Intlanzi yamanzi: uluhlu, iimpawu kunye neenkcukacha ezithakazelisayo

Ukukhutshwa kwamanzi kwendalo akukhona nje kuphela ngexesha lokuduma kweendudumo, ngesimo sombane. Iinkqubo ezibangela ukuba iziganeko ezinamandla zombane zenzeke, umzekelo, kwizityalo ezininzi. Kodwa umqhubi omangalisayo weli thuba yintlanzi yamanzi. Isipho sabo sokuvelisa amandla okukhupha aphezulu asifumaneki nakuphi na uhlobo lwezilwanyana.

Kutheni kutywala umbane?

Inyaniso yokuba ezinye iintlanzi zingakwazi "ukubetha" ngamandla umntu okanye isilwanyana esabathinteleyo, nokuba abemi basekuhlaleni baselwandle bayazi. AmaRoma akholelwa ukuba ngeli xesha, abemi bezinzulu babelwa ubuthi obuqilima, obangela ukuba ixhoba libe nokukhubazeka okwethutyana. Kwaye kunye nokuphuhliswa kwezenzululwazi kunye neteknoloji kwacaca ukuba kuyimvelo intlanzi ukudala ukukhutshwa kombane kwamandla ahlukeneyo.

Yiyiphi intlanzi yombane? Iingcali zenzululwazi zithetha ukuba ezi zinto ziyimpawu malunga nabo bonke abameli bezilwanyana zezilwanyana, kodwa ezininzi zazo zinemveliso encinci, evezwa kuphela zixhobo ezinamandla. Basebenzisa ukuthumela iimpawu omnye komnye - njengendlela yokunxibelelana. Amandla ombonakaliso othungelelweyo avumela ukuba sinqume kwimeko yentlanzi ngubani, okanye ngamanye amazwi, ukufumanisa amandla omdlali wethu.

Intlanzi yamanzi isebenzisa izitho zabo ezizodwa ukuze zikhusele kwiintshaba, njengezixhobo zokutshatyalaliswa kwemveliso, kunye nezikhokelo zendawo.

Uphi isityalo esinamandla?

Iziganeko zombane kwiqela leentlanzi zenzululwazi ezinomdla ezibandakanya iziganeko zamandla emvelo. Uvavanyo lokuqala lokufunda umbane we-biological lwaluqhutyelwa nguFaraday. Ngenxa yokulinga kwakhe, wasebenzisa iikhati njengabavelisi abanamandla kunabo bonke.

Enye into apho bonke abaphandi bavumelana ukuba inxaxheba ephambili kwi-electrogenesi ingokwamabhanzana eseli ayanakho ukubolaza ion i-positive ne-negative kwiiseli, kuxhomekeke kwintsizi. Iimfumba zeentlanzi eziguquliwe, ezixhunyiwe kwichungechunge, zibizwa ngokuba zikhululo zombane, kunye nezicubu ezixhumeneyo ngabaqhubi.

Imizimba "yokuvelisa amandla" ingaba neendidi ezahlukeneyo kunye neendawo. Ngoko, kwiikhumba kunye ne-eels, iinjongo zezintso emacaleni, kwiintlanzi zendlovu-i-filayl filaments endaweni yomsila.

Njengoko sele kuthethwe ngaye, ukuvelisa okwangoku kwelinye okanye kwelinye isilinganiselo kufana nabammeli abaninzi beli klasi, kodwa kukho intlanzi yamandla kagesi ayingozi nje kuphela kwezinye izilwanyana, kodwa nakwabantu.

Intlanzi yenyoka

Amashishini kagesi aseMzantsi Melika ayinanto enxulumene ne-acne. Uthiwa ngokulula nje ngokufana kwangaphandle. Olu lude, ukuya kwi-3 mitha, intlanzi efana nenyoka, enesisindo esingama-40 kg, iyakwazi ukuvelisa i-600 V! Ukuqhagamshelana okufutshane kunye nentlanzi enokuthi ilahle abantu. Nangona ikhoyo yangoku ayiyiyo imbangela ecacileyo yokufa, oko kukukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kwengqondo ngokuchanekileyo. Umntu ongenakunceda unako ukugalelwa aze agxilwe.

I-acne yombane ihlala e-Amazon, kwimilambo emininzi. Abantu basekuhlaleni, bebazi amandla abo, abahambi emanzini. Amaza e-electro aveliswa yintlanzi yeentlanzi idibanisa ngaphakathi kwimizila engama-3. Kule meko, i-eel ibonisa ubundlobongela kwaye ingahlaselwa ngaphandle kwemfuno ekhethekileyo. Mhlawumbi, wenza ngokukrakra, kuba ukutya kwakhe okusemgangathweni kukuncinci. Kule nkalo, i-"hobby electric" ephilayo "ayikwazi naziphi na iingxaki: ikhupha ihlawuliso, kwaye isidlo sakusasa sikulungele, sasemini nesidlo ngexesha elinye.

Intsapho yeekhati

Iintlanzi zombane - zintlanzi - zihlanganisene kwiintsapho ezintathu kunye nenani malunga neentlobo ezingamashumi amane. Abathengi kuphela ukuvelisa umbane, kodwa ukuqokelela, ukuze bawusebenzise kwixesha elizayo ngenjongo yabo enjongo.

Injongo ephambili yeebhotshi kukuthusa izitha kunye nokunciphisa iintlanzi ezincinci zokutya. Ukuba inkunzi yegusha iya kukhulula yonke imali yayo eqokelelelwe ngexesha elinye, amandla ayo aya kukwanela ukubulala okanye ukukhupha isilwanyana esikhulu. Kodwa oku kwenzeka kakhulu kunqabile, kuba intlanzi - inkunzi yegundane - emva kokuzalisa "ukuphelelwa amandla" iya kuba buthathaka kwaye ikhuseleke, kuthatha ixesha lokwakha amandla kwakhona. Ngoko, indlela yokunikezelwa kwamandla ilawulwa ngenye yamasebe eengqondo, okwenza kube ngumtshintshi.

Intsapho ye-gneiss, okanye imisebe yamandla kagesi, ikwabizwa ngokuba yi "torpedoes". Inkulu kunazo zonke umhlali waseLwandle lwe-Atlantic, i-torpedo emnyama (Torpedo nobiliana). Olu hlobo lwemisebe, olufikelela ubude be-180 cm, luvelisa okona mandla kakhulu. Yaye kunye nobudlelwane obusondeleyo naye, umntu angakwazi ukulahlekelwa.

I-Skres yaseMoresby kunye neTokyo Torpedo (i-Torpedo tokionis ) yizona zimeli ezinzulu zentsapho yazo. Ziyakwazi ukufumaneka kwi-1000 m inzulu. Kwaye incinci phakathi kwamanqabana ayo yiRampani ye-Indian, ubude bayo bude buyi-13 cm kuphela.

I-catfish yamandla

Kwiindawo ezinogqabileyo zaseAfrika eziseTropiki nakwiindawo eziphantsi komhlaba zihlala iintlanzi zombane - i-catfish. Ziyimimiselo emikhulu kakhulu, ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-3 m ubude. Funda musa ukuthandwa kwamanzi, bahlala kwizilwanyana ezinonophelo ezantsi kweendawo zokugcina amanzi. Izitho zombane ezikhoyo kwicala leentlanzi ziyakwazi ukuvelisa umbane we-350 V.

I-catfish engenangqondo neyokunganakwa ayifuni ukuhamba ngomkhumbi ukusuka ekhaya, ikhupha ngaphandle kwayo ngokuzingela ebusuku, kodwa ayithandi iindwendwe ezingahambelwanga. Udibana nabo ngamagagasi ombane okhanyayo, kwaye bakhupha izixhoba. Ukukhutshwa kukuncedisa i-catfish kungeyiyo kuphela ukuzingela, kodwa kwakhona ukuhamba kumanzi amdaka amnyama. Inyama ye-catfish kagesi ibhekwa njengento enqwenelekayo yabemi base-Afrika bendawo.

Inayile yomlambo

Omnye ummeli wase-Afrika wobukumkani beentlanzi yiNilskim, okanye Aba-Aba. Wayebonakaliswa kwiifrescos zakhe ngamaharahara. Akahlali kuphela eNayile, kodwa emanzini aseCongo, eNiger nakwamanye amachibi. Yintlanzi enhle "yintlanzi" inomzimba omude, onobuhle, ukusuka kumitha engama-40 ukuya kweyodwa kunye neekhilomitha ezili-ubude ubude. Iimpahla ezingaphantsi zikhoyo, kodwa enye yenyuka ihamba kunye nomzimba wonke. Ngaphantsi kwayo, kukho "ibhetri", evelisa amaza ombane ngamandla angama-25 V cishe rhoqo. Intloko ye-gymnast ithwele ixabiso elihle, kwaye umsila - awunayo.

Amandla ayo kagesi asetyenziswa ngama-hymn kungekhona kuphela ukukhangela ukutya kunye nendawo, kodwa nakwiimidlalo zokulinganisa. Ngendlela, abesilisa bahlabelela bafana bootata abanomdla. Abayeki ekubekeni kwamaqanda. Kwaye ukuba ufika nje kumntu kubantwana, uTata uya kukhangela umoni-mthetho nge-electric shocker, engayi kubonakala ingancinci.

AmaGimararchs amnandi kakhulu - ayenye, i-dragon-like, i-muzzle kunye namaqhinga athola uthando phakathi kwama-aquarist. Enyanisweni, izandla ezintle zibuhlungu. Kulaba bambalwa abashiyekileyo, bahlala kwi-aquarium, kuphela omnye oya kuhlala ephila.

Sea Cow

Amehlo amakhulu amakhulu, umlomo ovulekileyo, owenziwe ngophondo, umhlathi omdala wenza intlanzi efana nentombazana endala. Liliphi igama leentlanzi zombane eneefoto? Ulwandle lwenkomo yeentsapho zeenkwenkwezi. Ukuthelekiswa nenkomo kubangelwa iimpondo ezimbini entloko.

Lo mntu ongathandekiyo uchitha ixesha elide elitshitshisa entlabathi kwaye ulinde ukuxhamla. Intshaba ayiyi kudlulela: inkomo ixhobile, njengoko ithetha, kumazinyo. Umgca wokuqala wokuhlaselwa ngumlimi obomvu obomvu, onokuthi intlanzi ihlambe iintlanzi ezingenanto kwaye ibabambe ngaphandle kokuphuma kwindawo yokukhusela. Kodwa ukuba kunyanzelekile, ngoko kuya kuphuma kwangoko kwaye kuhlasele ixhoba ngaphambi kokulahlekelwa ingqalelo. Isixhobo sesibini sokuzimela kwayo - emva kwamehlo nangaphezulu kweefom ziyi-spikes enetyhefu. Kwaye akunjalo! Isixhobo esinamandla sesithathu sifumane emva kweentloko - zombane iziko ezivelisa iindleko nge-voltage ye-50 V.

Ngubani omnye umbane?

Oku ngasentla akukhona kuphela yintlanzi yamanzi. Amagama angaboniswa kuthi ngathi: U-Peters's gnathon, black nozhela, izidumbu, i-diplobitis. Njengoko ubona, zininzi zazo. Inzululwazi yenze isinyathelo esihambileyo ekufundeni ukukwazi okungaqhelekanga kweentlanzi ezithile, kodwa kwakungenakwenzeka ngokupheleleyo ukuba kulungiswe ngokupheleleyo indlela yokuqokelela umbane ophezulu kuze kube ngoku.

I intlanzi ziphathwa?

Iyeza elisemthethweni alizange liqinisekisile ifa le-electromagnetic field of effect curative effect. Kodwa amayeza omntu sele sele asebenzisa amaza kagesi emimitha ukuze aphilise izifo ezininzi zendalo ye-rheumatic. Ngenxa yale njongo, abantu bahamba ngokukhawuleza baze bathathaka. Nantsi uhlobo lwe-electrophoresis yemvelo.

Abahlali be-catfish abemi base-Afrika naseYiputa basebenzisa ukunyanga kwesigaba somkhuhlane. Ukwandisa ukukhuseleka kwabantwana kunye nokuqinisa uluntu jikelele, abahlali be-equatorial baxhobisa abo baphatha i-Soma, kwaye baphinde baphuze amanzi apho le ntlanzi ibhukuda ixesha elithile.