Iziseko zeekrete kunye noqweqwe oluphezulu olunzima: inkcazo, iteknoloji yokuguqula kunye nokuphonononga

Izitektri zepokrete kunye nobunzima obunzima namhlanje ziqhelekileyo, ziyakwazi ukuxhotyiswa ngeteknoloji elula, equlethe ukuvelisa umxube okhethekileyo kummandla omtsha. Ezi zakhiwa zenziwe ngesiseko sezibophelelo ze-hydraulic, apho kufakwa khona izitya zamaminerali. Ummandla wokusetyenziswa kwalo mxube yizakhiwo ze-ceramic nezishishini, izikhululo zesevisi, amagaraji kunye nemilinganiselo yokupaka, ii-workshops zokuvelisa, kunye neendawo zokugcina izinto.

Inkcazelo

Isabelo esikhulu seemarike zeengubo zembambano zihlala phantsi ngeekhonkrithi, ezathi emva kokuqina ziqiniswa yindlela yokwenza. Isiseko siyikhonkrit screed, kwaye akukho nto intsha kule teknoloji. Phakathi kwekhulu leminyaka elidlulileyo, le nqubo yayibizwa ngokuba yi- ironing yekhonkrithi. Ukuba ufuna ukuqonda ukuba yintoni le ndlela yokuqina, kuya kukwanela ukukhumbula iwindow yekhonkrithi ehlala kwiindawo zokuhlala, ezibizwa ngokuba yiKrushchevs.

Iziseko zeekhonkrithi kunye nomgca ophezulu oqinisiweyo zenziwe ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji equka ukusetyenziswa komxube owakhiwe owomileyo osekelwe kwi-samente ephezulu, izongezo ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-premixes zongezwa kuyo. Imisebenzi iyenziwa ngokusebenzisa indlela yokumisa, evumela ukuba ufumane isiseko esinyithi kwisitrasi, kwaye kungekhona kwiimeko zityalo.

Ubuchwephesha beseteknoloji

Umxube ongentla ngenjongo yokuqina kufuneka usetyenziswe kwisiteksi esitsha esingaphantsi kweeyure ezintandathu emva kokuba umsebenzi ophakamileyo ophezulu unyaka. Ukucwangcisa ezo zambatho, njengoko kuphawuliwe kwiimviwo, umxube wekhonkrithi usetyenziswa kumgangatho we-M-350 okanye ngaphezulu, kwaye umoya ochaphazelekayo uza kuba kwi-3%.

Ukubhekisela

Umxube wekhonkrithi kufuneka ube neengxube ze-calcium chloride, ityuwa kunye namanzi etyuwa. Ukuba umsebenzi uqhutywa kwiqondo elibungaphantsi kwe-20 ° C, kwaye ukuthuthwa komoya kuncinci, ngaphezu koko, kukho iiprojekti, kwaye ukukhuselwa komoya nomhlaba kufuneka kwakhiwe. Njengoko ubushushu obuphezulu bomsebenzi, njengoko kuboniswe kwiingxelo, izikhombisi zivela kwi-10 ukuya ku-20 ° C, kuphela phantsi kweemeko ezi ziza kwenzeka ngokuqhelekileyo.

Ukubeka izikhonkwane kunye nokulinganisa

Ukuba ufuna ukwakha i-konkrithi ngesiseko esomeleleyo, ngoko kwinqanaba lokuqala kuyimfuneko yokwakha isikriti sekhonkrithi, ngexesha apho isisombululo esisetyenziswe kumatshini we-zero sisetyenziswa. Kule meko, kufuneka usebenzise i-vibrator yomgaqo-nkqubo. Ngo kunceda kwesi sixhobo kuya kubakho ukudibanisa umxube wekhonkrithi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Eli nqanaba kufuneka linike ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo, kuba ukuchithwa komhlaba akuvumelekanga. Ukulungelelaniswa kwesiseko kufuneka kwenziwe ngokugqithisileyo kunye nangokwexesha elide, kusetyenziswa izicwangciso zokulawula kunye neentambo.

Uluhlu Olubanzi

Xa ikhonkrithi ngesiteji esiphezulu esomeziweyo senziwa, isinyathelo esilandelayo kukuqukwa komgangatho. Ngaphambi koku, kufuneka ulahle umbane ogqithiseleyo ngaphezu komhlaba. Ukumotheka kufanele kuqhutywe kusetyenziswa i-trowel, xa ikhonkrit iyakwazi ukukhupha umlinganiselo womntu, ngelixa akufanele ikhonkwane. Njengoko kuphawuliwe kwiingxelo, loo macandelo ephantsi aphantsi kwemigodi, zonke iintlobo zokwakha kunye neminyango, kunye neendonga, kufuneka ziphathwe kwindawo yokuqala, kuba kule ndawo ziza kulukhuni ngokukhawuleza.

Ukusetyenziswa kunye neempawu zesicelo sokufaka

Xa umgangatho wekhonkrithi kunye noqwelo oluphezulu oluqinisiweyo lufakwe , kubalulekile ukuchonga izinga lokuhamba kwelo lwakhiwo, oluxhomekeke kumthwalo elindelekileyo phezu komhlaba. Ukuba isiseko sixhomekeke kumthwalo ophakathi, kuya kufuneka ukuba uchithe malunga ne-4 kg / m ² , kodwa ukuba imithwalo ebudeni bentshukumo iyamangalisa, izinga lokuhamba liyahluka ukusuka kwi-5 ukuya ku-8 kg / m ² .

Kubalulekile ukukhumbuza xa ufuna ukwenza okokuqala ngethuba. Yenza oku emva kokugqiba umgangatho wokuqala wegrout, kunye nekratshi kwangoko.

Ekuqaleni, sebenzisa isiqingatha somxube, kwaye emva kwe-2/3, ngelixa uzama ukufezekisa ukulingana kocingo. Ngeli nqanaba elinye, i-seams yokwakha iqiniswa, kwaye xa isetyenziswe ngokusebenza, umqulu wonke kufuneka usebenziswe ngokukhawuleza ukuphumeza ubunzima obufanayo.

Ukuqhuba udidi

Namhlanje, ikhonkrithi ngesiseko esiqinileyo esiqhelekileyo, i-topping inceda ukwenza indawo ibe yomelele kwaye ihlale ihlala njalo, kwaye ifanelekile nakwiivenkile zokuvelisa. Ukuqala kokumisa emva kokufaka ukukhwabanisa kuyingozi, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuyiqalisa ngoncedo lwesandla sandla, edlalwa ngamatye . Kwimeko yokugqibela, umsebenzi kufuneka uqaliswe ngokukhawuleza xa umxube uthatha umswakama kwikhonkrithi. Isinyathelo esilandelayo kukuba wenze ugcino lwesibini lwe-topping, kufuneka lwenziwe emva kokuba iqela lokuqala ligqityiwe, usebenzise lonke umxube.

I-second grout eqhelekileyo ikhiqizwa ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufanayo, echazwe ngasentla. Umphezulu ungasayinwa kwakhona kunye namaqela elandelayo, ukuba ukuvumelanisa kunye nexesha kuvumela.

Ukugqiba

Izitektri zeekhonkrithi kunye necandelo eliqinileyo limele ligqitywe ekupheleni. Emva kokuba umphezulu ube mhlophe kwaye awuyi kukhanya, ungayigulela ngeentlobo ezinokuthi zenzeke. Nangona kunjalo, akufanele bazingcwabe ebusweni. Kwixesha elizayo, inkosi isebenza unyango olufanayo, unokwenza ngomshini wekhonkrithi, iindawo ezincinci ziphakanyiswa. Ngenxa yoko, kunokwenzeka ukufumana ubuso obushelelekileyo kunye obukhulu.

Ezinye izinto ezinomsebenzi

Izitektri zepokrete kunye nomgca ophezulu oqinisiweyo, ubugcisa obuchazwe ngasentla, kufuneka kukhuselwe kwindawo esele iphathwa. Ukwenza oku, unokwenza isicelo esilungileyo, umzekelo, "I-Curling". Ngamanye amaxesha umphezulu uphelelwe ifilimu yeplastiki. Kwiintsuku ezingama-28, ukushisa kwemoya yangaphandle kunye nokusingqongileyo akufanele kuwele phantsi kwe -5 ° C, ngelixa uphawu oluphezulu lunama-30 ° C, umswakama ohambelana nomoya akufanele uhluke kakhulu kwi-60%. Kubalulekile ukuba ungabandakanyi iiprojekti kunye nomoya, kunye nokulahleka okukhulu kobutyu obuvela kwisitofu. Musa ukubeka ubungakanani bomhlaba kwiiprojekthi ngaphambi kweentsuku ezingama-28.

Iindleko

Izitekto zepokrete kunye nobunzima obunzima obunzima, intengo ephakathi kwama-ruble angama-500 ukuya kuma-1000. Imitha nganye, ingahlelwa nguwe kunye nawe. Iindleko zokugqibela ziya kuxhomekeka kwintshukumo okanye izambatho ezigqithisiweyo, kunye nokuba khona okanye ukungabikho kwezitenxo.