Inkokeli umlimi yabanqolobi umkhosi Gerasim Kurin: engobomi, impumelelo kunye namanqaku anika umdla

History of the War of 1812 yaziwa kwinkoliso baseRashiya kuphela ngokubanzi. Ngaphezu koko, amagama abaninzi zabalinganiswa zayo, ingakumbi abantu ebantwini, ngokungekho ulibele okanye bayazazi kuphela kwiingcali. Nangona Gerasim Kurin phakathi amadoda angaziwa balwela inkululeko kwilizwe, yaye igama lakhe ifakiwe iincwadi esikolweni, kwincwadi engobomi bomntu eneenkcukacha ye yabanqolobi odumileyo ngokuqinisekileyo babe nomdla kubo bonke abo ebona kwimbali yelizwe labo.

imvelaphi

Kurin Gerasim Matveevich wazalelwa kwilali Pavlovo Vohonskoy Parish, kufuphi eMoscow, ngo-1777. Uyise nonina, yaye, ke ngoko, akazange abe ngamakhoboka. Into yokuba uPawulos phantsi Ivan ngabangcangcazelisi laba impahla Emnye-uSergiyo Monastery, kwaye emva kokuba secularization amazwe ibandla, ebanjwe yi uCatherine II, yadluliselwa kudidi karhulumente. Ngenxa yoko, Gerasim Kurin engumlimi ebizwa ngokuba yi-qoqosho. Abantu nalo iwonga akuvamanga abazibandakanya kwezolimo njengoko ilizwe engundoqo yaba benani. imisebenzi yabo yobugcisa, urhwebo kunye yezandla.

Biography Kurina Gerasima Matveevicha (ngokufutshane) de 1812

Ulwazi malunga ukujongana ngokukodwa uTshawe-ngokunomkhethe ukuya ekuhlaselweni uNapoleon ngayo eRashiya, phantse namnye. Abaphandi bathi ukuba wayesebenza kwivenkile kayise, apho kusenokwenzeka ukuba ingeniso elungileyo, yaye intsapho yakhe kuhlonelwa belali.

Gerasim Matveyevich wayetshate ku Anne Savinoy, owayevela kwintsapho yomthengisi. Isibini esitshatileyo wayenabantwana 2: Terence kunye Anton. Amakhwenkwe ekuqaleni kwemfazwe kwakukho eyi-13 ne-8 ngokulandelelana.

Imeko ezinabantu

Ukungena imikhosi uNapoleon ngayo eMoscow ekwindla ka-1812 abazange kungakhokelela emuva Russia njengoko wayenethemba umlawuli French. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, kuzo zonke amazwe ahlala baqalisa amaqela yabanqolobi ngokuzenzekelayo obulugelelanisiweyo, apho umkhosi wakhe waqalisa ukuziva yokunqongophala ukutya okuninzi. Oku banyanzelisa umyalelo French ukuze kuxhotyiswe amajoni iimbovane kuzo zonke nemiyalelo kwikomkhulu. Ekubeni basoloko behlaselwa, uNapoleon abelwe Marshal ney amajoni 4000 elihamba, owamahashe, kwakunye neebhetri zokudubula eziliqela. ikomkhulu eyaziwa engemveleli wakhe French yomkhosi exhonyiweyo Borovsk, apho umthetho imisebenzi ukudla nokukhusela iiyunithi zabo. Enye yezi maqela, "abazingeli ukutya" efika kwidolophana uPawulos, apho wayehlala Gerasim Kurin kunye nentsapho yakhe.

umbutho lamabutho

Emva kokuva ukuba French foragers kwi indlela eya elalini, wahlela iqela lamafama 200 aqala ukulwa. Kungekudala baqala ukuzibandakanya abemi iilali eselumelwaneni, kwaye inani luqalile yafikelela kubantu 5800, kuquka abakhweli 500. Esona sizathu esibangela abantu ukuba bangalwi, kukho ukuziphatha esikhohlakeleyo isiFrentshi, owathi, ukuba nomsindo okwathatha kwiphulo lomkhosi kunye nokungondleki, ngokufuthi abazibandakanya ekuphangeni eziqhelekileyo zamihla. Ukongeza, Gerasim Kurin waba isipho kukucengwa yaba igunya belali.

imisebenzi

Ukususela 23 Septemba ukuya 2 Oktobha 1812 Kurin Gerasim kunye iqela lakhe izihlandlo 7 inxaxheba phezulu amajoni baseFransi. Kwelinye nokulwa amadoda akhe yakwazi ukulwa uloliwe kunye nezixhobo, bambamba imipu malunga 200 kunye pistols, kwakunye neengxowa iCartridge 400. Le nto ivumele ukuba luqalile ixesha elide ukuba bona kunye iimbumbulu nokwenza okuthile ebhegini kakhulu kwinkampu utshaba.

Yalelani bada- waba ngumsindo yokuziphatha '' emgceni. "abalimi Russian waza wathumela ukuba alwe gallinaceous 2 butho of dragoons. Kuyabonakala ukuba, isiFrentshi wayengenayo ingcamango malunga nenani luqalile, njengoko kungenjalo babengayi kuphelela neyunithi omncinane.

Ingqwayi-ngqwayi wagqiba ukuzama ukusombulula lo mba ngoxolo 'weza' ukuba oko kuthunyelwa i "savages" ye isgqibo - irhuluneli yangaphambili. Wazama ukweyisela luqalile ukuba ukuphazamisa foragers ngayo imisebenzi yabo, mhlawumbi okuthetha ukuba ngokuphanga abalimi.

Nangona thethwano chicken zazilungiselela ukuhlasela. Kuqala kwinto zonke, wathumela kwicala Bogorodsk umlimi looding abakhwele, umthetho yintloko kumarhamente Yegor esitulweni. Ke Kurin isicelo yecebo, eshiya abaninzi 'imikhosi' yakhe abalaleli, yaye bathathe inxaxheba wayesilwa French, kunye luqalile kweshumi ezimbalwa. Xa kwaliwa swing ngokupheleleyo, wabanika lo myalelo ukuba siphumele, bewuzizilizisa dragoons, udakiwe nge i uloyiso lula phezu Russian a umlimi. Imangalisiwe ngokwakhe owenkawu uhlaselwa ngaphambili nangesemva amadoda French, njengoko abakhweli kufika Stulova. Ngenxa yoko yomlo eyaphukileyo squadrons ezimbini isiFrentshi, yaye inxalenye dragoons wathathwa.

imisebenzi zakutsha

Nomsindo bada- wayikhupha imikhosi rhoqo nxamnye luqalile. Emva kokufunda lo uhlaselo French iikholam, inkukhu wagqiba ekubeni abanike umlo kwilali lokuzalwa kwakhe. Kubhaliwe ibekwe kwi Sasungulwa amakhaya isambuku imikhosi zabo, elikhokelwa yedwa. Ngelo xesha Gerasim Matveyevich Stulova wathumela abamahashe abalaleli kufuphi kwilali Melenki ebekwe ecaleni kwendlela Pavlovsky - Borovsk, kummandla wolondolozo esemva umlambo e Yudinskom udonga, emnike umyalelo we Ivan Pushkin.

Xa French waya kuPawulos, kwakungekho mntu ebusweni. Kodwa emva kwethuba kweza kuye isithunywa, eliquka amadoda anamandla. Bangena thethwano emkhosini, leyo ngeli xesha wacela ngentlonelo abalimi ukuba athengise ukutya, emva ukuvumela ukuba ayikhangele yokugcina. La madoda avumelana ukuqhuba foragers abangayaziyo nkqu ukuba ummeli kakhulu portly kunye izingxoxo - ngokwaso Kurin.

Kufaneleke ukukhankanywa into

kuphangwa abaliqela nempumelelo wenza luqalile nentembelo ngakumbi ubuchule babo, baza bagqiba ukuba ahlasele Bogorodsk anazo. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha ney wayesele wafumana imiyalelo ukuba abuyele eMoscow. Kurin Gerasim kunye iqela lakhe eziphosiweyo umzimba wakhe iiyure ezimbalwa yaye wahlabela mgama ukukhusela kwilali yakhe eyingqongileyo ukusuka French namatutu.

kunomvuzo

Sokuthimba loo mkhosi ngokunomkhethe kunye kuzinze bakhe abazange kunivuza umyalelo Russian. Iinkokeli ezininzi zomkhosi amangaliswa ukuba umlimi ngaphandle nayiphi na ingcamango amaqhinga kunye nemithetho yokubandakanyeka yasebenza kakuhle ukwenzela ukuba Masirhole ukutshabalalisa amajoni rhoqo yomkhosi French, ngoxa iyunithi yakhe ephethe iilahleko ezincinci.

Ngowe-1813 Kurin Gerasim Matveevich (1777-1850) wawongwa George Cross Udidi loku-1. Le umyalelo ilungiselelwe ngokukodwa wazimisela ezintlwini ezisezantsi zamajoni, kwaye bekufanele ukuba ukunxiba tape abamnyama-orenji. Nangona le ncwadi rhoqo ukhankanya ukuba Gerasim Kurin zilamkele isihloko lommi yekhethelo, olu lwazi isenokungabi echanileyo, njengoko ubumi obekekileyo elinikwe abameli kwiklasi umlimi. Ngaphezu koko, oko yasungulwa ngo-1832. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa lemvelaphi yabo, Gerasim Matveyevich ayikwazanga abanalo isihloko, nangona ukuba kwakufanele.

Loxolo,

Xa kugqityiwe War Patriotic ka-1812 ngonyaka Gerasim Kurin wabuyela ebomini bakhe besiqhelo. Noko ke, abantu belali kunye nabahlali emizini ejikelezileyo hayi ilibale zobuqhawe bakhe, yaye igunya labo okunjalo kwimiba emininzi.

Kwakhona ukuba ngo-1844 yena inxaxheba abe sisithethi sembeko ngethuba kuvulwa Pavlovsky Posad - umzi, akhiwa ngokudibana Pavlov needolophana 4 ezingqongileyo.

Wafa iqhawe 1850 eneminyaka engama-73. Yena wangcwatyelwa kumangcwaba ka Pavlovsk.

Ngoku uyazi ukuba Gerasim Matveevich Kurin - kuzinze iququqzelele squad yakhe ngo-1812 kwaye zikhuselwe ngempumelelo ilali eyayimngqongile yalo imisebenzi French. Igama lakhe belingana kunye amagama amaqhawe esizwe afana Vasilisa Kozhin ezinoncolo Shubin, Ermolai Chetvertakov, ukubonisa ukuba kwilixa lokulingwa kwilizwe abantu Russian ngaba singamanyana bahlele izinto, igalelo uloyiso phezu yotshaba.