Isimboli sezobugcisa ze-ruble. Ukwaziswa ngamazwe ngamaRuble

Imali yesizwe yaseRashiya, i-ruble, yenye yee currente ezimbalwa kwihlabathi kangangokuba ixesha elide alizange liboniswe ngokwalo. Ngokwesiko, abaninzi abantu, njengophawu lwe-ruble, basebenzisa i-letter elula "P" ngefuthe ekugqibeleni ukucinga okufutshane malunga nokugqibela. Ngo-2013, i-NB i-RF yanquma ukuqhuba ingxoxo evulekileyo kwaye ivote kwiwebhusayithi yomlawuli kwixesha ukususela ngoNovemba 5 ukuya kuDisemba 5 ukuqinisekisa ukubonakaliswa kwempawu zesizwe. Ngenxa yolu vavanyo, utyando olutsha luqalisiwe, kodwa lusezantsi.

Njani ivoti?

Amawaka angama-280 amawaka athatha inxaxheba echaphazelekayo kwingxoxo ebalulekileyo yombandela wombuso. Ingaphezulu kwesiqingatha salabo abaye bathatha inxaxheba kwi-poll ayifuni nje ukuvota enye yezinketho ezikhethiweyo, kodwa baqinisekisa kwakhona ukhetho lwabo ngendlela yeenkcazo ezicacileyo. Uvavanyo lwabathathi-nxaxheba abavotayo kunye nokuhlolwa kwabo bahlolisiswe ngenyameko kunye neengcali zebhanki enkulu. Kwakusisiseko sabo kwaye kwenziwe isigqibo sokugqibela. Inkqubo, ngokubhekiselele kwisimboli se-ruble evunyiweyo, ngowomnye wemisebenzi yaseRashiya, ngokukodwa i-Central Bank yelizwe, njengoko kumiselwe kumgangatho wezomthetho.

Iimanani zokuvota

Uphawu olukhethiweyo kwifom ye-Cyrillic ileta "P", ewela ngaphantsi, yaba yintandokazi, apho i-61% yabathathi-nxaxheba ivotele. Ngokwahlulo lwesibini lomfanekiso, i-19% yabathathi-nxaxheba bevotavethi bavota. Amanqaku aseleyo afumana ama-5.5%, i-4.5% kunye ne-1.9%. Phakathi kwabo bathatha inxaxheba kwolu vavanyo ngaba (8%) abavakalisa ukungavunyelwanga kwezi zikhethiweyo. Abathathi-nxaxheba bevoti abavame ukuba ngabemi beeqela ezahlukeneyo kunye noluntu lwentlalo yoluntu. Umsebenzi omkhulu kakhulu wabonwa kubemi belizwe, abaneminyaka yobudala eyahluka kwi-25 ukuya kwe-34.

Uninzi lwabo bavakalisa uluvo lwabo (72%) ngabantu. Enye into ebangel 'umdla kukuba abemi (86.5%) abanemfundo ephakamileyo engaphelelanga baye bakhetha ukukhetha i-ruble. Abathathi-100 bokuqala abathathi-nxaxheba bakhetha enye yezinketho ezikhethiweyo ngosuku lokuqala lokuvota.

Izinketho ezibonakalayo

Inzala yokuqala ekukhethiweyo kwegama lokubhalwa kwemali yesizwe yabhalwa ngo-1998. Ngelo xesha, malunga neenkulungwane ezikhethiweyo zithunyelwe ukuba ziqwalaselwe, ezivela kumazwe ahlukeneyo angama-6. Emva koko inzuzo yayinomqondiso wangempela. Ukukhankanywa kwakhe kufumaneka kumbhali-mlando u-Ivan Sinchuk kwaye ubuya kwikhulu le-17. Ukutyunjwa kokuphela kwe-ruble kwakumelwe ngolu hlobo lweencwadi "P" kunye ne "U", ezibhalwe ngokukhawuleza. Incwadi yokuqala yeliphawu itshintshe i-degrees ezingama-90. Uninzi lweziphakamiso lwalukhawulelwe ukuguqulwa kweleta "P". Ngenye indlela, kukho izivakalisi ngendlela yeleta "b". Lo mfuziselo wenziwa kwinxaxheba nje kuphela yombonakaliso we-Old Russian "yer", kodwa kwakukho uhlobo lokubonisa ukuba inkokhelo yemali yaseRussia ingabandakanywa kwiluhlu lwemali enzima kwihlabathi.

Ukufakwa kwamanqaku kwi-circulation

Ukutyunjwa kwe-ruble kwifom yefayile yesimboli yaqwalaselwa kwakhona kwiminyaka eyi-90, kodwa ingcamango yayingagqitywanga ngelo xesha. Ukukhawuleza kwenkomfa ngo-2006 kubangelwa ukuba iindleko zehlabathi ezininzi zaba zibalulekileyo kwizoqoqosho lwehlabathi, nto leyo eyona nto yayimfuneko yokuqaliswa kwazo. Inomdla okhethekileyo yi-rhu lumente waseRashiya ebizwa ngokuba yi-ruble njengomqondiso ngexesha lokubonakala kwemali yaseYurophu. Ngo-2006, ngelixesha apho umthetho kwiBhanki Ephakathi yamukelwa, ukuqaliswa komfanekiso wesizwe semali waba ngumcimbi othe ngqo kwaye ophuthumayo. Abemi belizwe babone isicelo sangempela sophawu olukhethiweyo kakade ngo-2014. Wabonakala kwizinto ezintsha, ezityunjwe iimali zee-rhule. Lo mqondiso ucetywayo ukusetyenziswa ukufaka iibhanki kunye nexesha elide ukuba lisetyenziswe njengesibonakaliso sokukhusela kwiibhili zamaphepha kunye nakwamanye amafomathi.

Ukwaziswa ngamazwe ngamaRuble

Ukubonakaliswa kweentlobo zamazwe ngamazwe aseRashiya, njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla, ngoku kumelelwe kwincwadi ye-Cyrillic ethi "P", ephuma ngaphantsi. Ifomathi enje yefayile ibonisa ukuzinza kweyunithi yerhafu. U-Elvira Nabiullina, ophethe isikhundla sokuba ngumongameli weBhanki Ephakathi yaseRashiya, wamemezela ngokusemthethweni ukuba isimboli ngoku siyazimela ngokuziqhenya i-ruble kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe, ngakumbi xa kubonisa izicaphuno kunye nexabiso langempela leemali zehlabathi. Ukusebenza ekudalweni kwesimboli kwaqhutyelwa iminyaka engama-6 yiqela elisebenzayo elikhethekileyo ukususela ekuphunyezweni komthetho kwiBhanki Ephakathi yaseRussia Federation, eyaqala ukusebenza ngoJulayi 1, 2007. Ngoku inkokhelo yemali yaseRashiya inokuma kumgangatho ofanayo kunye nezinye iirhafu zehlabathi kwaye ikhuphisane nabo ngokulinganayo kunye nawo onke amasebe eemarike zezimali zehlabathi.

Iimpawu ezintsha kwiimali ezintsha

Ukuqulunqwa kokutsha kweRuble yaseRashiya ngoku kuya kubonakala kwiimali esitsha, eziye zatshintshwa ngokupapashwa kwezigidi eziyi-100. Baye bajikeleza ngoJuni 17, 2014 kwaye bane-denlegram ye-1 ruble. Ngokweenkcukacha ezinikezelwa yinkonzo yokushicilela yaseRashiya, imali leyo ibonakala isangqa kunye nobubanzi bee-20,5 millimeters. Icala eliphambene neengqekembe lihlotshiswe ngophawu olubonakalisa imali kwaye longezelelwa ngegama elithi "ruble". Kukhona umhlobiso owenziwe ngomzobo lwezifundo zezityalo ngendlela yesango eligobileyo ngokukhawulelana ngokukhawuleza.

Iingqekembe zokuqokelela zesilivere

Isimboli esitsha seyunithi yeRashiya isenokubonakala kwiimali ezintsha zokuhlawula ngokubaluleka kwexabiso le-ruble 3. Le ngqekembe yenziwe ngesilivere, ine-diameter ye-39m. Ukuxinwa kwesinyithi esincinci kungama-31.1 amagremu kwiyunithi enye. Isampuli ye-alloy ngu-925. Ubungakanani bemveliso buhambelana noluhlu "ubungqina". Ukusasazwa ngamaqhekeza ama-500. Imveliso ehambelana nomgangatho "ongagciniweyo" ikhutshwe ngobuninzi beempahla ezili-1,000. Kwixesha elizayo, kucetywayo ukukhupha iimali ezifanayo, kodwa ukusuka kwisiseko seziseko kunye ne-denle of 1 ruble. Ngokweziqikelelo zokuqala, ukusabalalisa kuya kuba yiyunithi yezigidi ezili-100. Kwixesha elide, i-alloy ye nickel eneengubo ze-galvanic iya kusetyenziswa . Ukususela kwiingqekembe zemali ezisasazwayo, iibhanki ezikhunjulwayo zikwahluke kwindlela yokucwangcisa. Umzobo uhlotshiswe ngomfanekiso okhuphayo we-ruble isimboli kwifomathi "R", kodwa ngomlenze owela umlenze.

Amazwe amabini, amabini amabini, imifanekiso emibini eyahlukileyo yemifanekiso ye-ruble

Ngo-2005, ngokuhlonipha iminyaka elishumi yeyunithi yelizwe, ukutyunjwa kwebhalebhu yaseBelarusian kwavunywa yi-bhanki kazwelonke karhulumente. Nangona kukho ukufana phakathi kwamagama aseRussia kunye neBelarusian amayunithi, uphawu lwabo luhluke kakhulu. Ngoko, ngokweengxelo ezisemthethweni ze-NBRB, uphawu lwemali yaseBelarusian ludibaniso lweelwimi ezimbini zesiLatin "Br". Injongo yokudala isimboli isekelwe kwiminqweno karhulumente yokwenza iyunithi yelizwe lemali yokuqala, ebonakalayo kwaye engazikhunjulwayo ekuqaleni. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo akufanele kubangele ubunzima ekuqeshweni kwekhomputha kwaye xa ebhala isalathisi ngesandla, okokuba, ngokusemgangathweni, kwafezwa. Emva kokudalwa ngokusemthethweni kwesibonakaliso se-ruble Belarusian, urhulumente uncomele ukuba isetyenziswe ngamaziko angaphandle asebhankini, kunye nokuveliswa, ukuhanjiswa nokusabalaliswa kwezixhobo zokuphromotha, iimpahla, iinkonzo kunye nemisebenzi. NjengaseRashiya, ukhetho lweempawu lwaluqhutywa yivoti ethandwayo, kwintlobo yokhuphiswano apho abathathi-nxaxheba banikezela ngokweziqhamo zabo. Iinkokheli ezintathu, iziphakamiso zabo zanikezelwa yikhomishoni yokukhuphisana, zakhuthazwa ngemali kwisixa se-1,275,000 i-ruble Belarus. Kukhuphiswano, kuphela iimpawu ezi-5 ezivela kumawaka ama-5 zangena ezikhetho.