Itshaneli bypass (St. Petersburg): eweni, ehamba kunye nebhasi izikhululo. Ingcaciso nge-lokuphumelela channel

Yenani elikhulu lamajelo kunye Neva ubude yobisi kunye nobubanzi wajula inxalenye kwimbali St. Petersburg, Dlula ibalasele ubude bayo kunye nenkangeleko yinqobo kuye. It unezizathu yayo. Makhe sizame ukukhangela ngokusondeleyo ukuya emjelweni mde esixekweni. Hi ndlela leyi, ku imithombo zembali bamfumana ezahlukeneyo igama layo - "Dlula" yaye "Dlula".

Indlela ukwakha St. Petersburg

Sidla uve umbuzo kutheni ke kuyimfuneko ukuba ndibeka Dlula. Kodwa ukuba khona kwalo ngenxa yezizathu eziliqela. Ikomkhulu esemantla yoBukhosi baseRashiya yasekwa uPetros Omkhulu kwindawo nzima kakhulu. Ukuze ukungqinelana kumxholo ngobume isixeko esikhulu yaseYurophu, ngexesha lolwakhiwo yayo kwakufuneka ukuze bacombulule iingxaki zeenjineli ezintsonkothileyo ezinxulumene ulungiselelo kummandla kwakhiwa kutsalwe nemigxobhozo. Ngaphezu koko , ikomkhulu ngamathuba athile phantsi wave ngamandla ngenxa yokwanda kwizandyondyo yi-Gulf of Finland. Ukungqinelana kwinqanaba iingcamango zobugcisa zenkulungwane elinesibhozo, ezi ngxaki kwaye kufuneka avumele ijelo bypass.

project kukhuseleko kwizandyondyo

kweyeshumi elinesibhozo, iinjineli ziye kucingelwa ukuba ubukho ijelo enkulu kwinxalenye peripheral esixeko aya kuba nako ukuya kwabancinane inqanaba lamanzi kwi Neva River kumbindi ngexesha izikhukula. Ukongeza, i-channel bypass ukuba udlale indima iinqaba ukuze bakhusele ikomkhulu evela ukuhlaselwa lutshaba ukusuka ezantsi. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba umsebenzi ukhuseleko kwizandyondyo khange kuqinisekiswe practice, isixeko fumene Umda ongezantsi umda oluthembekileyo. Kwaba lula ukuba amapolisa kunye namasiko elikude. Ukongeza, i-channel badlale indima zemiqobo asisithintelo ukusasazeka kwezifo kunye nezifo.

Esa Canal, eSt Petersburg. Imbali lwesakhiwo

Ngesakhiwo yokuqala enkulu kwabekwa kakhulu kwisiqingatha sesibini kweyeshumi elinesibhozo. Kuye kwakhiwa ukusuka kwiminyaka 1769 ukuya 1780, kwaye kudityaniswe Ligovsky Ekateringofka emlanjeni channel. Oku ikakhulu iinqaba, komelezwa yi kodonga zodongwe umzi. Ukwakhiwa icandelo elingasempuma umjelo kuqaliswe emva phantse iminyaka engamashumi amane. Kuye kwagqitywa ngo-1833. Le siteshi onobunzulu ezaneleyo kwaye ububanzi ukunika yokukhangela ngokusebenzisa izithuba kuwo umzi esemazantsi circumscription. kamva kwakubalulekile ukuze kuphuhliso lwamashisini kunye noshishino phezu ongaphandle eyinkunzi. Esa channel, phakathi kwezinye izinto, yenza unikezelo ngokukhawuleza zempahla ekrwada, impahla kunye nezinto amashishini asakhulayo. Ukwakhiwa ezinxulumene imfuneko yokwakhiwa iibhlorho iindawo ezinkulu ijelo ubaleka ukusuka kuhlangana khona iindlela ezikhokelela St. Petersburg ukusuka ezantsi.

Architecture le ndawo

Ubude lilonke indlela iinqanawa ecaleni emaphandleni emazantsi St. Petersburg yaba yinto encinane neekhilomitha ngaphezu kwesibhozo. Esa channel eweni ngokukhawuleza waqalisa ukuba kuhlalwe phambi kokuba kugqitywe ukwakhiwa kwayo. Ecaleni kweendonga zayo zombini baqalisa izindlu kwakhiwe ngokukhawuleza, iindibano zocweyo zobugcisa, imizi-mveliso kunye nezoshishino. Inkangeleko yokuyilwa ngobugcisa kwayo ekupheleni entle ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwiziko yeengcungcu kwekomkhulu yoBukhosi baseRashiya. On Dlula channel eweni khange amabhotwe okanye Villas zodidi. Le yeyona iphambili apha iimpawu zokwakha kunye nezakhiwo zaziza lubuyiswe. imbonakalo yazo kubaluleke yesibini. Ubukhulu becala ilungiswe kwiklasi zasezidolophini abahlelelekileyo phakathi. Nangona kunjalo, lo sesakhiwo channel Dlula eweni anazo isongo bokuhlala kunye ukusebenza ekhululekile kunye kwihlomela kaninzi-mthetho.

Le ukuziqambela umjelo Dlula

Kunzima ukuxelela kungakanani ngenxa yeemeko Injongo aura elibi izinzile ledlelo St Petersburg. Kodwa ulwazi ijelo bypass gqolo ibandakanywa oolindixesha ezininzi isixeko kwi "Criminal Chronicle" ukususela phakathi kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. Oku kuboniswa eminye imisebenzi yobugcisa. Yaye iimfihlakalo amandulo mihla inyathelo series umabonakude uthathe indawo ncam kwi iindawo akhiwe kwi eweni Dlula ijelo. Obufanayo ezi iindawo ezinxulumene amavo ezininzi, zilahleka ezinemibala iiphazili kunye neengozi. Kodwa abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ulwaphulo kunye nemfihlo zezithili ecotha kakhulu.

izibonelelo zothutho

Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba Kwicala elingaphandle umjelo esa, ezidibanayo ezimbini ezinkulu kaloliwe nakhelwe - Warsaw kunye kwiBaltic. Architecture noyilo ezi zakhiwo lula xa usithelekisa imvelaphi jikelele kwinkqubela yommandla chibi. Njengoko ukhawule nabayili bezakhiwo, izitishi kuBukhosi Russian babeza kubonakalisa amandla ezikhulayo karhulumente. Iimali imali zabo uyilo kunye nolwakhiwo sele othabathileyo. Kwizikhululo kwi eweni Dlula channel zinamakhonkco sezibonelelo ekwabelwana zezithuthi zikawonke ngempumelelo. Ke kaloku ngoku nguye kuphela kwiBaltic. Ekubeni ithwala abakhweli ngendlela emzantsi.

uphuma-ngaphantsi

Nayiphi indawo ye sixeko yanamhlanje ayikwazi ngokupheleleyo kubomi isixeko ngaphandle kokuba ebotshelelwe komhlaba scheme. Kummandla eweni Dlula channel kukho izikhululo ezintathu metro. "Baltic" umgca laseKirov-Vyborg yavulwa ngo-1955, akhiwe kwi kwisikhululo sikaloliwe eponymous. "Frunze" eMoscow-Petrograd yi endhawini kwesakhiwo kobokuqala station Warsaw. Esebenza ukususela 1961. Umcimbi zibaluleke kakhulu ukuba abahlali chibi yaba ukuvulwa ngoDisemba 2010, isikhululo metro "Dlula" Frunzensko Primor'e umgca Peterburg Metro. Kwixesha elizayo, oko wabumisela ukuze sibe ukukhuthazana. Ekubeni iya kuba inguqu esitishini "Dlula channel 2" esibizwa Krasnosel'skii-line. ahla- Ground ukwakweli indawo chibi ephithizela - ekwahlukaneni kweendlela, ze emibuzo neememo yayo Ligovsky. Luhambisana imbonakalo ngembali uyilo ndawo kunye noyilo yokwakha kwesikhululo metro.

Itshaneli bypass, eSt Petersburg. Bus emva yokwakha

Ngokwemveli, xa kwimiphetho kwizixeko ezinkulu wagqiba ekubeni abeke impahla ezithwala iitheminali lonxibelelwano kwiingingqi ezikufutshane. Kodwa isikhululo sebhasi kwi chibi Dlula Canal yavulwa ngo-1963, xa umda mzi ngokwemvelo ikwazile ukuba kude ukuya ezantsi. Kodwa abakhweli ukufika eLeningrad, sasingakwazi lula. Nge Dlula ku ibhasi iphunyezwe kuphela ipoma, kodwa-elide umgama umkhweli zokuhamba. Phambi engama trohsotletnim kwisikhululo sebhasi St. Petersburg salungiswa yaye yeziswa ngokuhambelana izimvo mihla ngoko kufuneka ibe kwi-terminal umkhweli umzi. Namhlanje lisetyenziswa lonxibelelwano kwiidolophu neelali zommandla eLeningrad, yaye ngakumbi-elide Umgama umkhweli izithuthi, ukuya kutsho yaye kubandakanywa aseStavropol Territory. Ngendasuswa isikhululo sebhasi kunye moya ngamazwe eFinland, Estonia, Latvia kunye Belarus.

channel esa namhlanje

Kuye lisekude ixesha na imihla xa Dlula Canal wakhonza kumda osemazantsi esi sixeko. Namhlanje, yena kufutshane embindini kunokuba emaphandleni. Kule minyaka idlulileyo eminyaka ukuba litshintshile kakhulu, kwaye imbonakalo ndawo yonke. Ngoku ufana kangako kwihlomela ukusebenza kwaye lijonge kakhulu nangokuhloniphekileyo. Wakha ezininzi izakhiwo ezintsha mihla zokuhlala, ukwakha kwenziwa zezindlu ubudala. Ukusuka ezinye izakhiwo ngokwembali kwaye zobugcisa ebalulekileyo aye alondolozwa kuphela zonke lwefacade njengesiqhelo. Kule ndawo amathumba ushishino olusebenzayo kunye nobomi zorhwebo, eqhuba eziliqela izakhiwo zorhwebo kunye nokuzonwabisa. Ngokutsho iingcungela kummandla ingeniso zasesekondari zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo nemihlaba, eli chibi indawo Dlula Canal kakhulu kakhulu kuthathwa kwi izakheko real estate. Oku kuthetha ukuba abaninzi zomthonyama zabantu St. Petersburg bazimisele ukuthatha oku kanye njengeyona asezantsi, indawo. I nomtsalane nangakumbi landa emva wayethuma ngo-2005, ngaphezu kwisikhululo metro.

Esa channel kwixesha elizayo,

Okwangoku phantsi kwengxoxo esebenzayo ke umbuzo kanye ubukho Dlula channel ngohlobo yayo yangoku. Abaninzi kubonakala mbono kusengqiqweni ukuba bazalise ijelo kwaye endaweni yayo kwakhiwe umendo mihla nebonelela nge traffic ukusuka kwimpuma St. Petersburg entshona. Loo isigqibo kakhulu akumkhululi loo traffic aqukuqela ephuma inxalenye yembali kwikomkhulu wasentla engundoqo. Kodwa nalo mbono ngokucacile kwemvelo abemi abo ebona ilifa zembali bobugcisa umzi. Baya khumbuza ukuba Dlula Canal - yeyona ndawo ibaluleke kakhulu icebo elinye nemin, kunye nokuphelisa yayo kuya kuba neziphumo ezibi yonke inkqubo yokukhupha amanzi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi obalulekileyo komzi. Ukongeza, ukuba isebenza imilambo eliqela nemilambo, kwaye nje akazange ukuya kulala. Kodwa okwangoku akukho izigqibo eziphathekayo malunga ishwangusha elizayo elandisiweyo eSt Petersburg siteshi okwangoku yamkelwa. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngu-lokuphumelela siteshi ubume umlando. Kwaye isigqibo ngokuzithandela ukuze ndithengise kwabasemagunyeni abanalo ilungelo.