Izakhiwo zwe eYurophu

Endaweni bokubeka uhlobo Romanesque namandla in Western Yurophu de ngenkulungwane XII, kweza uhlobo oqolileyo ngakumbi art - Gothic. Ngaba imvelaphi Italian lohlobo igama eliguqulelwa ngokuthi "into abangaphucukanga, engaqhelekanga."

Inkcazelo emfutshane ye indlela yesiGothic bokwakha

izakhiwo zwe uneempawu zawo ezithile anokuthi luboniswe amagama amathathu: umzi, zomkhosi, neenqwelo zokulwa. Nikhangele phezulu amabhunga yaphela kwizitalato exineneyo, kwi iifestile ububanzi baba iglasi eluhlaza drapery. Imibala iphambili yalo isimbo zithathwa ukuba emsi, tyheli obomvu. Zwe nakwiingqameko zalo umgca Lancet semvelo, wabumba jike ezimbini ezidibanayo kunye finned umgca nokuphindaphinda. NgokoMthetho zonke izakhiwo Ndizuze imilo yoxande. Bathi Zazihonjiswe ajike abe ziintsika nakwiingqameko etsolo. izakhiwo Stone isidumbu ziintsimbi, ebixhamla ubuncwane, kubonakala ukuba ingakumbi wagxininisa amathambo ngesakhiwo. windows kume ezihonjiswe ezimibalabala iifestile zeglasi ligazi, kwaye umphezulu wesakhiwo wayesoloko ezihonjiswe iiwindow elincinane zokuhombisa. I etsolo emnyango arch imingxunyana babe isakhiwo exabe endleleni yaye iingcango ngokwabo zazenziwe oki. izakhiwo zwe kokuba ufunde, nkqu nezinto langaphakathi: iiholo eziphakamileyo kwakhiwa elide elimxinwa. Ukuba ngokubanzi, ngoko eli ziko liya ngokuqinisekileyo emgceni umqolo lwemihlathi, eyenziwe panel ngomthi eludongeni, coffered isilingi ifeni okanye Iingqameko kunye exhasa. Konke oku - i Gothic.

icawa zwe of Europe

izakhiwo zwe zamaXesha Aphakathi - kukuthi, kuqala, iitempile, iicawa, icawa nezigodlo, kuba wena Gothic kakhulu unqulo kakhulu kwisifundo mba wabhenela ngonaphakade ephakamileyo kunye namandla kaThixo. Ukuze lokubona ubuhle ezi zakhiwo, khangela ezimbalwa ngabameli aqaqambe yobugcisa Gothic, i icawa edume yaseYurophu.

intliziyo eVienna yakhe. Austria. Cathedral St. uStefano

Nakhelwe phezu emanxuweni amabandla amabini, wasinda iimfazwe ezininzi namhlanje njengophawu lwenkululeko yabo bonke abemi.

Burgos Cathedral. Spain

Cathedral ephakathi, wakha imbeko iNtombi Mary, eyaziwa ngokuba ubukhulu walo omkhulu ngokwenene yokwakha ekhethekileyo.

France. SaseReims. saseReims Cathedral

Kulapha eziye isithsaba ngokusemthethweni zonke yasebukhosini isiFrentshi.

Italy. Milan. milan Cathedral

Le yecawa ngenzala enkulu kunye entsonkothileyo kakhulu zwe. Oku ukwakweli yembutho eziphambili Milan, yaye yenye yezona ncwadi idumileyo bokwakha eYurophu. izakhiwo zwe of Milan Cathedral Iyamangalisa, nkqu abagxeki ubuhle bayo isigwebo yenzeka kunye nobungangamsha.

Spain. Sevilla. Seville Cathedral

Ngelo xesha zokwakha yaba likhulu ehlabathini. Nakhelwe phezu kwisiza yobukhulu mosque Almohads ebulawa, waligcina iintsika kunye ezinye izinto zayo, bakhonza ngaxa lithile minaret, ihonjiswe ngezihombo kunye neepateni abatyebileyo odumileyo Giralda Tower esatshintshwa kwinqaba intsimbi.

England. York. York Minster

Isakhiwo waqala ngo 1230 ze kwagqitywa ngo-1472, ngoko ke izakhiwo ngalinye le yecawa liquka zonke izigaba zophuhliso yayo. York UMphathiswa yenye icawa ezimbini sikhulu kakhulu uhlaba Gothic ukongeza yecawa kwi Cologne (Germany) eYurophu. Idume ukuba iiwindow ezintle efafazwe-glass.

France. Paris. Notre Dame

Notre-Dame de Paris mhlawumbi edumileyo French Cathedral Gothic izakhiwo isimbo semvelo, imifanekiso kunye iifestile zeglasi anegazi. NgoDisemba 2, 1804 kweendonga zayo isithsaba itrone komlawuli uNapoleon Bonapart.

Germany. Cologne. Cologne Cathedral

Ukwakhiwa yecawa lwaqhutywa kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-600. Ukuphakama kwalo zokwakha enkulu ngokwenene - 157,4 eemitha. Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi, oko luphawu yesixeko kunye nebandla uphambili Archdiocese Cologne.

Italy. Florence. Santa Maria del Fiore

Le yenye izakhiwo ezininzi ezintle ka Florence, iindonga zayo zangaphandle zazizaliswe panels emarmore emhlophe ezinemibala eyahlukeneyo: emhlophe, ezipinki, eluhlaza. Kodwa ekuxabeleni ezininzi ubungakanani elikhulu izitena nkundla yayo.

France. Chartres. Chartres Cathedral French izakhiwo zwe isonto siyakhuselwa phantse ngokugqibeleleyo, uninzi iifestile yayo yoqobo efafazwe-iglasi basala phantse kushunyayelwe ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIII.