Amagcisa Famous Russian. Abaculi edume

art Russian yaziwa kulo lonke ihlabathi aphembelela amagcisa abavela kumazwe amaninzi ahlukeneyo. Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi, artists Slavic ngokulinganayo ekudaleni kakuhle amabali original nokugcina ezenzeka ngoku. Nokugqama omkhulu inkcubeko Russian kwenzeka ambalwa eminyaka eyadlulayo, ngoko ke iinkosi zeli xesha kuyimfuneko ukuthetha kuqala.

Vladimir Lukich Borovikovsky

A portrait opeyintayo ezaziwayo-kakuhle wazalwa kwisixeko Ukrainian ka Mirgorod. Ngokutsho isithethe usapho Borovikovskiy abhalisela kwi Army wabuya wavuka waya isikhundla uLieutenant, emva koko umhlala-phantsi kwaye wazinikela ukuba zobugcisa. uyise nabazalwana nabo benza umzobo, ngoko izifundo lokuqala lwenzeka ekhaya. Le mizobo okuqala lwemixholo zonqulo - icon ubuqambi Borovykovs'kogo yomhla we-1780 mi, alondolozwe unanamhla. Zaguquka yaba odolo ukubulawa kwibhotwe uCatherine Omkhulu. I wizard wadala imifanekiso emibini waza wabizwa eSt Petersburg, apho wayesebenza khona amagcisa edumileyo. Kwikomkhulu Borovikovskiy wadibana ethandwayo portrait Levitsky. Mhlawumbi olu lwazi kunye nefuthe umsebenzi wakhe elizayo.

Enye Imizobo yokuqala i "Umfanekiso O. K. Filippovoy," ezele reverie nokuthantamisa. Ngu Borovikovsky oko ingqalelo. I 1795th Academy of Arts yanikezelwa kuye isihloko - abo babezonda artists zezona ngcali zinetalente kuphela. Imisebenzi engcono ingabizwa Lopukhina ekumeni, Arsenyev, Kurakin kunye nemizobo nemifanekiso abalimi 'Lizanka and Dasha "," Torzhkovskaya umfama UChristine. " Ebudaleni ikwandim, umculi sebesazi ngonqulo wahamba kude ingqondo yemveli.

Vasiliy Andreevich Tropinin

kweyeshumi elinesibhozo kwaye yeshumi elinesithoba ngenxa ezizodwa zobugcisa Russian. Amagcisa amaninzi idumileyo esebenza kweli xesha, yaye Tropinin - kungekho ngaphandle. Wazalelwa kwintsapho ngamakhoboka ngowe-1776, xa ndandineminyaka eli-9 ebona abafundi kwi-Imperial Academy of Arts, yaye ngowe-1823 Vasily wafumana inkululeko yakhe yaye kungekudala amakishwe kwisihloko academician yomsebenzi "I Lacemaker", "Lo mngqibi omdala", "umzobo wokukrola E . O. Skotnikova ". Imisebenzi lokuqala imizobo master portrait, obonisa abantwana zenkosi yakhe, Count Markov. Le yemizobo "komntwana pitier" umkhondo isihloko Ukrainian. eminye imisebenzi yakhe enxulumene imifanekiso zasekhaya, ubume kunye portraits ngendlela imizwa. Le mizobo kakhulu ithandwa - portrait uhlobo, edibanisa lobuhle kunye nokusebenziseka yenziwa ekuqondeni abanye abantu. Njengabanye amagcisa ezininzi odumileyo Russian, Tropinin yaba lilungu Wawongwa le Moscow Art Society.

Fumana ukwazi ubuntu bakhe kunokunceda "Self Portrait nxamnye window kunye Ngenxa yesicelo", evakalisa umnqweno wakhe ngenxa yobuhle nenyaniso, kwakunye ezahlukeneyo imizobo ipensile, ezele kokuma elungileyo.

Orest Adamovich Kiprensky

Lo Mfanekiso ukuba ngokukhuselekileyo abhalwe amagcisa adumileyo ehlabathini. Malunga Kiprensky endiyaziyo ukuba ayifanelekanga kuphela eRashiya. Okwangoku, siye engafanele umlimi komhlaba, unyana kunye nefani bafumana ukunika freestyle kuphela. Umnini wambeka Academy of Arts, babehlala apho inkwenkwe iminyaka esithoba kwisikolo emfundo, kwaye bafunda imbali ukupeyinta. Calling Kiprensky - portrait yohlobo. Umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala loo wafumana amanqaku aphezulu leengcali kwi mboniso ngo-1804. Isinikezeli wachaza uAdam Schwalbe, igcisa nobaba. Kungekudala emva koko, ngo-1805, Kiprensky wafumana imbasa yegolide ngenxa womzobo "nguDmitry Donskoy kwi intsimi Kulikovo." Kamva, wayepeyinta eni abameli ezininzi koongqondo Russian yeengcungcu, kwaye ngo-1812 yaba academician, kwakunye abazobi abaninzi abadumileyo Russian kwexesha. Ngowe-1816, waqala ukuhambela, wayehlala eItali. Apho wachitha iminyaka yakhe yokugqibela kunye. Kiprensky wangcwatyelwa eRoma.

Karl Pavlovich Bryullov

kweza abaninzi amagcisa odumileyo Russian ukusuka iintsapho ngamakhoboka. Karl Bryullov - uhlobo lwe ngaphandle. Wazalwa eSt Petersburg kwaye wafumana izifundo zakhe zokuqala ukusuka ubuchule kayise. Iminyaka elishumi, wafunda the Academy of Arts Fine, apho wayemise khona ingqalelo umfundi wokuqala. Sele 1821 Bryullov wawongwa imbasa ngenxa womzobo "Lo mkhuba ka-Abraham zezulu ezintathu oki Mamvriyskogo" wahambela kwelinye. E Italy, wayepeyinta imifanekiso yobomi waseRoma, wayikhuphela imizobo Raphael kaThixo. umsebenzi yayo idumileyo, "Imihla Yokugqibela sePompeii" kwabhalwa ukususela ngo1830 ukuya kwiminyaka 1833. abaculi abaziwayo nabagxeki yaseYurophu kakhulu umsebenzi kakhulu kunene, ngokwenene Ubuciko waba opeyintayo ethandwayo waza wabuyela ekhaya ngoloyiso. Kunye umfanekiso UBruni kaThixo "I sobhedu Inyoka" ukupeyinta "Imihla Yokugqibela sePompeii" yayibalulekile ngokwenene kwimbali zobugcisa Russian.

Aleksandr Andreevich ivanov

NgoJulayi, 1806 entsatsheni Andreya Ivanovicha ivanova, unjingalwazi yokudweba yezembali, unyana. Ngowe-1817 wabhalisa Academy apho ncam zonke artists edumileyo Russian, amalungelo "umfundi langaphandle" - ngokungafaniyo namanye amabanjwa, wahlala entsatsheni. Yaye kwiminyaka eli-18, lo mfana wabanjwa up ngempumelelo - kuba ngoku amabali Homer yena wawongwa ngembasa yegolide. Ngowe-1827 ivanov wathweswa isidanga zinexabiso ibhaso lokuqala. Kungekudala, wathunyelwa eRoma, kodwa uhambo labasibekela iindaba yokushiywa kayise. Noko ke, ivanov waqhubeka ukusebenza abanama- alihlola mxholo ngenxa ngemizobo yakhe. Kungelo xesha ukuba ukhawule womzobo elungiselelwe lo mkhuba uMesiya. iingcamango yokuziphatha yathinjwa umzobi, waza waqalisa umsebenzi kwi ngelaphu grand. iminyaka engamashumi imigudu ukuba ukudala mihle kwi amandla ngoku "imbonakalo uKrestu kubantu", kodwa ubomi uxabiso le womzobi lafumana, kwelinye icala, phezu opeyintayo inciphisiwe ukugxekwa. Ngequbuliso waphathwa ikholera, ivanov wafa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba ntetho lwemizobo eluntwini.

Ivan Konstantinovich Ayvazovsky

Amagcisa amaninzi odumileyo baziwa, ekumeni ikakhulu kunye nenkangeleko. Aivazovsky idume ngemizobo yakhe imfazwe kumxholo zaselwandle. Wazalwa kwi Feodosia waza wafunda zobugcisa kwi-Simferopol zada kamva e St Petersburg Academy of Arts. ukupeyinta yokuqala enikelwe umoya phezu kolwandle, yanyuselwa kakuhle abagxeki, yaye kwiminyaka emibini kamva wafumana umsebenzi wakhe ngembasa yegolide. Emva koko, ngomzobi zaselwandle Russian waya eItali, waza wabuyela kwilizwe lakhe, apho wachitha ubomi bakhe yendalo. imisebenzi yakhe engcono - "Sea Black", "I Wave", "I Battle." Uninzi mizobo ezisagcinwe namhlanje igalari kwidolophu yakowabo, ku Feodosia.