Indlela ukubona inja: iimpawu umbono wabo

Izinja ngabahlobo bethu yakudala bahlala kwiintsapho. Akumangalisi ukuba abantu abanomdla kakhulu iinkcukacha ka leswi va ngaphakathi emzimbeni yabo nemisebenzi ngayo, yintoni na kwingcingane isilwanyana ezine-enemilenze. Ukufunda konke oku kudala zizazinzulu, bezilwanyana, zoopsychologists. Ngokomzekelo, omnye imibuzo, nto leyo ethatha abantu: "njani izinja bona" Nangona izazinzulu sele wafumana impendulo, asingabo bonke abanini kunye abalimi ezaziwayo. Iingcaciso ziqulathe rhoqo ulwazi bobuxoki, phakathi iinginginya iin- iinkolelo ezininzi malunga umbono ezinjeni.

Njengoko umntu izilwanyana umsebenzi olubonakalayo inika umzimba ezikhethekileyo - amehlo. Yena a guy zonke izilwanyana kukho ababini kubo. Isakhiwo esisiseko ye amalungu okufanayo ebantwini nezinja. Noko ke, kukho umahluko.

Indlela ukubona inja emva kwemini?

umbono izalisekile ngokubanzi andilunganga ngaphezu kokuba umntu. Kodwa utshaba ukuba loo nto ukudlala indima enkulu. Ubume kwamehlo abo, kwakunye umzimba uphela, kangangoko kunokwenzeka aguqulelwe kwezinye iinjongo ngenxa indlela yabo yokuphila.

umbala ziqhele

Iimpawu Umbono Umbala izinja - enye imiba engundoqo awayemkhathaza abantu. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, kwafunyaniswa ukuba izinja ungahlula imibala, kwaye mbono bengengabo abamnyama nabamhlophe, njengoko ndacinga ngaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, bonke efanayo yaye akufani neyethu. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba iliso, kukho iiseli ezikhethekileyo receptor, nto leyo ibe imilo eyahlukileyo, ebizwa-njalo 'iikhowuni "kunye" iintonga ". Eyokuqala unoxanduva kwimbono umbala, okwesibini - kuba umbono ndikho nobusuku. Cone zibaluleke iintlobo ezintathu: uyasabela obomvu-orange umbala uluhlu, mthubi-eluhlaza kunye nezuba-Violet. Xa izinja ngaphantsi ezi seli ngokubanzi, ayikho ngokupheleleyo uhlobo lokuqala. Kulo mba, umahluko phakathi red yellow-oluhlaza, ezi zilwanyana ningaqiqi.

Noko ke, ukuba kakuhle akwazi ukwahlula phakathi zibe nombala ongwevu. Oku kungenxa yokuba kukho inani elikhulu kwizinti novakalelo xaxa. Oku ngakumbi inja unyanzelekile kunye nokukwazi ezizodwa ukubona ngokugqibeleleyo into ihambe kude kude. Ngenxa indawo yezi receptors kufutshane axis woqondo iso, apho abantu "yechaphaza elimthubi" kunye ukuqokelelana cone, umgama imisela benaso ngcono kakhulu umntu. Kufutshane isilwanyana akaboni kakuhle kakhulu; zonke izinto kumgama 30 cm sele umehluko.

Kwenzeka ukuba, intsimi lwembono inja side, okweqanda (abantu - ngeenxa), kunye esqwini iliso ngqo ngaxeshanye omnye komnye, yaye diverge kwi-engile izidanga abangama-20. Lo mqobo kakhulu pet ukubonakala. Kakade ke, iintlobo kunye empumlweni elifutshane, eli nani kufutshane kokwabantu.

Njengoko izinja kubona emnyameni?

Animal ngaba kunxulumene inguqulelo phakathi imini nobusuku, ke ngoko, kufuneka abe umbono omhle na ukukhanya. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, kukho inani elikhulu yeentsasa igqiba eziluncedo umbono photopic, kodwa ixabiso enye, kunye nokunqongophala ukukhanya. Kukho enye ingongoma: ezinjeni emva umaleko kwizinti kunye iikhowuni kukho okunye kuthiwa tapetum (Tapetum), nto leyo iquka ukukhanya ebonisa sombala. Ngenxa yokuba phantse zonke ngesiganeko ukukhanya emehlweni uyabubona iiseli, njengombono wasebusuku, izinja amaxesha 3-4 ilunge ngaphezu kokuba umntu.

Kakade ke, yintoni ngoku uyazi ngendlela bebona inja, ngenkankulu zingachaphazela ukhetho lwakho qabane losapho. Zizala umahluko isilungiseleli seglosi kunye nombala photoreception hayi. yofuzo nje uhlobo oluthile, kukho kuphela ngohlobo olwahlukileyo izifo amehlo.

Ngokukhetha ngokwaneleyo qabane usapho lwakho, Kakade ke, kufuneka kujongwe i data kwakunye nolwazi malunga ngezinye isimo kwizifo. Kodwa ke kuqala kufuneka uyenze ukuze endlwini ukhetho inja ngokwenjongo apho ethatyathwe, iimpawu zayo Ukumila nezakhono zawo, kuquka zemali.