Indlela ukuguqula intshi mm? Zingaphi mm intshi?

Ngaba usakhumbula intombazana encinane evela sentsomi, Thumbelina? Ongazange wacinga ngemvelaphi yegama lakhe? Makhe sithethe ngayo.

Malunga elithi "ngaphakathi."

Liguqulwe lithatyathwa kwigama Dutch "intshi" lithetha "ubhontsi". It ngumlinganiselo anobude obulinganayo nobubanzi ubhontsi lomuntu (nangona umntu uthi sithetha malunga ubude yokuhlasela phezulu). Kodwa, nantoni na inxalenye okanye umbuzo, kuvela ukuba Thumbelina - intombazana exabisa noobhontsi.

Ngendlela, xa amaqhawe fantastic eyaziwa elinye iqhawe alingane. Kubonakala ukuba ubhontsi yethu Boy oyintanda nazo kubizwa ngokuba yi Umfanekiso Dyuymovchikom. I joke, Kakade. Noko ke, iminwe abantu ezahlukeneyo, ngoko kodwa ungathanda chaza ukuba: zingaphi mm-intshi?

Ubukhulu i intshi

Ukumisela into eyenza i intshi mm, akukho ilula kakhulu. Isibakala sokuba le yunithi, nto leyo kangangamakhulu eminyaka, iye yatshintsha ngokuphindaphindiweyo nkqu ngaphakathi kwinkqubo efanayo lwamanyathelo, bangabi sakhunjulwa ezahlukeneyo. Vienna intshi ngokulinganayo 2.6340278 cm okanye 26.3 mm; Spanish intshi lendawo (pulgada) of 23.2 mm; E Mexico, apho ikwabizwa ngokuba pulgada, intshi mm ubukhulu wayelingana malunga 23.3.

Olu luhlu linokuzalisa phantse infinity. Kwimeko nganye kwezi wayo yaseJamani yaba eyahlukileyo kwezinye uhlobo amanyathelo bathi ubude: Baden, eBavaria, Saxony ne-Prussia, kwakunye intshi Confederation of iRhine. Kumaphondo lweBaltic, ngokulandelelana, baba Courland, Riga kunye Revel. Xa imimandla ye-Commonwealth wayekho Old Polish kunye intshi novopolskie kunye Wroclaw, Breslau, eSilesia, Lithuanian endala. France waba elithile ubude. Kwakukho iiyunithi ezifanayo nkqu eJapan kunye neTshayina. Ngenxa yoko, 1 Cun (-intshi Chinese) mm kwaba 33.3. Kukho kwakhona ekuthiwa-intshi vidikonovsky, kaninzi kusetyenziswa ekulinganiseni ikhamera matrix yesuntswana. Yena ilingana 16,93 mm.

Malunga imitha Convention kunye nenkqubo metric

May 20, 1875 eParis, xa iSebe leMicimbi yangaPhandle of eFransi, t ezisayiniweyo. N. Imitha Convention - umnqophiso zenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukufana nemigangatho metrological ngamazwe. Ngesi sivumelwano, bekunye Russia - egameni kwisivumelwano komlawuli satyikitywa umcebisi Okunev Umzi wommeli-lizwe. Ukwamkelwa kwale ndibano waba negalelo elibalulekileyo kuphuhliso kwenkqubo metric amanyathelo isiqalo uphuhliso imitha eqhelekileyo kunye ngekhilogram kunye. kamva yaziswa amaxabiso esisiseko unit kwiinkalo umbane kunye yokukhanya. By the Convention Meter kuba xesha eqhotyoshelwe kumazwe angaphezu kwama-50, kuquka zonke kakhulu kwezoqoqosho.

imigqaliselo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo. intshi First - unit endala ngokubanzi akukho ngokunxulumene nenkqubo metric. Ngaphezu koko, i OIML (International Organization of Legal Metrology) licebisa ngamandla ukurhoxiswa ngokukhawuleza isibheno yalo apho isasetyenziswa nangoku ukuba imilinganiselo (isizathu, ndiyacinga, ucacile). Phawula yesibini. Eli lizwe likhulu kwaye ziphuhliswe kakhulu eUnited States, nangona, kwaye usayine Ingqungquthela Meter, kodwa alizithathi ngokwayo kubotshwa ukuba usebenzise inkqubo metric amanyathelo. Intshi Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiyunithi yengingqi njengabanye yehlabathi iyakuqhwalelisa kakhulu ulandele iingcebiso OIML.

An intshi IsiNgesi

Ngoko ke yintoni na yonke Lelona le yunithi njani ukuvakalisa 1 inch mm? Okwangoku, xa kukhankanywa kwekota ngokuqhelekileyo libhekisela IsiNgesi, okanye yokulinganisa ubude. Ixabiso wayo zatshintsha ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kodwa ukususela ngo-1958, ukuguqulela intshi mm kuya kukhokelela 25.4 ngeyunithi nganye. Ngoko ke ukuba ubukhulu weempawu zethu fairytale ngoku ukuya 2,54 cm. Enyanisweni, imvuthuluka!

Hi ndlela leyi, eNgilani, intshi ekuthiwa intshi, ykuba umqondiso - iimpawu zocaphulo Umzekelo:. 17 "Ngoko le ndoda yagqiba ekubeni, nithi, athenge i-TV, kufuneka mazingabhidaniswa noviwo yi bar kabini okanye ukhankanye inombolo kunye namanani Isayizi yeskrini. Kuyinto konke malunga iiyunithi SI efanayo.

EUnited States, eNgilani, kunye dpi 1958 kuthathwa ilingana 2,54 cm Apho, le yunithi kusetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezahlukahlukeneyo, yaye ngokubanzi -. Ngokomzekelo, xa ukhankanya lwemipu abanjalo. E Melika ukuvuleka weapon (trunk enobubanzi engaphakathi) ulinganiswa hundredths ye inch. Ngako oko, edume esile 45 ukuvuleka weapon kuthetha enobubanzi nesiqu intshi 0.45 (11.43 mm).

Apho isetyenziswa khona.

Kukho umbuzo osemthethweni. Kutheni na umntu ohlala kwilizwe esebenzisa inkqubo metric manyathelo (Russia), kufuneka ukhathazeke amazinga US okanye ubude, yithini, ngokuguqulela mm ibe intshi? Kodwa izinto akukho zilula kakhulu. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa ukwandiswa technology yaseMelika kunye ukuvela amagama amatsha zobugcisa, intshi waqalisa ukusetyenziswa ngolwimi Russian kakhulu rhoqo. Kwaye phambi kokuba kubekho amashishini yonke, apho wathi ixabiso kucingwa ukuba iyunithi esisiseko yomlinganiselo. Ngoko ke, ngo-intshi ngokuqhelekileyo kulinganiswa abanjalo zokudubula. Nangona kunjalo, oku kufuneka kube kakuhle ngokwabo. Umzekelo, e-UK, ngokungafaniyo US, ulinganisa sibonise kumawaka ezimbalwa intshi. A Russian odumileyo "trehlineyka" - na iiyunithi-3 ngentla (7.62 mm).

Intshi nazo kusetyenziswa kwishishini lweemoto: Bakala ubukhulu lwevili isithuthi drive. Ukususela ubukho ishishini leemoto eSoviet baqalisa neteknoloji angaphandle kunye namaphepha-mvume, akukho umlinganiselo omncinane ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye isigama angaphandle. Ngokomzekelo, omnye kushishino lokuqala-kuzalwa nemoto ekhaya, PCM-10, itankana ubukhulu ngu 2 1/2 "(63.5 mm). I-intshi ubukhulu kwakhona abonisa lens iteleskopu, yaye omnye iyunithi yokulinganisa ezisetyenziselwa kwimibhobho zokumakisha.

Malunga i tube intshi

Ngaba isiko elide ukusetyenziswa kobungakanani ngethuba lokusebenza kunye nemibhobho irhasi kunye namanzi, kwakunye ukubonisa kubo intambo cut. Kodwa ke, kufanele kuphawulwe: Pipe intshi mm - oku akufani kweesentimitha ezi zesiqhelo.

Lo mqondo ayikwazi ngokuba yenzululwazi, ukanti linentsingiselo echazwe kakuhle. Intshi tube kucingwa ukuba abe sangqa kumphandle umbhobho apho ubukhulu yangaphakathi elivumelana inch njengesiqhelo. Ubukhulu oku ngandlel engenasizathu: imibhobho kufuneka nende ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo ke kuchaphazela isilinganiso ngobubanzi. Ukanti kwezinye Ukufana bakwazi ukuza kulo mbandela.

On a pass phantsi kwemiqathango

Ethetha parameters eziveliswa (ezityikitywe) Umbhobho ngesiqhelo athetha ngaphandle ubukhulu. Kakade ke, phantsi twatse amaxabiso zangaphandle kodwa Ebubanzini bodonga ezahlukeneyo, imilinganiso yangaphakathi iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zinokwahluka kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ingcamango yokuba umbhobho transfer enemiqathango: Le enobubanzi ekhethekileyo lwangaphakathi, nto leyo elungelelene ixabiso ethile lwangaphandle. Umzekelo, kombhobho, apho ndinyana 40 mm, lo ubudeki yangaphakathi ngqo lingaba naliphi na inani elifanayo ngokwaneleyo.

Kutheni kufuneka ukuba uyazi? Emva koko, ukuba isalathisi engundoqo, ebalwayo phezu sicatshulwa kwamanzi ke ubudeki engaphakathi umbhobho. Ukuziqhelisa, amanzi olusetyenziswa iimveliso intsimbi ezo kumakishwa e-intshi, nobhedu, i-aluminiyamu, intsimbi engatyiwa, ekuveliseni phezu imigangatho metric. Ngoko ke, i-intshizi translation umbhobho mm oluchanekileyo (yokucheba ubungakanani kumaxabiso metric). Kukho iitafile ezizodwa (GOST 3262-75), ekusekeni imbalelwano phakathi iindidi ezahlukeneyo imibhobho iparameters zabo. Kuzo ixabiso lesiseko kunye nobukhulu wesiqhelo limka (sicatshulwa) ityhubhu.

Malunga iintsinga

Imibhobho ngokufuthi kufuneka ukudibanisa. Ngobubanzi of intshi ngaphezu kwe-6 jikelele kusetyenziswa welding, iimveliso ezincinane ezo zisontiweyo yi ngomsonto, ogama parameters ngokuqhelekileyo ezivakaliswe intshi. Inyathelo kombhobho imisonto - inani imisonto ezithunyelwe omnye unit ezinjalo. Apha kukho iitafile imbalelwano nangokukrola amanyathelo mm inani imisonto-intshi. Kukho kwakhona ukushwankathela itafile, udityaniso noqhagamshelo ubungakanani intshi umbhobho zezindlu umsonto kunye nemitha iparameters yayo. Ngokuhambelana nazo, ingakumbi, i zomsonto 3 intshi 87,884 mm ekwafanekisa kumaxabiso; 86,405 kwaye 84.926 (amanani ngegama engaphandle, embindini, ngobubanzi yangaphakathi, ngokulandelelana). Ngokubanzi NPT - yinto inzululwazi, kunye neqela elininzi imilinganiselo ezahlukeneyo, iinjongo apho - umxube ekunene lweziqalelo kunye nemibutho zinento. Isiseko zale migangatho inkqubo neziphawuli inch yokulinganisa.

Kwaye kwakhona malunga intshi

Igama "intshi" kunye nezakhi zawo ngamaxesha amaninzi zifumaneka inkcazelo ezinye iinkqubo zoshishino. Ngokomzekelo, igama elithi "dyuymovka" ngamanye amaxesha libhekisela ubukhulu lebhodi kweesentimitha okanye isikhonkwane nje (kulo mzekelo kwakhona iba intshi inguqulelo efanelekileyo mm). Kodwa loo nto bonke. Kude kube ngoku, ingcamango "intshi" xa ebhekisela ngumnyhadala ezithandwayo kunye nezinye iimveliso ezininzi isinyithi. Ukanti ukuba kuluhlu ngale ndlela i anachronism, ukuba uphuhliso olukhawulezayo ubuchwepheshe be-computer, nto leyo ikhokelele amagama amatsha inzuzo yethu. Resolution ezithile abashicileli kunye nezinye izixhobo zibonisa ngokubanzi amachaphaza nge-intshi (dpi). Kukho ingqikelelo pixels-intshi (ppi), isigqibo kusetyenziswa xa ubalula ubuchule isixhobo administering okanye kukukhupha schedule. Concepts dpi kunye ppi ithekhinoloji twatse omnye komnye.

Intshi ngokomlinganiselo izikrini of mobile phones, liso, usuke TV (eyayifudula eSoviet Union, eli xabiso okuvakaliswa cm). Kwi iskrini kukuba singathetha kancinci kakhulu.

Malunga pixels kunye nomfanekiso

Abaninzi, ukuthetha malunga kumabonakude okanye kwezinye izikrini, ingqalelo eyona nto ibalulekileyo yobukhulu balo. Baguqula ngamandla inokubasisiqhelo ngakumbi ubude oxwesileyo kwamanyathelo (umzekelo, 21 intshi in mm) uzama uku bana phandle ukuba le ubungakanani kwanele. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ngokulinganayo ngokwezalathi ezibalulekileyo apho abathengi lweso sixhobo badla musa ukunikela ingqalelo.

Pixel - igama yobugcisa, yaye bafudukela ezisetyenziswa imihla ngemihla. Ukuba kumka umiselo entsonkothileyo, pixel ekunokuthiwa ngayo into ayahlukahlukenanga umbala ethile umfanekiso omncinane. Raster umfanekiso computer kuyinto isethi pixels ezicwangciswe lwemiqolo nemihlathi. imigaqo TV thile ezahlukeneyo, kodwa apha ukuthetha malunga ekusonjululweni ubuchule icebo likaThixo, t. e. ubuchule bakhe ukumela nani likhulu iinxalenye (iiyunithi) oluboniswe imifanekiso. Kakade ke, nawuphi na umfanekiso nto yayintle ngakumbi nobulunga, kungona inani pixels nganye unit ariya yekhusi. Eli nani ppi senditshilo (amachaphaza nganye ukubonisa intshi). Ixabiso ppi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukucaca umfanekiso esemgangathweni ecacileyo, ngoko ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ukuba ukujonga ukuba xa bethenga izixhobo ezifanelekileyo.

Noko ke, hayi kuphela pixels ulonwabo - kunjalo, ubuncinane, iingcali ezininzi zithi. Ukusukela ophezulu-sigqibo kukhokelela ekwandeni kakhulu umthwalo kwikhadi yemizobo. Oko kukuthi, abathengi kamabonakude kunye nezinye izixhobo kufuneka ahlole ngenyameko "kwizazi" kunye "bawo", kwaye kunqumama elilelona ukuba version isixhobo.

Intshi intshi ...

Kulo mkhuba computer, siye sikhumbule abangaka lilodwa naxa ucacise imida ye drives hard, diski drives, DVD-drive iimpawu. Intshi kunye nesayizi ingongoma isizalo lwe khamera. Yintoni isizalo kwaye oko kunefuthe kubungakanani zikumfanekiso wobunjani? Lo ngumbuzo umdla kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu, kodwa enye ingxoxo.

Indlela ukukhumbula ubungakanani kweesentimitha?

Man, musa ziyahluka inkumbulo ezilungileyo amanani, kuyimfuneko ukwazi oku kulandelayo: intshi 4 mali mm ukuya 2.54 * 4, oko kukuthi, kancinane ngaphezulu kwe-1 cm xa akufuneki ukuchaneka okhethekileyo, ulungiselelo olo kunokwenzeka ukuba ukusebenzisa kwezinye ... iimeko ababanazo imihla ngemihla.

isiphelo

Ukuba ubhala "-intshi" umbuzo kuyo nayiphi na injini yokukhangela, iinketho impendulo yaye ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuhambelana nebali kaYakobi Aldridge "inch yokugqibela". umsebenzi encinane, kodwa ngokwenene ebaluleke, elisuke laba classic loncwadi ehlabathini, hayi kanye iyaqhutywa. Kakhulu kabuhlungu ibali nenkalipho kwabantu, ulwalamano entsonkothileyo uyise nonyana, ukuba nemikhwa wekamva.

Kodwa ke isihloko umdla ebalini. Kutheni i "intshi yokugqibela"? Kwibali umntwana oneminyaka elishumi wayengazange fly-moya, oko kwenzeka kuphela ukuqhuba ngendlela enzima, kodwa ukuba oko phantsi kweemeko ezinzima kwaye kuyingozi. Umntwana ephethwe. Le intshi yokugqibela phambi kokutyala zaphesheya, siwenze ube ngumntu eyahlukileyo - umntu omdala ngubani na uxanduva, oku kubalasele yaye ubuso entsha kubudlelwane elizayo uyise nonyana. Ngoko ke akusoloko ilungile ukuvakalisa intshi mm - ngamanye amaxesha eli xabiso kufuna indlela eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo kunye nokulingana.