium ( "Falipamil").
6. izakhiwo afikelelekayo.

Kuba nezinye izifo yabangela iziyobisi kwekhono kwezintso ekhethiweyo ngamnye.

ukungenelela operative

sigaba 3-4-th ka inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo zonyango isiyobisi kudla ayisasebenzi. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, isigulana ubonisa olugqitha esikhumbeni okanye nezintso. Kakuhle eli inkqubo yokuqala lifinyele kucoca igazi izinto eziyityhefu. Ukulungiselela le njongo lokucoca ekhethekileyo zenza kidney. Ihaemodialysis uchazwa imeko periodicity yomguli, ubungqongqo inkqubo yezifo. Le nkqubo kufuneka ikhatshwe unyango zonyango.

unyango Surgical ukuthini a abohlukeneyo mali zezintso. Le yenye ngeentlobo ezimbalwa imisebenzi, xa iqumrhu asuswe ngathi ngumntu ophilayo, yaye isidumbu. Ngeli ixesha ekuphulukenwe nalo isigulane zinikwe inkxaso iziyobisi kakhulu kunye yokuphumla ngokupheleleyo.

Iimpawu amandla

Le umphelelisi kwikhosi konyango ukungqinelana ezaneleyo kunye ukutya engqongqo. Sesondlo kwezintso nephrosclerosis ukhetha ugqirha ukuba isigulane ngamnye. Ngokuqhelekileyo bayayihlonela le migaqo ilandelayo:

1. Ukucutha protein otyiwa. Kulo mzekelo, awukwazi ngokupheleleyo ukunika phezulu kuye. Xa ukhetha iproteni ukukhetha ukutya kufuneka anikwe iinkukhu, intlanzi kunye neemveliso zobisi. Iitapile, ukutya okuziinkozo kunye nesonka kubalulekile ukubeka ecaleni ngokupheleleyo ukusuka yokudla.
2. Yokudla kufuneka zisoloko ziquka kwaselwandle, kodwa musa kakubi ngenxa isiqulatho ophezulu phosphorus.
3. Ukucutha ityuwa.Ukuba. Nayiphi nephrologist iingcebiso uya kuthi kwi zigaba 1-2-th livumelekile ukuya ku-15 iigrem ityuwa ngemini, nangomhla 3-4th esi sixa sehle. Ngokupheleleyo masiyeke bulawu bungangobo akakwazi, kuba kwande amathuba emzimbeni.
4. Qiniseka ukuba bahlanganise yomxhesho okune potassium. Umzekelo, iibhanana, nezo ziqwayitiweyo, zeerasintyisi.
5. Ukutya kufuneka ahambisane kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ziqulathe anenani elifunekayo calories kunye neevithamini.

Loo ukutya, izigulane ezininzi kufuneka ukuba babambelele isiphelo sobomi.

Outlook

Nephrosclerosis sezintso - sisifo esingapheliyo. Xa sikwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso yayo kunokwenzeka ukugcina umsebenzi amalungu, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuba ulandele iingcebiso kagqirha yaye bawulandele ngqo imiqathango ethile. Umzekelo, izigulane lo uphethwe kubalulekile ukuba zinciphise ukusetyenziswa ityuwa, iimpawu calcium ziyaqatshelwa phosphorus egazini. Nge exacerbation ngalinye sifo kufuneka bafune unyango ngexesha ngalinye Kwathi ikhondo unyango.

Ngayo eqongeni 3-4th 'wangenwa kwizintso "kufuna indlela eyahlukileyo kancinane. Kulo mzekelo, zonke umda kuqine kakhulu. Buyisela sakhiwo inyama elahlekileyo akusekho kunokwenzeka. Ngoko ke, kwiimeko ezinjalo, unyango kukuqinisekisa zilindelekileyo zokusombulula ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo nephrons eseleyo. Ngamanye amaxesha oku akwanelanga.