Isifo: okuthatha abantu, iimpawu kunye isifo

Umgada - le yenye sifo ezosulelayo kunazo zonke eye imvelo wentsholongwane egazini. Pathology kwenzeka nemiphumela emibi ukuya luvo yaye kwiimeko ezininzi ekhokelela ekufeni umguli. Khuphani umntu imbonakalo usuleleko yi ukuluma isilwanyana. Kodwa oko abazalwana bethu ezincinane kungaba ityala kwezifo ezifana ngumgada? Ithuba elisuke abantu kuthatha iintsuku ezininzi? Makhe sibone oko phandle.

Izilwanyana - abathwala intsholongwane umgada

Namhlanje share iintlobo ezimbini umgada: izinto zendalo kunye nasezidolophini. Imvelaphi ayihambi ngokusebenzisa izilwanyana zasendle - amalulwane, iimpungutye, iingcuka, oodyakalashe.

Kwaye abathwali yesibini zithathwa izilwanyana zasekhaya, kodwa kaninzi ngaphezu ukrokrele ezosulela ngokuthi isilwanyana esinayo silume umntu inja sifo. elide kangakanani na okuthatha ukuba sinomgada ebantwini? Indlela ukuqaphela ukuba isilwanyana wosulelwe yintsholongwane?

Ziwusasaze izilwanyana: ukubona njani?

izilwanyana ezigulayo ingozi yokuba iimpawu zokuqala zesi sifo zingaqalisa ukuba ukuvela kuphela emva kokuba isibini kweenyanga.

Ukuba sithethe umgada, lo okuthatha ebantwini yenye, kwaye isilwanyana iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubudala kunye ubunzima, kwaye zisukela iintsuku ezisi-7 kwaye ukuya kunyaka. Ukumisela sifo kwizilwanyana banokuba ngezizathu ezifana:

• ukuziphatha olungafanelekanga. izilwanyana zasendle ukuze angalahlekelwa isilumkiso kunye kufutshane abahlala emakhaya kunye nabantu. Kwaye ezifuywayo ngumgada ukuguqula ihambo yabo - ngakumbi uthando, wonqena zalala.

• Ukutshintsha imnyama. Animal abosulelwe ezinomgada ziye batye ukutya ngobubi, ezifana nomhlaba.
• izinkcwe maz 'kunye nokugabha. Ezi mpawu zingavela ziwusasaze izilwanyana rhoqo kakhulu. Eyayiphazamisa inkqubo kukuginya izilwanyana ziliminxe xa zisitya.
• Uququzelelo ukuphazamiseka. Le isilwanyana badla engazinzanga xa ehamba.
• Ndlongo. Le uphawu kunokwenzeka enye yokugqibela, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo, emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa isilwanyana uyafa.

Kodwa yintoni le okuthatha ukuba sinomgada, ebantwini emva usuleleko? Yintoni ekwenyukeni esi sifo?

Kubanga umgada

I-arhente causative le sifo Neuroiyctes yintsholongwane esinomgada. Umntu bosulelwe amathe khona izilwanyana, leyo yeyela inxeba ngexesha unomntana. Intsholongwane isasazeka ngamathe ngayo. Kuyingozi kakhulu abantu ingqalelo ukulunywa intloko nesandla.

Emva kokungena intsholongwane inxeba sanda ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kuzo zonke zemithi-luvo yaye ifikelela inkqubo luvo, yaye emva ezendeleyo ukuya kwimiphetho ichaphazela yonke luvo. Nokuzalela, pathogen ebangela utshintsho ezinzulu: hemorrhages, nokudumba, utshintsho kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo.

Nge uphuhliso olukhawulezisiweyo kwizigulo umntu esifa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, ukusabela ngoko nangoko nje kunye nolawulo sokugonya kwiiyure yokuqala emva kokuba elunyiwe, anikwe ithuba lokusinda. Kodwa umgada ukufa? Le okuthatha inxaxheba njengabantu zinokuhlala?

Isifo: kubonakaliswa clinical

Kweli xesha zobugcisa siye wadala kudala isitofu sokugonya, ekuthe sigulane asikwazi ngokukhawuleza lahla yosulelo umgada kunye nemiqondiso zonyango kulo mzekelo - a amila. Kodwa kofika sifo basengaba, yaye kusenokubangela ukuba ube eziliqela:

• Ukungabikho elide uncedo lwezonyango abafanelekayo.
• Na ukungaqheleki kule kulawulo gonyo.
• Ngokuzimela bagqiba ixesha gonyo phambi kwexesha elimisiweyo.

Kaninzi ekhokelela ekufeni isigulane engazi into omawuyenze ngoko nangoko emva kokuba elunyiwe, izilwanyana, kunye nesimo ngokungenankathalo ngayo impilo yabo. Abantu abaninzi nje nikela ingqalelo unomntana - isilonda waphathwa kuhle yaye kulungile. Abayi xiyile leswaku inxeba yesiqhelo zangaphandle (efika kuqala) inokubangela isifo esibulalayo apho kuya kuba nzima ukuba uyakuchacha kuyo iintsuku ezimbalwa.

izifo ezifana umgada (i okuthatha ebantwini ziyahluka ubude ngokuxhomekeke indawo unomntana), oko kuyingozi kakhulu, kwaye unyango kuphela kugqirha ngoko nangoko emva kohlaselo kwaye isilwanyana ugonyo unako ukumsindisa ekufeni. Kodwa oko yayingako imiqondiso ufanele wenze umntu ukuba alamu?

Wabonakala yokuqala umgada kwabantu

Emva kokuba okuthatha liphelile, kwaye intsholongwane sele yayandile emzimbeni, uya kuqaphela Iimpawu zokuqala zesi sifo. Lubonakala ziimpawu ezifana:

• Nomonde kokuphazamisa kakhulu inxeba. Inyeke kubuhlungu, etsala, ukurhawuzelela, yaye ukuba kukho sele ibala, oko kudla dumbe kakhulu kwaye ebushushwini babo.
• lobushushu emzimbeni uyandiswa ze ugcinwe kwi degrees 37.
• Kukho severe yintloko, ukutyhafa, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha.

• Ukuba inxeba phezu kobuso, oko kuvela nemibono.
• Kukho ukudakumba, ukuxhalaba, yaye mhlawumbi nochuku.

Kodwa ke kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba kukho umsindo izigaba ezininzi, kwaye iimpawu nganye zahlukile kakhulu.

okuthatha

Qiniseka ukuba ixesha umgada bafukanywe ebantwini. Iimpawu ngeli xesha sele alikafiki kubonakaliswa. Eli nqanaba lwenzeka ngaphandle iimpawu. Zinokuhlala ukuya kuma kwiinyanga ezintathu, nangona kwakukho amatyala xa okuthatha ebantwini yalibaziseka iminyaka emininzi, kodwa inkoliso kusenjalo akukho kweenyanga ezili-12. Uninzi izigulane ngenxa yokuba ixesha elide maxa wambi awukhumbuli ngubani yaye xa ezilumayo.

Ukuba ixhoba ulunywe entloko okanye emqaleni, akunamsebenzi kwangoko ukubonisa iimpawu zaso kwabantu; le okuthatha isenokuba ngaphezulu kancinane ngaphezu kweenyanga enye enesiqingatha. Umntu olunywe yinyoka kwingalo ukuze onogada into eyimposiso ixesha elide. Ikhosi ngakumbi esi sifo angohlulwa ngezigaba eziliqela.

Eyona engundoqo izigaba umgada

Xa intsholongwane emzimbeni womntu luqala, xa sithetha umgada, lo okuthatha ebantwini. Inqanaba le sifo yahlukile, abanako ngokukhawuleza endaweni omnye komnye, kwaye zizakubalulwa iimpawu zazo:

1. period prodromal. Ngeli xesha, intsholongwane okanye ukrokrele engena inkqubo luvo. Esi sigaba ithatha iintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwi-10. Ngeli xesha, imiqondiso yokuqala intsholongwane: sokudlathuka kweenwele, kwindawo efakwe kuyo kwisiza unomntana. Ezi mpawu zingabonakala kuqala, kodwa kukho abanye:

• umkhuhlane jikelele;
• ngequbuliso komzimba;
• intloko ebuhlungu;
• umkhuhlane;
• isicaphucaphu;
• wamathumbu yokudla;
• ukukhathazeka;
• ugwayi;
• kukudakumba.

2. Inyathelo of excitation. Ngexesha ukugula kwakhe sele oko kuchaphazela yonke inkqubo luvo. kukubi kakhulu imiboniso ngeli xesha na iimpawu zabantu ngumgada. Ithuba elisuke lide kulo, yaye zonke iimpawu sisifo esibulalayo apho. Phakathi iimpawu unditsho iqapheleka kakhulu, isigulane afe ngokukhawuleza lesi sigaba kwesi sifo iqala, okanye imbonakaliso yayo iya kukhokelela ekufeni.

umgada ugonyamelo kofe umzimba bavame ngexesha Inqanaba lesibini esi sifo. Ngeli xesha, izigulane olukhula ngokukhawuleza ukungahlaliseki, ixhala, nemibono. A imini kamva, zonke ezi mpawu zikhatshwa ukukhanya inkxalabo enkulu. Izigulane ubundlongondlongo ukuze baqalise ukuphosa abantu, akrazule izambatho zabo, bebetha intloko yakhe eludongeni. Ezinye ukuxhuzula Inokwenzeka (kakhulu olubanzi), kwaye ngephanyazo "egqibeleleyo" olu hlaselo iphela nokukhubazeka.

3. Step ukukhubazeka. Paralyzes intshukumo ulwimi, izihlunu iliso, ubushushu ukuya kutsho kuma-40, xi uyehla kwaye intliziyo siqalisa ukuncipha ngokukhawuleza. Ubude kweli nqanaba yahluka kuzo zonke izigulane, kodwa isiphelo edla ukufa ngokuchasene nentsukaphi ngokoyiswa kumaziko sentliziyo zokuphefumla.

4. Ukufa. Kubalulekile ukujonga ngqo xa ingqondo umntu ogulayo ezinomgada ziye wafa. Oku kunokwenziwa biopsy okanye nokuzimisela yokunqongophala kwemali kwegazi. Amaxesha amaninzi, abantu abaninzi ezinye iimpawu luvo ngokuphosakeleyo ukufa ebuchotsheni.

Uxilongo ziwusasaze abantu

Lo ngomnye umba ebalulekileyo ekufuneka kuxoxwe phantsi komxholo othi "Uhlaselo loMgada:. Le okuthatha ebantwini"

Uxilongo kufuneka kwenziwe ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ubukhulu becala ezimiselwe xa umntu ethe walunywa ndoda yaziphalaza inxeba ukuba amathe kwesilwanyana. obubonakala kwezonyango kakhulu kuzo zonke obungabangeli mdla. Egazini kwandisa inani lymphocyte, kodwa akukho eosinophils. Smear-yamanyala, nto leyo lithatyathwe phezu inwebu, ebonisa ubukho iantigens eveliswa kusuleleko abanjiswe emzimbeni womntu.

unyango umgada

Ukuba isigulana Iimpawu zokuqala umgada, ibekwe kwi eklinikhi lwezifo ezosulelayo. Phumeza unyango ukuze bawubuyise iimpawu, kunye unyango inkxaso ukusetyenziswa olongezelelweyo. Oqeshwe analgesics, anticonvulsants, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ipilisi zokulala, wasebenzisa ukutya parenteral, kwakunye namachiza, ngoncedo apho kunokwenzeka ukususa zonke iimpawu zaso.

Unyango ngokukuko esi sifo okwangoku yasungulwa. Ekuphela kwento ukuba ukukhusela nokuthintela uphuhliso mzekelo krakra ezifana umgada, lo okuthatha ebantwini, post-exposure lokugonya. Yeyona ndlela ilungileyo zokuthintela.

zokuthintela izifo

ugonyo kuphela uya kubakhusela abantu virus ngumgada. ikhondo lokuthintela of ugonyo inyanzelekile ukuba abo ezinxulumene ngqo ne umngcipheko wokosuleleka uhlobo lwemisebenzi yayo.

Zonke izilwanyana anilume abantu okanye siziphathe ngamandla kakhulu yaye ngokukhawuleza kufuneka uthathe le wempahla ukuze aqhube uphando uze uyithumele indawo yedwa iintsuku ezili-10. Ukuba akazange afe isilwanyana ngeli xesha, kusenokwenzeka ukuba akazange abe ngumgada. Ithuba elisuke ebantwini (ukuthintelwa kubaluleke kakhulu!) ezahlukeneyo ngokobude ukusuka ukuba izilwanyana, ngoko kusenokwenzeka ukuba wenze impazamo ekufumaniseni.

Ukuba ngesiquphe isilwanyana ebilume umntu, ngoko ke qiniseka ukuba ukunyanga inxeba. INTSIMI niyagrenyana nyulu isepha solution-20%. Ukuba inxeba linzulu kakhulu, ngoko ukuhlanjwa kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa catheter ukuya njengomlambo amanzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka ekubeni bawafumane ngaphakathi. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, akunakubakho suture okanye cauterize ngayo.

Kwezinye iimeko, awufuni ukuba agonywe?

lokugonya angxamisekileyo elawulwa ukuba umntu xa ezi mpawu:

• Ukulunywa, imikrwelo, ematheni ungena inxeba elivulekileyo okanye kwiinwebu izilwanyana abanentsholongwane virus ngumgada.
• izinto nxeba, esenokuba amathe langoku okanye ingqondo sisilwanyana esinaso.
• I ilume ngokusebenzisa impahla, okanye kwiimeko apho iye yayonakaliswe amazinyo isilwanyana.
• Ukuba umntu ethe walunywa sisilwanyana kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa emva kokufa unomntana.
• Ukulunywa izilwanyana zasendle.
• Ukonakala kumntu isikhumba yintsholongwane ngumgada.

Ngoko babuyela umbuzo lwezitofu, ngokuba akonelanga nje ukuba akwazi ukuchaza indlela ngokwabo umgada, lo okuthatha ebantwini.

Post-exposure lokugonya ilawulwa nangoko esibhedlele okanye qho kwesibhedlele. Vanhu lava nga ni tindhawu leti xa kuthe ukuba umntu ethe walunywa yinja, unomntana kwabona hayi kwi entanyeni, ubuso okanye izandla ukuba oko kanye kuphela. Xa ilimaze kwindawo eyingozi, wena ngaba wenzakele logonyo ezintathu. Oku kuyimfuneko nokuba unomntana kwabona izilwanyana, kuba kunokuba inaso yintsholongwane umgada, nezifo zabantu zibonakale, kwaye isilwanyana - musa.

Kuba nasiphi isilwanyana ebilume umntu, kuyimfuneko ukuba umkhondo iintsuku ezili-10 okanye 14, kwaye ukuba iimpawu zokuqala umgada, khawuleza ufune ugonyo.

isiphelo

Njengoko kwacaca ngelithini, kungcono ukwenza ugonyo kumgada, kunokuba ukuthintela ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo, kuba iimpawu yokuqala angavela ngoko nangoko, kunye nophuhliso ngakumbi usulelo kunokukhokelela kwintlekele. Namhlanje, kodwa wasungula oku kuthetha ukuba waphilisa ngokupheleleyo ngumgada. Unyango ngamachiza kuphela ukuba impawo kwaye susa nazo phandle. Ukuba ixesha akanayo ixesha ufumane ukugonyelwa, beboleka kwiimeko ezininzi ekhokelela ekufeni.