Imbali ice cream. Ngubani owavela ice cream?

Ice cream yimveliso engumkhenkce switi, ezithi ngokubanzi kudliwa magqabi okanye dessert. Umbuzo owasungula ice cream akuyondlwan 'iyanetha. inkqubo yayo imveliso sele iwupasisile ngendaleko ebalulekileyo. Namhlanje, ngokuqhelekileyo ezenziwe iimveliso zobisi - ubisi okanye cream - kudityaniswe iziqhamo okanye nezinye izithako dessert. Ngokuqhelekileyo, cream mihla switi kunye sucrose, isiraphu ingqolowa, nekalamo iswekile, sugar beet okanye ezinye sweeteners ezifana. Namhlanje, neencasa ezahlukeneyo kunye nedayi asetyenziswa ukongeza ekwenzeni.

Lo mxube ethe azanya zanyiswa, yidibanise izithuba emoyeni, yaye zipholile ngaphantsi qhwa amanzi ukuthintela ukuyilwa omkhenkce kwakheka. Le nkcazo Classic, kodwa ukuba bekusoloko?

Yintoni na?

Ukuqonda kwegama elithi 'ice cream "zinokuba nomahluko kumazwe awahlukeneyo. Ibinzana elithi "iyogurt engumkhenkce", "gelato", "sorbet", "ngowekhastadi ekhenkciweyo" omnye ukuze iveze iintlobo ezahlukeneyo nencasa. Kwamanye amazwe, inkcazelo 'ice cream "lisebenza kuphela uhlobo oluthile lwemveliso, kwakunye nenani izinto ezisisiseko. Ezichu- musa ukuhlangabezana iikhrayitheriya, obizwa ngokuba "dessert ekhenkciweyo", njalo njalo. D.

Namhlanje, phantse onke amazwe Ungafumana uju eyenziwe ezinye ubisi lwenkomo. Ngoko ke, yenza kuyo iigusha okanye ubisi bebhokhwe, okanye ongeze substitutes bakhe yemifuno (umzekelo, soy okanye tofu).

Ice cream ancedwe nezitya ice-cream ukutya ngecephe okanye ikomityi kunye neempondo ikhotha. Oku kungenziwa wakhonza kunye nezinye dessert ezifana apile ipayi. Yisebenzise ekuphekeni ezinye izitya, kuquka milkshakes.

Indaba okukhona

Ngubani owavela ice cream yokuqala? Buyela kwi BC ngenkulungwane 5, amaGrike amandulo snow ukudibanisa ubusi kunye neziqhamo badla. Le uju bethengisa kwiimarike lwe mfene. Zonke noHippocrates eyaziwa wacebisa izigulane bakhe, ukuba badle ngumkhenkce, ecinga ukuba yindlela ukuvuselela amandla ebalulekileyo.

Xa BC kwinkulungwane yesi-4, Aleksandra Makedonskogo aphathe endimthandayo snow ukudibanisa ubusi kunye nencindi.

Frozen umxube ubisi irayisi kunye esetyenziswa malunga 200 BC. e. e China. I-Chinese uthululele umxube ikhephu saltpetre phezu egcwaliswe isiraphu. Le iteknoloji lihlisa qhwa ngezantsi zero. Ngoko ke kunzima ukutsho oko ngenkulungwane wasungula ice cream.

Amanye amazwe baye izitya efanayo. Ngo-400 BC. e. NamaPersi kananjalo wasungula ukutya ekhethekileyo ibande, ezenziwe ngamanzi rose kunye noodles, leyo sihanjisiwe umkhenkce ngexesha lasehlotyeni. Ice ke ugalelwe nesafron, iziqhamo kunye nezinye ezahlukeneyo longeziwe.

WaseRoma uNero (37-68 AD. E.) ngumkhenkce ngokobuqu kunikelwa ashushu oxutywe ntlobo iziqhamo ukudala delicatessen obandayo. Kakade ke, asinakukwazi ukuba yena kuqala wenyuka kunye cream ice, kodwa le iresiphi - kwase ikufutshane le sorbet mihla.

abanemvume

Kwinkulungwane yeshumi Mongol abalawuli basebenzisa abakhweli ukuzila ukuzisa ngumkhenkce ukusuka Hindu Kush ku Delhi ukuze ukulisebenzisa dessert iziqhamo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba uphendule lo mbuzo, beze ne ice cream, kunzima kulo naliphi ilizwe. Kodwa lo uju wayexatyiswa ngokukhawuleza kwaye uyaqhubeka ngokwanda.

neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya ilifa Italian Ekaterine Medichi wothulelw ekwaziseni ice cream ku Europe ngenkulungwane ye-16. Ngokutsho legend zembali xa Medici owayetshate luKhuphiswano lweTshawe neTshawekazi Orleans kunyaka 1533, uye amphathele France abapheki eziliqela Italian abasebenzisa zokupheka for ice eliphekwe okanye sorbet. Umbuzo apho ukuza i cream ice yale iresiphi, kwaye ke sele zixeliwe. Kodwa dessert yamkelwa kakuhle kakhulu.

Kwinkulungwane kamva, uCharles I (King of England) wachukumiseka gqitha le ice dessert ezifundisa umpheki ebomini yepenshini inkonzo zokugcinwa ice cream zokupheka imfihlelo kule dessert kuphela lokusibekela yasebukhosini. Nangona kunjalo, akukho bungqina ngokwembali ukuxhasa ezi ntsomi, owayebonakele kuqala kwinkulungwane ye-19.

Ceba ice cream zokupheka lobunzima?

I yokuqala iresiphi ice eliphekwe isiFrentshi wabonakala ngowe 1674 apha yingqokelela enkulu. Cooking Tips sorbets nayo yapapashwa ngonyaka ka 1694 ngo imithombo IsiNgesi eziliqela, yaye emva koko ngokuphindaphindiweyo zibhaliwe. Ekuqaleni kwezi ngcebiso ukwenza isidlo kunye incasa rough, kunye izigaqa amakhulu omkhenkce. Kamva, abapheki baye babonisa ukuba yokwenene ice cream kufuneka ukuyondelelana obhityileyo zeswekile kunye ngumkhenkce ithungwe crumbled.

Ukwandiswa ngokuthandwa

Kumazwe Mediterranean, i-ice cream lwenziwe ukuze abantu jikelele kwisiqingatha ye2 kweyeshumi elinesibhozo. Uju waba azibizi kwaye ngokubanzi phakathi kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba eNgilani, apho ngo-1851 i-emigrant evela Switzerland Carlo Gatti wavula shop yokuqala Charing Cross, mayixhotyiswe Umboniso okupholisa zengcinga umnini. Le ubuchwepheshe ibe yimpumelelo, yaye kungekudala umkhenkce eziphathwayo yaqala ukuvela kuyo yonke indawo.

Ukuthetha owasungula ice cream, asifanele silibale malunga nani efana Agnes Marshall, egqalwa i "Mchako dessert" eNgilani. Yena ke ngenkuthalo yathandwa iiresiphi okukhona waza wayenza ukusetyenziswa ephawulekayo phakathi kwabantu efumileyo. Ibhalwe iincwadi ezine malunga ice cream, yaye kunikela iintetho zoluntu rhoqo ukupheka. Marshall wada wacebisa ukuba basebenzise nitrogen engamanzi ukulungiselela dessert ebandayo kakhulu.

eziphilayo ezintsha

Obungabangeli mdla ukuvumelana ice cream lwasungulwa 1870s yaye ngoko nangoko kwaduma. Kucingwa ngo 1874 ukuba weza Umpheki yakhe American uRobert Green, kodwa eneneni azinazo naziphi na ubungqina nzima yalo. Xela ukuba nini yaye phi oko kwemoto ice cream, kakhulu, wahlukile. Kukholelwa ukuba wabonakala okokuqala kwi kwenkulungwane ye-19 kwelinye lamazwe IsiNgesi abathetha. Ehlabathini xesha linye, abapheki eziliqela wathi kuqala wadala iziqhamo kunye berry ice cream ehlabathini, kodwa akukho namnye yeresiphi yokuqala iye yasinda. Njengoko legend, iziqhamo uzakhe embodiments zokusetyenziswa njengoko imveliso yemifuno.

Ukwanda ngokuthandwa

Ngaphandle kokuba akukho namnye unako ukuphendula umbuzo, yintoni ngenkulungwane owavela le ice cream (ice cream, sorbet, gelato), ethandwa ehlabathini exabisa okukhona kwavela kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yama-20 emva ifriji cheap kwaba yinto eqhelekileyo. Ku ri na ngaloo minyaka kuye kubekho "indumezulu" yokwenene ekuvelisweni ntlobo ice cream kunye iintlobo ngeentlobo ntlobo. Wabathengisi ngokufuthi ligcwaliswe ngokusekelwe iyantlukwano. Ngoko kukho iziza orhwebo zibanga kule atyiwe. Uhlobo edume kakhulu namhlanje yi "Baskin Robbins", nto leyo wangena emarikeni 31 isoya, yaye akaguquguquki namasiko alo. Le nkampani isilogeni - uthando yonke imihla leyo. Okwangoku, le nkampani Oqhayisayo yokuba wadala ngaphezulu kwe 1000 esiXhoseni.

soft ice cream

Uphuhliso ebalulekileyo kukuyilwa kwinkulungwane yama-20, ithambile ice cream, nto leyo ubunjwe umoya ngakumbi. Ukongeza, ubugcisa kwemveliso into yokuba iindleko ziyancipha kakhulu. Uphuhliso olulolunye zemveliso ice cream ethambileyo kukhokelele ukuvela koomatshini ezizodwa, izithombe kwembumba nomqathane cone. Namhlanje, le uju senziwa iisayithi zokuthenga ezimeleyo, kwakunye kuthungelwano yokutya ngokukhawuleza.