Inwebu - enye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo esweni kwabantu

Enye yezona ndawo ibalulekileyo Iliso lomntu na inwebu, elikhusela ukusuka umonakalo kunye nezifo. Noko ke, kwaye basemngciphekweni kakhulu, ekucaca ukuba zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Inwebu sikhusela inxalenye ngaphambili kunye lwesakhiwo-ezimile umphezulu kumphandle iliso; Iqulethe akukho imithambo yegazi kufuneka unikezele isininzi ancedisana oluntu, iyahluka ukufana optical. Ukuze ngokomgangatho refract ukukhanya, i inwebu kufuneka ibe selubala, ubukho iimpahla ezincinane kakhulu kuya kuphazamisana nale nkqubo. Le inwebu zokunganyangeki ye iliso yi 43 diopters. amandla alo ifumene ikakhulu ukusuka iinyembezi kunye uburharha zolwelo ngaphambili egumbini.

Inwebu rhoqo xa kuthelekiswa iiyure iglasi, ifakwe ibe isakhelo, ukususela ugobile le inwebu ngokwayo noko ngaphezu ugobile le sclera. Inwebu iqulathe zihlanu, iyileyo umsebenzi wayo ebalulekileyo: epithelium, inwebu Descemet kaThixo, umaleko Bowman kaThixo, endothelium, stroma.

maleko Front - epithelium - amiliswe ukusuka iiseli flat polygonal. Okulandelayo kulapho kukho inwebu Bowman - yohlobo olunye structureless umda imbasa ngaphambili. Eneneni ngokwayo impahla stroma kwenwebu kuthiwa, le nto ndiyibhalayo zizixwexwe kakhulu nokuqina, ngelinye kunye nezinye equlethe ezininzi fibrils ngokungangqalanga. Xa indima kukho into kwakuse enza mucoid ukuba kumafa wayo sulfogialuronovuyu acid olunika ingcaciso yale inwebu. Le stroma iqulathe akukho imithambo yegazi, kwaye kakhulu kokuhlaselwa. shell Descemet, okanye inwebu, back, kwintsunguzi kakhulu, umda ipleyiti, fibrils zayo Ziqulethe uluhlu material eyodwa iyafana kusini na collagen; oko regenerates kakuhle. Le endothelium (epithelium kwenwebu okanye ngasemva) - umaleko oxineneyo iiseli tyaba ezinamacala ohlanganisa prismatic. Lo maleko inoxanduva ingcaciso yale inwebu kwaye abuyiselwe.

Ubume inwebu ezi 80% yamanzi, 18% ye-collagen esichazayo, malunga-2% mucopolysaccharides, lipids, iiprotheni, C iivithamini, B, et al. Ingaba inwebu abakhulileyo iqulethe ngokwezixa ezincinane kakhulu iivithamini kunye ukunyakama, kuba ilawulwa globulin amaqhezu protein ayokubekwa neetyuwa calcium kunye lipids. Le ngenxa yezi nguqu utshintsho nokutshintshwa inwebu (i limbus) kwi sclera - oomaleko scleral baqale "usixhome" kwi inwebu kwaye elivelayo ukuze ngokuba gerontoxon yancitshiswa ubuntununtunu kwenwebu namandla alo zokunganyangeki. Ngaphezu koko, oko kakhulu kuncitshiswa permeability ukuba amathontsi iliso, amafutha kunye nezondlo.

Uvakalelo le inwebu (innervation) luvo trigeminal. Ingakumbi ezininzi kwalapho kwiingcamba zangaphandle, lo mncinane - kule endothelium. Xa ezisanda kuzalwa, inwebu akaluthatheli ngenxa uphuhliso engaphelelanga ka kwimithambo- cranial, kwaye xa bebudala bungaphantsi konyaka omnye, ubuntununtunu wayo phantse ngokufanayo abadala.

Ngenxa yokuba i-inwebu - iqokobhe kumphandle iliso, sihlala wadibana ne-bume lwangaphandle. Ngoko ke, kukho iindlela ezithile ukukhusela ngokuchasene neziphumo eziyingozi ukusuka ngaphandle kunye nokwenzakala:

1. wokuvala reflex kwamehlo;
2. Siwasebenzise neearhente kwenwebu eziyingozi ngokusebenzisa ulwelo lacrimal;
3. Ibuyambo ekhawulezileyo kunye ngokupheleleyo epithelium.

izifo le inwebu zezi: ukungaqheleki zophuhliso, dystrophic kunye neenkqubo ukudumba (sclerites keratitis) kunye nangezilonda.

amehlo keratitis okanye ezimbi ukudumba kwenwebu phakathi ixhaphakileyo. Keratitis ke zithe zadala kwaye iqala. Amaxesha amaninzi, emva keratitis into clouding le inwebu ngegalelo ubungnqongqo. Ngokutsho ngobunzulu efini kunye nexabiso layo umahluko efini uhlobo seengxangxasi, amabala kunye namafu. Lwameva i clouding zizinze le inwebu, apho kungenxa yokuba loloyiko, inxalenye kwenwebu elaliwumile okanye yonke inwebu. Spot - eqhubekayo enamandla Ibar kwenwebu elintlangothi ezibukhali kwimiphetho okanye embindini. Cloud kulinganiselwe umbala eluziziz ingwevu leyo ngenkankulu othathwe ngexesha loviwo.