Iyintoni i-prosten adenoma? Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Ngelishwa, namhlanje abantu abaninzi abaneminyaka engama-70 ubudala bajamelana neengxaki ezinjengeenkcukacha ze-prostate adenoma. Yintoni na? Kutheni sifana nesifo eso? Ingakanani ingaba yingozi? Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo? Le ngcaciso inomdla kumalungu amaninzi wesini esomeleleyo. Emva koko, ngaphambili isifo sifumaneka, kuya kuba lula ukuyilahla, ukuphepha kwimiphumo eyingozi kwaye ingathandekiyo.

Iyintoni i-prosten adenoma?

Ngokwezibalo, malunga nama-50% amadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala abhekana nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-prostate adenoma. Yintoni na? Ngaba ndingaziphepha ngandlela-thile okanye nditshintshe ukuqhubeka kwesifo? Le micimbi ibaluleke kakhulu kwaye ibuhlungu kubayeni. Enyanisweni, eqinisweni, izigulane ezininzi zithe cwaka ngeengxaki zabo de isifo sifinyelela kwifom engathanga.

Ukuba unomdla kwi-adenoma, okokuqala kubalulekile ukuthetha ukuba lesi sihloko siphelelwe yisikhathi. Kwimichiza yanamhlanje, igama elithi "benign prostatic hyperplasia" lisetyenziswe ngokubhekiselele kwesi sifo. Inkqubo yokuphuhliswa kwesi sifo iqala ngokusekwa kwimizimba yesikhumba se-nodule encinci (ngamanye amaxesha kuya kwenzeka eziliqela ngexesha), okwenziwe ngokukhawuleza (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngokukhawuleza) landa. Ukutshintsha ubukhulu, i-prostate gland igxininisa i-urinary tract, iphazamise ukuphuma komlambo oqhelekileyo-le nto ayikho nje into engathandekiyo, kodwa yingozi kakhulu, njengoko ichaphazela umsebenzi we-system exretory. Enyanisweni, i-tumor i-hyperplastic (eyandisiwe) iindununu ze-paraurethral.

Ngendlela, i-adenoma iyisifo se-neoplasm esiyingozi, leyo, nangona kukho ukukhula okukhawulezayo, ayiniki i-metastases kwezinye izitho. Ngoko ke, isifo, ngendlela efanelekileyo, iyakwazi ukunyanzeliswa ngokupheleleyo. Into ephambili apha - ngexesha lokuba uqaphele iimpawu eziphazamisayo kwaye ufune uncedo oluvela kwingcali.

Izizathu ezibalulekileyo zesifo

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ngokukhawuleza ukuba izazinzulu zisacinga indlela yokuphuhliswa kunye nezizathu zesifo. Into eyona nto ingathethwa ngokuqinisekileyo: ukubonakala kwe-adenoma kudibene neenguqu ezinxulumene neminyaka emzimbeni. Ngokomzekelo, kwiintsholongwane, i-adenoma ayifumaneki kakhulu. Kodwa emva kweminyaka engama-70, malunga namaphesenti angama-75% amadoda ahluphekayo kweli nqanaba okanye eso sigaba sesifo.

I-Hyperplasia idibene neenguqu kwimvelaphi ye-hormonal, ukuguqulwa kwinqanaba lama-hormone wesini esingaze kwenzeke ngexesha lokuguga komzimba. Ukuthanda le ngqungquthela kubonisa ukuba phakathi kwamacala e-castrated okanye ososplennyh amadoda angama-hyperplasia awazange abhalwe.

Kukho nezinye izinto ezingabonakaliyo ezinokubangela isifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-prostate adenoma. Ziziphi izizathu? Okokuqala, oogqirha baqaphele ukuba nayiphi indlela yokuphila iguquka, kunye nemikhwa emibi (ukutshaya, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi) kwandisa umngcipheko we hyperplasia. Izinto ezinobungozi ziquka ukungondleki kakuhle, ukuxinezeleka okuqhubekayo, ukuxinezeleka kwengqondo, kunye nemiphumo emibi engqongileyo. Ngokwemvelo, le miba yedwa ayinakuchukumisa ukubonakala kwe-adenoma. Nangona kunjalo, bonke bachaphazela ngandlela-thile inkqubo ye-endocrine, inokuchaphazela izinga lama-hormone, oko, ngokufanelekileyo, kunokubangela ukubonakala okanye ukukhawuleza ukukhula kwe-adenoma ekhoyo.

Kukho iziphakamiso ukuba kukho ukuzalwa kofuzo apha. Ngelishwa, akukho nto ingqinisiso echanekileyo yale ngcamango, kuba kunzima ukubona ukuba i-hyperplasia inxulumene nokuzalwa okanye ikhupha ngokuguga.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezihambelana nesi sifo?

Nangona ukuba i-adenoma iyisifo se-neoplasm esiyingozi, inkqubo yesifo ingahluka. Ngokomzekelo, kwamanye amadoda, i-hyperplasia inokukhula ngokukhawuleza, ingenzi ukuvakalelwa kwiminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwe-30. Kwezinye izigulane, ngokuchaseneyo, i-tumor ehlumayo ikhula ibe nobukhulu obukhulu kwiminyaka eyi-1-3. Yingakho umntu ngamnye kufuneka alonge ngenyameko nayiphi na inguqu kwimpilo.

Ewe, kukho iimpawu ezithile ezibonakalisa i-prostate adenoma. Ziziphi iimpawu? Kwiimeko ezininzi, isifo esinjalo sihamba kunye neengxaki ezikhulayo kunye nokucinywa komsebenzi, kunye nokuphulwa komsebenzi wesondo.

Kwinqanaba lokuqala lokusekwa kwe-hyperplasia, ukuhla kwe-urine stream kungaqatshelwa. Kamva, kukho izinto ezibizwa ngokuba "ezingenanto", xa umntu enomnqweno wokuvota, kodwa akukho nto iphuma. Njengoko isifo sifana, isigulane siqala ukuvuka ebusuku (ngamanye amaxesha ukuya kumaxesha angama-4) ukukhupha i-bladder. Kwixesha elizayo, amadoda aqala ukuqaphela ukuba kufuneka afune ukukhupha, asebenzise izidumbu zesisu.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwimvelaphi ye-hyperplasia, ukuvuza umchamo kubonakala, xa i-bladder ingabi nalutho ngokupheleleyo, kwaye umchamo uhlala ungasuki ukushiya amanqabu kwiingubo zangaphantsi.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba rhoqo i-adenoma idibene ne-prostatitis engapheliyo (inkqubo yokuvuvukala kwimizimba ye-gland). Kwiimeko ezinje, kunye nezinye iimpawu, intlungu iphazamiseka ngokucocwa, kwaye ngexesha lexesha lokuxhatshazwa - ubuthathaka, umkhuhlane. Xa kubonakala iimpawu ezinjalo, kulungele ukukhawuleza ukubonisana neengcali kwaye ufumane ukuxilongwa.

Iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-adenoma

Ewe, ekungabikho unyango, izifo ezinjengeprotate zingabangela iingxaki, kwaye ziyingozi. Amadoda amaninzi ayaqaphela ukuba kukho ukungcola kwegazi kumchamo. Ukuvela kweso sibonakaliso kuhambelana nezinguqu kwiimvini zentanyeni yesibindi, kunye nokwanda kwenycinezelo lwegazi kwiinqanawa zeeplavis.

Ukunyuka okukhulu okanye ukuvuvukala kwe-prostate gland kungakhokelela ekugqibeleni ngokupheleleyo kwendlela yokucoca kunye nokubonakala kokugcinwa kwamanzi. Le meko iyingozi kakhulu, njengoko ingenza umonakalo kwisilonda, kunye nokuphazamiseka kokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kweentso. Ukongeza, kubuhlungu kakhulu.

Kwiingxaki eziqhelekileyo ze-adenoma zinokuthi zibandakanyeka kunye nezifo ezivuthayo. Ngendlela, inkqubo yokuvuvukala ayikwazi ukuvelisa kuphela kwiisisu zomzimba (prostatitis), kodwa ichaphazela nayiphi nayiphi na inkqubo ye-excretory system. Izigulane zihlala zihlushwa yi-urethritis, i-cystitis, i-pyelonephritis, i-epididymitis, njl. Ngendlela, ukuvuvukala okungapheliyo kweentso ngokungabikho kwonyango olufike ngexesha kungakhokelela ekuphuhliseni ukungaphumeleli kwintliziyo.

Iindlela zoxilongo zanamhlanje

Okokuqala, ugqirha uzakuzama ukuqokelela imbali epheleleyo, ubambe uphando, uthande umdla kwimpawu ezikhoyo. Kwixesha elizayo, njengomthetho, uphando olunamnxeba lwe-prostate gland luya kulandela, oku kuluhlobo olulula kwaye lufikeleleka kakhulu lokuxilonga. Emva kokuba i-prostate ihlambulule, iisampula zokukhutshwa kwe-gland zithathwa kwi-analysis analysis.

Ukongezelela, i-smear evela kwi-urethra iyadingeka, enceda ukucacisa ubukho bentsholongwane. Ukuba uyakrokraza i-adenoma okanye nayiphi na isifo se-gland, kwenziwa i-ultrasound eyenza ubuchule obuchanekileyo beprotate, ubukho bamatye, kunye nokuchonga ukuba kukho iimeko eziphazamisayo.

Ukwenza uvavanyo oluchanekileyo, i-uroflowmetry ibalulekile - uphando olunzulu olukunceda ukuqonda isantya somsinga womchamo, kunye nexesha lokukhupha isilwanyana kunye nezinye izikhombisi ezibalulekileyo.

Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuxilongwa yi-PSA ne-prosten adenoma. Olu pho nonongo lunceda ukuchonga oko kuthiwa ngama-antigens akhethiweyo e-prostate egazini, okuyihlobo oluthile lomgcini-mhlaba. Olu hlalutyo lunceda ukufumanisa ubukho beenkqubo ezimbi. Ngendlela, amadoda aneminyaka engama-50 nangaphezulu aphakanyiswa rhoqo ngamaxesha ukuba athathe olu hlalutyo ngenjongo yokukhusela.

I-adenoma iphathwa njani? Iinkalo eziphambili zonyango

Okwangoku, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuphatha eso sifo. Ngendlela, inkqubo yokuxilonga ayimfuneko nje kuphela ukufumanisa ingxaki, kodwa kwakhona ukufumanisa unyango olufanelekileyo lwesifo "i-prostate adenoma." Izindlela zokonyango zingabakhonkco kunye nokugqitywa.

Kwimigangatho yokuqala, inkqubo yokuphuhliswa kwesifo ingayeka okanye iyancitshiswe ngoncedo lwamachiza. Kodwa, kwakhona, unyango olulondolozayo luya kunceda ukulibazisa ukusebenza iminyaka emininzi (okanye amashumi eminyaka), kodwa ayikwazi ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo i-tumor evele ibonakala.

Eyona ndlela iphumelelayo yonyango lotyando lwe-adenoma, njengoko lunceda ngokukhawuleza ukuphelisa zonke iingxaki ezikhoyo. Ngaphezu koko, amadoda amaninzi afuna uncedo kwisigaba sesi sifo, xa unyango olulondolozayo lungaqondi.

Amachiza

Kwakhona, kuthethwe ukuba unyango lunceda kuphela kwizigaba zokuqala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iziyobisi ezahlukeneyo zisetyenziselwa naluphina unyango, kodwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo - ngokubambisana nokungenelela okutyathwayo.

Okokuqala, izigulane zinqunywe i-5-alpha reductase inhibitors (umzekelo, "iPscar"), kunye ne-alpha-blockers (Okas, amalungiselelo e-Omnik acatshangelwa kakuhle). Okufanelekileyo kwimeko ye-prostate gland kunye ne-endocrine inkqubo ithinta ama-immunostimulants (umzekelo, "iReoferon" kunye ne "Pyrogenal"). Ekubeni kwenkqubo yokuvuvukala okanye isifo, kunyanzelekile ukuba kuthathe izidakamizwa zokulwa ne-antibacterial, umzekelo, iintsholongwane zegentamicin okanye i-cephalosporin.

Izigulane nazo zinikezelwe imishanguzo ephucula ukujikeleza kwegazi kwi-prostate gland kunye nokuphelisa iziganeko eziphazamisayo. Isidakamizwa esithandwayo kunamhlanje siTrental.

Kanye kunye nokuthatha unyango, izigulane nazo zinconywa ukutya okufanelekileyo, ukuphila okusebenzayo, ukuzivocavoca okhethekileyo (i-Kegel eyinkimbinkimbi yamadoda).

Izindlela ze-Endoscopic zonyango

Ngelishwa, kwezinye iimeko, ngaphandle kokungenelela kokusebenza, akunakwenzeka ukulawula. Ukunyangwa kwonyango lwe-prostate adenoma kuboniswe kula maxesha alandelayo:

• Ukugcinwa kwamanzi emzimbeni ;
• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso, okwenzeka ngaphandle kwe-adenoma;
• Ubukho bamatye kwi-bladder;
• I-diverticula enkulu yebladder;
• Ubunjalo bokuba khona kwegazi kumchamo;
• Ukuphindaphinda izifo zesistim.

Ugqirha kuphela oya kuthatha isigqibo sokuba luphi uhlobo lo msebenzi oluza kwenziwa. Ekubeni ubugcini bokugcina umchamo , i-cystostomy yenziwa kuqala, apho ugqirha eklabhula i-fistula yangaphandle yesibindi ngokuvulela kwindawo ye-pubic. Izigulane ezininzi zichasa ukungenelela okunjalo. Nangona kunjalo, kuyimfuneko, njengoko ngaphambi kokuba kususwe iprotrate okanye ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuyisela ukuphuma kwe-urine kunye nokukhusela izifo ezithathelwanayo. Ngendlela, kuboniswa ukuba iingxaki zexesha lokugqibela emva kwezigulane ezithobele i-cystostomy zingaphantsi rhoqo.

Okwangoku, kukho iinkqubo ezincinci ezingenayo kunye neendlela zokuphela kwezinto eziqhubekayo eziqhutyelwa ngephepha lomchamo, ezingashiyi nzakela kakhulu kunye nezibazi. Ngokomzekelo, ezinye izigulane zibeka okubizwa ngokuba yi-stents kwi- urethra, ekhusela ukucuthwa kwe-lumen yayo. Oku kufakazela ukuphuma kwe-urine, kodwa, hayi, ayigcini inkqubo yokukhula kwengcambu. Ngendlela, ezi zibonda kufuneka zitshintshwe kaninzi.

Ziziphi iindlela zokususa i-adenoma yeprostate? Ukusebenza kwe-transurethral resection ngoku kuqwalaselwa njengomgangatho wegolide. Ugqirha usebenzisa i-endoscopic zixhobo ususa iingcambu ze-gland ngokusebenzisa i-urethra. Ukongezelela, kunokwenzeka ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-transurethral, apho iprotrate ingasuswanga, kodwa ichithwa kuphela ukuze inciphise uxinzelelo oluvela kwiphepha le-urinary.

Inkqubo entsha yinto yokuhlinzwa otywala i-prostate adenoma. Ixabiso layo liphezulu, kodwa le nkqubo inamathuba amaninzi ebalulekileyo. Ngokukodwa, ukususwa kwelasi kuninzi ngokukhawuleza, kuncinci kuhamba kunye neengxaki kunye nokunciphisa amathuba okusuleleka kwezicubu.

Ekubeni kwimeko emancinci, i-microwave yonyango ye-transurethral ingenziwa. Ngethuba le nkqubo, ugqirha ungena kwisixhobo esikhethekileyo ngokusebenzisa umchamo we-urinary, aze atshabalalise izicubu zegland ngokufudumala okukhishwe ngamagetsi. Le nqubo iphandwayo kwaye iphantse ingaba yintlekele, kodwa, ngelanga, ayifaneleki wonke umntu.

Impumelelo yongenelelo lophulo-mthetho luxhomekeke kwiimpawu zomzimba zesigulane kunye nesigaba sokugula kwakhe, kunye nesigxina sogqirha. Ngokwezibalo zedatha, malunga ne-25% yezigulane zibika ukuba kukho iimpawu ezifanayo (umchamo wokucima umchamo, ukuphazamiseka kokungcungcuthwa, ukukhutshiswa kwelanga) nangemva kokuthengiswa.

I-Adenoma yeprostate: ukuhlinzwa

Kwiimeko ezininzi, iingxaki zeprotate zingasombululwa ngoncedo lweendlela ezingekho phantsi. Kodwa kwezinye iimeko, izigulane ziboniswa ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-prostatectomy eqinile. Lo msebenzi uvame ukuqhutyelwa phambi kweso sikhumba esibi. Nge-adenoma, imiselwe kuphela kwiimeko xa ezinye iindlela zingasebenzi okanye azikwazi ukusetyenziswa ngesizathu esithile.

I-prostitectomy yama-Radical iquka ukususwa ngokupheleleyo kwe-prostate gland, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha izicubu ezijikelezayo. Inkqubo idinga ukuchithwa ngokuchanekileyo kwisisu esisezantsi okanye kwindawo ephantsi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, lo msebenzi uyingozi kakhulu ngenxa yeengxaki. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha lokususwa, kulula kakhulu ukunqanda ukuphela kweentsholongwane ezikhokelela kwi-penis, enobungozi obuthathaka. Ukongezelela, amathuba okuphuhlisa izifo ezithathelwanayo ziphezulu.

Ukuthintela izifo

Ngelishwa, izifo ezinjenge-prostate gland ziqheleke kakhulu. Yingakho amadoda amaninzi anomdla kwimibandela malunga nokuba ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba bazikhusela ngokwabo ngeso sifo okanye ubuncinci banciphise ubunzima beengxaki.

Iprophylaxis ye-prostate adenoma yindlela yokuphila enempilo. Ngokukodwa, amadoda asebekhulile (kwaye kungekhona kuphela) kufuneka ahlolisise ukutya ngokubanzi. Ngokomzekelo, ekudleni kufuneka kubekho imifuno kunye neziqhamo, kodwa inani leeprotheni zezilwanyana ezineminyaka ubudala kufuneka zinciphise. Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwezinto ezinomsila kunye nokutya okuvumbayo kudla ngokukhokelela ekuthambeni, okukhuthaza ukukhula kwe-tumor. Imiphumo emibi kwimpilo kunye nokutya okuthosiweyo. Ukongezelela, iingcali zincoma ukuyeka utywala kunye neemveliso ze-caffeine (ikhofi, ushokoledi, i-cola, amandla). Ubuncinane ama-1-2 ngamaxesha ngeminyaka kubaluleka ukuthabatha i-multivitamin complexes, kuba akunakwenzeka njalo ukufumana zonke izondlo ezifunekayo kunye nokutya.

Inxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokuthintela ngumsebenzi wenyama. Akufanele sikhohlwe malunga nokuhlawula, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukutyelela i-gym. Kufanelekile nawuphi na umzimba wokuzilolonga, nokuba uhamba nje. I-Hypodinamy yinto echaphazela kakubi umsebenzi womzimba, imvelaphi ye-hormonal kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, inokukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo.