Inyikima enkulu Haiti

Inyikima enkulu eHaiti ngo-2010 yaba yeyona omkhulu lwentlekele kwinkulungwane xxi. Imifanekiso evela scene alo namhlanje - enkulu kwengqukuva Port-au-Prince zisala zonakele. Kuye yatshabalalisa izindlu nje kuphela, kodwa phantse kuzo zonke izibhedlele, izakhiwo zobulungiseleli eziliqela, isonto, i-National Palace kunye ihotele "Christoph", apho abameli UN e Port-au-Prince. Nangona lethu lincinane nemiphumela ephanzisayo, kwaye inani lamaxhoba komhlaba kuqwalaselwa enye nezibangelwa ezinkulu kwinkulungwane yokugqibela.

ngosuku sibi ingqukuva Haiti - Port-au-Prince

Haiti komhlaba kwenzeka Januwari 12, 2010. Yalapho Yayikumgama neekhilomitha nje elishumi elinesihlanu ukusuka eyinkunzi siqithi kaThixo - Port-au-Prince, yaye ingongoma engundoqo ekujoliswe kuyo yenyikima waba kubunzulu kweekhilomitha ezilishumi. Ngenxa yomsebenzi apho kudibana emacwecweni zeCaribbean nakuMntla Melika fixed push main ubukhulu 7 kwisikali iRichter , kunye nobuninzi kokuphindaphinda, amandla 15 leyo amanqaku angaphezulu kwe-5.

Esi sixeko likhaya phantse isinye kwisithathu yabemi karhulumente, ukuze ukuba intlekele enkulu-scale kwayigqibezela eHaiti.

Trgicheskaya meko ayikagqitywa ngokufanelekileyo yinyikima kunye nokuphelisa lweziqhamo iintlekele zemvelo. ezake Social, ukungabikho mali kunye nezinye iingxaki ezingapheliyo baqalisa ukuba siqithi, yaye ukuba babuyele a ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ubomi obuqhelekileyo, ikomkhulu wathabatha kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-emibini.

Idatha yokuqala malunga intlekele Haiti

Enyikima eHaiti ixesha elide kwaba isihloko engundoqo amaninzi amajelo endaba ezizwe ngezizwe ukuba kwiveki emva kokuba isehlo. UMongameli we-State ochaphazelekayo wenza ingxelo yalo yokuqala ntlekele ngomhla olandelayo emva kwenyikima. Rene Preval uthe ngokomthetho data lokuqala, amaxhoba eentlekele zendalo abantu abamalunga nama-30 amawaka. inkulumbuso yaseHaiti wabhengeza inani elikhulu - malunga 100 amawaka efile okanye ngaphezulu.

Qala imisebenzi yohlangulo

Januwari 12 ukunyikima kwenzeka yaseHaiti, imisebenzi nokuhlangula waqala ngoko nangoko, kwaye iiyure ezimbalwa zokuqala lwenziwa kuphela yimikhosi zangaphakathi karhulumente. Yaqhubeka isibhedlele omnye kuphela, apho kohola wamajoni zabemi lokusinda kwaziswa i woniweyo nabafileyo. Correspondent ye-BBC, lowo kuloo ndawo, uthe izidumbu elibhalwe ngokuqhelekileyo ngqo kwiirhanga esibhedlele okanye sokuhamba, kwalimala iiyure ulindele uncedo koogqirha.

waqala uncedo lokuqala ukufika eHaiti ngomhla we-13 Januwari. Malunga 37 amazwe, kuquka eRashiya, zaye zathunyelwa kwisiqithi amaqela yokuhlangula, izinto zonyango, ukutya kunye nezinye izinto eziyimfuneko. Kamva zangamawele, zithabathela ngamanye amazwe eziliqela. Ababuleweyo waqala ukuthatha ngaphandle ntaka e Santo Domingo, ikomkhulu ekufuphi Dominican Republic. Ukuqala ukusebenza awakhulula ye brake ukuba iziseko siqithi ngowama-komhlaba; izibuko kakubi zonakala, ukothula iinqanawa kwakunzima, andibanga kwamafutha ngokwaneleyo ukuba imane, lo moya akakwazanga ukumelana yokufika moya kunye ntaka, neendlela zahlutha yimiwewe, iimbacu, ukusweleka nokwenzakala .

NgoJanuwari 15, imizimba baqalisa ukucoca izitalato kunye Oogandaganda. Inyikima e Haiti (ifoto kwi kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokuba isehlo ngasentla) kwavusa ntlekele wobuntu. abantu abazizigidi abathathu basala bengenamakhaya, akukho ukutya kunye namanzi acocekileyo, abaninzi babulawa yindlala, unxaniwe, nokunqongophala yezempilo. Iivenkile ukuyothenga, iivenkile kunye izakhiwo zikarhulumente zaye baphanga, isiphithiphithi walawula phakathi komzi, iphanga kwabikwa.

Ulwazi malunga lababuleweyo nabenzakeleyo

January 16, oko kwazeka ukuba ukususela ntlekele kwabulawa malunga 140,000 abantu, inkoliso yabantu nophuculo washiywa yokuhlala nokutya. Le mini, uMongameli Haiti, wathi ubunzima mangcwaba sele wangcwatywa 40-50 amawaka abantu, yaye inani lilonke amaxhoba akwazi ukufikelela amawaka 200. Ngokutsho koqikelelo lwabemi ezahlukeneyo, kwikomkhulu kutshatyalaliswa ukuya kwi-50% izakhiwo, kuquka izakhiwo zikarhulumente, izibhedlele, ejele. Haiti emva ukwesaba kwenyikima nokungalawuleki, kwakukho amaqela axhobileyo abaphangi. imisebenzi Rescue kunye nokusiwa uncedo elinikelayo nangoku nzima kokutshatyalaliswa, iingxaki zonxibelelwano, ukungabikho ulungelelaniso phakathi kwamaqela awohlukeneyo kunye neengxaki amafutha.

uncedo International kunye nokusiwa izinto zokunceda

Okokuqala iHaiti bathunyelwa iqela wamajoni, nabancedi kunye noogqirha ngqo ngenxa nokuhlangula abantu abavela kuloo moto, kunye nonyango. Uncedo nje kuphela oorhulumente kumazwe amaninzi, kodwa ezinye ubuntu ezaziwayo-kakuhle, iinkampani ezinkulu kunye nemibutho.

namanye amazwe, nto leyo ngemihla yokuqala kwakukho olulungelelanisiweyo, ubukhulu becala yasindisa inkoliso yabo basindileyo yendlala, iphanga kunye nokunqongophala yezempilo. Kodwa iingxaki kunye nokuhanjiswa uncedo baba elikhulu, kwanokuba akukho ukuthathela ingqalelo izibonelelo kutshatyalaliswa. IHaiti kudlalwa ngaphandle ngesihelegu elinikelayo: Ukutya, amayeza, amafutha kunye nezinye izinto eziya njengeziyimfuneko umgcelele enkulu, ezomculo wabaphangi.

Ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa ukuphazamiseka ukutya

Le nyikima e Haiti iye yabangela abahlali kunye isiphithiphithi kokwenene, wahlala ikomkhulu iiveki eziliqela. Abantu balala ezitalatweni, ukuba ngenyameko umothuko wamva, ukususela amaqhekeza iintsuku ezimbalwa weva ukubhomboloza ababuleweyo nabafileyo nje lwahamba kwendlela. Ekwenzeni umsebenzi yokuhlangula wawunzima ixhala. Ukongeza, abemi besiqithi inkolelo eqhelekileyo imilingo nobugqwirha: umbingeleli voodoo wendawo iintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuba ungqubano uthe izidumbu bangcwatyelwa ubunzima emangcwabeni, kungekudala uza ziyaqala ebomini. Kakade ke, lo nezengqondo yabantu engaboni kakuhle kakhulu kumntu ohlonelwayo onjalo phambili.

19 imikhosi Januwari US wathabatha ulawulo kwindawo engundoqo ye komkhulu, apho kwenzeke inyikima. Haiti ntlekele safuna zokuhlala amtyeshela waza wababulala abantu ngakumbi. Ubusela kunye nokuhlasela axhobileyo ifikelele imida nanto.

Izityholo nxamnye eUnited States ayehlasela Haiti

Ngexesha bophula i US uMarines, njengokuba kuthiwe, wathabatha ulawulo kwindawo ebhotwe kamongameli (umongameli kunye nolawulo wayesebenza kwisikhululo samapolisa kufutshane moya). ngoko France ummangalelwa United States umsebenzi yaseHaiti wacela UN ukucacisa ukusuka eUnited States igunya emkhosini kwindawo yentlekele. Osisithethi imikhosi US waphendula wathi ukuba akukho malunga nomsebenzi, kodwa malunga nokusebenza awakhulula. Le meko iye yasonjululwa ngokukhuselekileyo, t. To. EHaiti nangoku kufuneka uncedo olusebenzayo ngamazwe ukusombulula le meko kunye noogqirha zabo, abasebenzi zokuhlangula kunye nabezomkhosi akwanelanga.

ukunyikima ngokuphindaphindiweyo

iintsuku ezisithoba emva kwentlekele buhlungu, Januwari 21, 2010, ziphinde inyikima-Haiti (wonke unyaka saba sibi kurhulumente). Esi sixeko kulindeleke one- twa, kodwa kwiintshabalaliso ezintsha kunye namaxhoba umothuko wamva zezulu amanqaku 6 alucaphuki.

Rescue emva iinyikima ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaqhubeka ngokuqhelekileyo.

Kutheni iinyikima zenzeka rhoqo eHaiti? Lo mbuzo kumaphepha kumajelo anempembelelo ngamazwe, nto leyo yatsala iingcali ukujonga apho intlekele ziya kwenzeka kwixesha elilandelayo. Nangona kunjalo, impendulo ilula - siqithi imi kwisiphambuka iipleyiti ezimbini ziitectonic plates. Urhulumente ibekwe ngendlela ummandla zenyikima esebenzayo, iinyikima zomhlaba kunye wukulu encinane kwenzeka khona ngokusisigxina.

Ukubuyela esiqhelweni

Imeko ukutya iye yazinza kancinane kuphela owe-20 Januwari. Ezivenkileni ezimbalwa baqala ukuvela iimveliso eqolo kabini ngexabiso kunye namanzi acocekileyo. Ezinye unqwabelana ziye zezikhali, nkqu kweminyaka emibini emva kwentlekele.

Kwifoto ngasentla, umzekelo, zezihlangu umthengisi, emi imvelaphi kwitekisi kwesakhiwo-9 Januwari 2012.

Ngoko urhulumente uzama ukuba baqhubeke bephila ngokuqhelekileyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, umsebenzi nguMongameli kunye izixhobo central amandla kuye awukabuyi, kwaye mission UN yaseHaiti waphinda (abameli eZizwe eziManyeneyo babekho siqithi ukusukela zaqalwa ka-2004). Umyinge labantu iye yabuyela kwemiqathango ngaphezulu okanye eyamkelekileyo ngaphantsi eliphilileyo, kodwa ikomkhulu Haiti uza kuphinda kuba ukuba yintoni phambi kwenyikima - amaxhoba amaninzi kakhulu baphambana ntlekele.

Kwifoto, nto leyo iqhele ngezantsi ibonisa iipowusta abantu owambulala namadlelo of Port-au-Prince.

Le ifoto sathathwa ngo-2012.

uvavanyo lokugqibela umonakalo obangelwe yinyikima

NgoMatshi 18, 2010, iinkcukacha ezisemthethweni ebonisa ukuba inani lamaxhoba ntlekele e Haiti yaba 222 lamawaka 570 abantu baye bakhululwa. Ukwenzakala sandla nelula ayengabemi 311.000, kwaye zaduka zidweliswe nabantu 869. Umonakalo izinto liqikelelwa kwi EUR 5.6 billion.

Ngexesha le ntlekele yabulala amagosa UN, kubandakanywa intloko mission yombutho yaseHaiti, eyaziwa wabantwana waseBrazil, umququzeleli lweenkqubo benceda abantwana, ubhishophu kwikomkhulu, uMphathiswa yaseHaiti of Justice and iNkokeli yeQela eliPhikisayo.

Imeko eHaiti ngo-2010: inyikima, inkanyamba, uqhushululu, kunye ubhubhane sorhudo

EHaiti emva kwenyikima Wawafumana ezinye iintlekele eziliqela. Ngo-Oktobha 2010, kukho ukuqhambuka ikholera, leyo nzima kukungabikho kwamayeza kwaye ukubeka ecaleni ngokupheleleyo iziphumo xikepe ngomhla we-12 Januwari. Ikholera eyabulala ezine iwaka isiqingatha sabantu, inani amashumi abosulelwe amawaka.

Le ubhubhane mandundu yesaqhwithi "Thomas", abawabelwayo ubomi babantu 20 kwavusa izikhukula ezinamandla, udlame ngexesha ukhetho nokutshutshiswa 'ngamagqwirha "kunye" oosiyazi "abanetyala zonke iintlekele e Haiti, ngokutsho kubemi.

Imeko wobuntu ezininzi akukho ngcono okwangoku.

Yintoni imeko e Haiti ngoku, emva phantse iminyaka esi-7 emva kwenyikima

Ide Ukuzinziswa ngokupheleleyo imeko kuluntu eHaiti nangoku kude kakhulu kude. Kutshanje, uRhulumente bachatshazelwa yi kwenkanyamba "Mateyu" kunye nenani nezifo ezintsha. Ukongezelela - xenga kwezopolitiko, imigangatho yokuphila phantsi, ugwayimbo rhoqo kunye nemiboniso, udlame kunye uxabana UN. Imeko yase Haiti kuhlala emibi.