Izifo esweni. Uxilongo kunye nonyango.

Amehlo - lelona candelo intle emzimbeni womntu. Esebenzisa umntu lifumana-80% yazo zonke iinkcukacha ezivela ngaphandle. Ngoko ke, nkqu alahlekelwe umbono omnye esweni kwisibini intlekele enkulu kumntu wonke. Nciphisa okanye ukulahleka mbono zivele ngenxa yeemeko iziphene okanye lufundiwe.

izifo Eye zihlelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. bekhubazekile

a. uzimisele izakhi

b. heritable

ngenxa yokuba usuleleko intrauterine

2. Ukufunyanwa

a. kanti futhi arhabaxa

b. ukulimala

kulo. system (ehambisana nezinye izifo ezinkulu)

of refraction (ukubona, hyperopia)

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, amanani kukuba baye baba yingxaki eyandayo kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, izifo iliso: landa kakhulu isehlo ukunyanga iglaucoma agalelwa kunye cataract kubantu abadala, yaye ipesenti liye landa kakhulu phakathi koonyana baka-ukubona (ukubona). Ngenxa ukuhamba esikhulu solwazi engenayo nganye kwexesha unit, uphuhliso computerization, ukwanda umoya kunye isixhobo neteknoloji, kunye nokusetyenziswa kobugcisa microwave ezahlukeneyo iye kakhulu landa inani labantu zokuphuhlisa okanye kuphuhliswa iliso owomileyo syndrome. Loo nto, kukhokelela ukudinwa ezikhawulezayo, uphathwe emehlweni kunye nelahleko ngombono ebusuku (presbyopia).

Noko ke, nangona irhafu izehlo okwandayo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba uphuhliso zamehlo (isayensi ufunda izifo iliso ebantwini) kwiminyaka yakutshanje wasondela kakhulu phambili. Nyaka ngamnye kukho ngakumbi nangakumbi iiteknoloji ezintsha ngenxa uxilongo, unyango kunye nokukhuselwa kwezifo iso.

Ngoku kukho inani elikhulu leekliniki abucala ukuba uuba lixhotyisiwe ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo angaphandle kwaye kufuneka ithuba lokuqhuba imisebenzi microsurgical kumgangatho ophezulu kakhulu. Umzekelo, utyando cataract uthatha imizuzu engamashumi amabini kuphela namhlanje, kodwa umntu ushiye ikliniki ngemini enye wayekubona.

Kufuneka athi malunga neendlela kwesifo. Namhlanje, amayeza iye izixhobo ezifana ultrasound iliso, enombala namathelwano Itomography (uOCT), nto leyo evumela ukuba ubone zonke izakhiwo iliso ngokwemaleko kwinqanaba izicwili, fundus camera, apho ubona yonke umfanekiso fundus kunye izithombe ngayo.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba isifo iliso adla akubulali, abantu bazama ngazo zonke iindlela ezinokubakho ukulondoloza umbono yaye bazimisele ukuba uhlawule nayiphi na imali, nje khangela kweli hlabathi.

Unyango lwezifo iso.

Ngokwemiqathango unyango lwe imithi lwamehlo kunye ephala egxanya kunye imida kunyaka ngamnye ukuvelisa amachiza amatsha enokuthi mhlawumbi ukunyanga okanye ukunqanda uphuhliso izifo amehlo.

Kwimarike zoxubo kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezinto ezahlukeneyo wamehlo, amafutha kunye iipilisi kuba amehlo, kuquka mzimba.

Kukho etiotrop iziyobisi (ejoliswe ngqo kwi unobangela) kuyo, oko elwa (Tobrex, maksitrol), anti-negazi (Opatanol, alomid), antiinflammatory (Maksideks).

Ke kaloku lonikezelo enkulu safunyanwa iziyobisi ukunciphisa uxinzelelo intraocular (IOP) e ukunyanga iglaucoma agalelwa, ezifana Travatan, Duotrav, Betoptik, Azopt, Kuzimolol njl

Kuba unyango utshintsho ezahlukeneyo sisiba mandundu kwiretina (retinopathy of prematurity, retinopathy seswekile, muscular post-traumatic, neuropathy okanye retina central), kuzo zombini abadala kunye nabantwana isicelo Retinalamin ichiza elitsha elinika ukushukuma ngokutsha (ngokubuyiselwa) yeseli yesakhiwo kwiretina.