Imbali kwinoveli "Oblomov". Iimpawu ze Oblomov

Roman Goncharov kaThixo "Oblomov" - umsebenzi obalulekileyo yoncwadi lwamandulo Russian kwesiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XIX. Le yincwadi ukuya ukuqonda apho afike kwiminyaka oqolileyo, ngokuthe ngcembe ekuqondeni intsingiselo yalo kunye nabalinganiswa. Umlinganiswa oyintloko isebenza - mhlaba oselula ilya Ilyich Oblomov. Abanye call Oblomov imbongi onengqondo, enye --sobulumko, kunye nabanye - nje amavila. Nangona kunjalo, akukho uluvo olunye umfanekiso Oblomov, nto leyo ngokupheleleyo ngokupheleleyo wayichaza njengomntu. Nawuphi na umfundi lowo unako ukucinga uze ucinge, uya kwenza kuye uluvo ayo.

Imbali i "Oblomov" inoveli

Ivan Goncharov wadala "Oblomov" phantsi kwempembelelo ngamava ezizodwa kunye neengcamango. Roman akazange abonakale ngesiquphe, ngephanyazo, njengoko impendulo izimvo umbhali ngokwakhe. Imbali kwinoveli "Oblomov" ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo sibonakala istampu ebalulekileyo umoya jikelele umsebenzi, apho ibali lenzeka khona kunye nesihamba ngayo. Le mbono wazalelwa ngokuthe ngcembe, njani na iibhloko zokwakha indlu enkulu. Ngaphambi nje "Oblomov" Goncharov yabhalwa inoveli "owenkawu Bolesta", owaba njengesiseko nokudalwa kwinoveli.

Ukudalwa "Oblomov" inoveli ingqamana nengxaki kwezentlalo nezopolitiko eRashiya. Ngokuba lixesha kwafumaniseka ukuba abe ngendlela efanelekileyo kakhulu umnini namdla angenakukwazi ngokuzimeleyo uxanduva kubomi babo, bakwazi ukwenza izigqibo ezifanelekileyo. Ingcamango iyintloko yomsebenzi wayenempebelelo iimbono mhlalutyi Belinsky, ngubani wachukunyiswa lokuqala Romana Goncharova wakhe - "An Ordinary Story". Belinsky waphawula ukuba iincwadi Russian sele kuye kwavela umfanekiso "womntu eyolukileyo", abangakwaziyo ukuqhelana ubunyani ngeenxa zonke kuye, engento eluntwini. Le ndoda - a freethinker, imvakalelo obhityileyo mphuphi, yimbongi sobulumko. Romanticism ubume bayo, inxulunyaniswa yokungasebenzi kakhulu, ubuvila kunye nokungakhathali. Ngoko ke, imbali "Oblomov" kwinoveli linxulumene imeko yezopolitiko ibonisa nobomi ngabafo kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XIX.

icandelo yeengcinga compositional

Le noveli iqulathe iinxalenye ezine, ngasinye nolubonise ngokupheleleyo imeko umlinganiswa ophambili kwaye sibonisa iinguqu ezenzeka umphefumlo walo; zanomkhinkqi, ubukho vilandini; inguqu wentliziyo,, umzabalazo ngokomoya yokuziphatha, yaye ekugqibeleni wafa. ukufa Physical - isiphumo, eza ilya Ilyich. Imbali i "Oblomov" inoveli igxininisa ukungakwazi uTshawe ukuya ngaphaya nazigqibo kwakhe kunye nokuba mathidala nawuphi na umsebenzi.

Umoya endlwini Oblomov

Ngokulambisa bangena kwigumbi apho wayelele esofeni, iikulya Ilyich, lungafumaneka kwi-ngaphakathi, ilungiselelo yezinto zifana afike inkosi kuye: yonke wabona uthuli, izitya esingalungiswanga emva kwesidlo. indima Oblomov kweli inoveli "Oblomov" isici ichaza. Ibonisa umzekelo lobomi, nto leyo ekhokelela ekufeni ngokomoya.

Oblomov ayenziwanga siqheliswe ngakumbi ukuba ubomi, imbonakalo yakhe yonke kunye nemikhwa bavakalisa umnqweno wabo ukuzimela, ukuba abaleke leyinene ngxelo imbi: izihlangu zakhe ububanzi wema ecaleni esofeni, kangangokuba "usoloko nangoko wangena kuwo"; ingubo libanzi kakhulu kwaye simahla, ukuba "Oblomov kwaye kabini azisongele kuso." umkhonzi zahar abe njengenkosi yakhe; kanye kwakhona uphume ezimfuma ngenxa feat yakhe kumagumbi acocekileyo - ixhala nanto kunye idalwa. Zahar zaphela iingcamango zakhe, yena uyazi "inkosi" kwasebusaneni, kutheni maxa wambi evumela ukuba ubeya kubonisana naye.

Yintoni umlinganiswa ophambili?

Iimpawu Oblomov kwinoveli "Oblomov" iboniswa ukuba umfundi ukususela kumaphepha yokuqala. Iikulya Ilyich - indalo kancane okuso, iimvakalelo, kodwa ekuchaseni nawuphi na umsebenzi. Ukuya kuba umsebenzi onzima, akazange afune yaye akazange azame ukutshintsha into ebomini babo. Bha ibiyimini eqhelekileyo karhulumente, njengesiqhelo, kwaye kuphakanyiswe Oblomov ukusuka nokhuko, kufuneka kwenzeke ngaphandle siganeko zesiqhelo. Imfuneko lizalise ishishini kwiphepha kuhamba naye, ingcinga yokuba ukuhamba ngaphandle kule ndlu nothuke uxinezeleke. Noko ke, kunokuba ekuphembeleleni intando, ingqondo, ukuba wenze oko kwakufuneka kuye, usaqhubeka lutho.

"Kutheni na mna?"

Iimpawu Oblomov ngo "Oblomov" inoveli ibonisa uluvo oluphambili umsebenzi - ukuwa kwe siseko yokuziphatha hero kunye ukufa ngcembe. Iphupha Oblomov xa ibonisa umfundi imithombo ubuthakathaka-ezithandwa Ili Ilicha. Ephupheni, uTshawe ubona yena Oblomovka ilali encinane lwakhe lweenkobe apho wazalwa waza wakhulela. Esengumntwana, wenza konke okusemandleni ukuze sizikhusele ubomi benene: akavumelekanga ukuba ushiye indlu engqeleni kunye iqabaka, senyuka ucingo, wafunda kuphela ngaloo mihla, xa kukho umthendeleko, kwaye amatyala qho kangangokuba "angafanele kwaye ride." Ukutya yaba lonqulo apha wayeyithanda neeholide wayifulela kunye neetafile ezinkulu.

Oblomov ithathe elalini bokweyisela, yaba yinxalenye ubukho, nto leyo eyakhokelela abemi balo. "Oblomovism" - utshitshiseke kwimbono ehlabathini: hamba nokuqukuqela, manqaphanqapha ovusa evela ekhathazekile, ulale noko amnye ebantwini. Indima Oblomov ngo "Oblomov" inoveli elikhulu kwaye ezibalulekileyo: ukuchonga ingxaki ungakhohlwa ubuntu yokomoya, ukunyibilikisa ngayo ngokweenkcukacha ngemihla kunye nokuba mathidala ukuze baphile.

Oblomov and Stolz

Umhlobo abakhulu kuphela Ili Ilicha ubomi yaye wahlala Andrei Ivanovich Stolz. Nangona umahluko abalinganiswa yobuntwana zibotshelelwe ubuhlobo olomeleleyo. Stolz esebenzayo, eNamandla, rhoqo kwimicimbi endleleni. Uyayazi na umzuzu akakwazi ukuhlala ndaweni-nye: intshukumo - undoqo yobuntu bakhe. Uye Siphumeze lukhulu ebomini ukuya imigudu eyenziwa ngaphandle, kodwa amava enzulu kwimibongo ifumaneke kuye imibulelo. Stolz uncamela ukuba iphupho, kodwa ukwenza.

Oblomov abanandaba, aswele amandla, nkqu yokuba yaqala ukufunda incwadi (rhoqo, ubeke kangangeeveki eziliqela phezu kwetafile). Iimbongi uchwayitile ngokubona kwakhe, bavuswe umphefumlo intshukumo yokucinga kunye nemvakalelo, kodwa ngaphaya kwezi iingcinga kunye neemvakalelo akazange ihambe. Deep ngokucabanga yaba zobuntu bakhe, kodwa akazange enze nto, ukuba siyiphuhlisa ngaphakathi kuphela ngakumbi. abalinganiswa yayo malungana, la madoda mabini intw 'enye, uyayenza lonke eyodwa evumelanayo.

uthando test

A nempembelelo ebalulekileyo ngobume Ili Ilicha babe abalinganiswa abaphambili yenoveli. Oblomov waphefumlela imvakalelo enkulu Olge Ilinskoy, wayenza ngexesha ukuba ashiye ilizwe labo ezimnandi baze baphume kungena yangaphandle, ezele imibala kunye nezandi yobomi. Nangona isibakala sokuba Olga wayesoloko intlekisa Oblomov, nam andabakhathalela naye wonqena kakhulu kwaye ayinamdla, le ndoda ayo zivaleke.

Uthando shake lwabo amahle kabuhlungu echukumisayo ibali, kudala kwi yomphefumlo imvakalelo ukuzisola, ubukrakra negalelo. Oblomov ocinga ukuba anibufanele uthando, kuba ubhala Olga buhlungu kwaye ileta ezingentle ngexesha elifanayo. Simele sicinge ukuba unalo sokuba of komsipha benzeke, kodwa oko kunokuba ibonisa ukungafumaneki Ili Ilicha imizwa ngayo ngokwabo, ndiyathandabuza ukuba uyakufanelekela uthando amantombazana. UTshawe wanxunguphala yaliwe yaye akazange abe nobuganga ukwenza isindululo Olga. Kule leta abhale ukuba uthando wakhe elungiselela ingqiqo elizayo, kodwa ndingenalo uthando ngokwayo. Ekugqibeleni, uTshawe ilungile: kamva Olga evuma ukuba wamthanda "ikamva Oblomov", ukufwaisha kuye amanakani ithuba uthando olutsha.

Kutheni uthando Olga uEliya akazange ukulondoloza Oblomov?

Nokufika Olga, Oblomov bebona ukuba wokumka kuloo kwesingqengqelo; kodwa kuphela ixesha, ukuba akwazi ukuvakalisa ukuvelela wentombazana yobuhle bakhe kunye nolutsha. iimvakalelo zakhe ngokunyanisekileyo, zinamandla; kodwa abanazo nokuzimisela okuhambisa.

Kunokuba ekusombululeni imiba ibunzi enxulumene indlu kunye malunghiselelo ya mucato, Oblomov nangoku iyakuvingca ebomini. Emini ulele okanye efunda iincwadi, uya umtshakazi azifane ngokutshintsha uxanduva ulonwabo lwabo iindwendwe: ngokucela abanye ukuba abathethelele malunga indlu, ukusombulula ityala kunye nerhafu Oblomovka.

Kutheni le ncwadi kuhlala efanelekileyo namhlanje?

Imbali kwinoveli "Oblomov" ngokusondeleyo edibene zeziganeko zembali yeminyaka 50-60 yaye uluntu kakhulu yamagugu amanene kwinkulungwane XIX. abafundi mihla le ncwadi ibe imiba umdla ukuba ngonaphakade ngokwendalo. Le ukukhetha indlela yobomi, uthando umgca, bulumko kunye neengcamango. Amaqhawe inoveli "Oblomov" yahlukile, kodwa ke bonke abantu, babe nesimilo ngamnye. Nganye kuzo ineendlela zayo kunye neengxaki, iinkolelo zawo, iimbono ehlabathini. Umzekelo, Andrey Shtolts ngokwaneleyo namabhongo, efuna bona abanye, Olga Ilinskaya - indalo naye, izinto ezo yayintsha imibongo nomculo, zahar uyaphazamiseka namavila.

Umfundi aqonde inyaniso elula kuzisa iimpawu inoveli. Oblomov elonakeleyo angasivutheli kuzo waphazanyiswa ubukho bakhe emhlabeni, yaye baphola, isimo ayinamdla ebomini, ukuze ngokwakhe. ubomi esibalulekileyo abalali, ukuba tirhisa ilize, kwaye uqonde umongo walo ngokusebenzisa obubonakala ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nemisebenzi, kubugcisa nenkcubeko, ulonwabo lobuqu.