"Iintsuku Uqalekisiwe" - isishwankathelo uhlahlelo imisebenzi Bunin

Sinikela ingcukaca zichintshwa roqo zikunika umbono lwe imisebenzi Ivana Alekseevicha Bunina "Uqalekisiwe Days" - isishwankathelo iziganeko eziphambili awawubhalayo kwidayari yakhe ngo-1918. Ipapashwe le ncwadi okokuqala ngo-1926.

Bunin ngo 1918-1920 ebhalwe okungekho bakhe kunye nemigqaliselo malunga neziganeko ezenzeka ngelo xesha kweli lizwe lethu, ngokohlobo amanqaku kwidayari.

eMoscow ubhale

Ngokomzekelo, Januwari 1, 1918 eMoscow, wabhala ukuba "nyaka damn" liphelile, kodwa mhlawumbi kuza into "nokuba eyoyikekayo ngakumbi."

Februwari 5 kulo nyaka, Waphawula ukuba wavelisa indlela entsha, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba 18 inombolo.

NgoFebhuwari 6 nqaku ebhaliweyo ukuba le ntetho kumaphephandaba malunga ekhubekisayo waseJamani, lendela gawula iqhwa Petrovka kunye abadlulayo ukuziqhayisa, hlula.

Ngaphezu koko Ungashiya umhla uchaze namanqaku ezisisiseko Bunin ukusebenza "Iintsuku Uqalekisiwe", isishwankathelo yayo ingqalelo sithi.

Imbali kwi rail buyo

Igosa oselula wangena emotweni nokuhamba wathi, abadani, ukuba angabi uhlawule itikiti. It ubalekile Simferopol mhlalutyi Derman. Ngokutsho kwakhe, kukho "eye yakhamnqisa nkqu": abasebenzi kunye namajoni uye 'idolo-nzulu egazini, "umntu omdala bawosa bephila-Colonel kwi firebox kaloliwe.

Bunin wabhala ukuba, efana yonke bathi alikafiki ixesha ukujongana cala nangokungenamkhethe kwi revolution Russian. Kodwa soze kubakho buso ngokwenene. Ukongeza, i "ucalucalulo" lubaluleke lethu le mbali elizayo, uthi Bunin ( "Iintsuku Uqalekisiwe"). Ngokufutshane isiqulatho engundoqo iingcamango ezisisiseko Ivan liya qhagamshelana echazwe ngezantsi.

Tram imfumba amajoni ngeebhegi ezinkulu. Ihamba evela eMoscow, besoyika ukuba kuthunyelwe ukukhusela amaJamani Petersburg.

Bunin wadibana Umfana e Cook, ibhityileyo, ezikrazukileyo enxilile. Yena poked 'ubuso bakhe esifubeni sakhe, "ayemtshicela Ivan, wathi kuye:". Despot, unyana a bitch "

Umntu kufakwa ezindongeni iipowusta ibala uLenin noTrotsky enxulumene amaJamani, ukuba nguLwesihlanu.

Incoko ne polisher

Siza kuqhubekeka ukubeka isishwankathelo lesincoko Bunin "Uqalekisiwe Days". Xa incoko nepolishi ubacela umbuzo malunga into elandelayo eya kwenzeka ngokoluvo aba bantu. Bathi ukuphendula akuvumela zikhulule mthetho entolongweni abo babalekayo, akazange kufuneka benze oku, kodwa endaweni yoko kufuneka udubule elide. Ngexesha lolawulo uhlobo kwenzeke. Ngoku ke iiBolsheviks akazange ndabaleka. abantu ababuthathaka ... I kwiBolsheviks into nje malunga nekhulu lamawaka ziya kubakho, kunye nabantu abaqhelekileyo - izigidi, kodwa abanako ukwenza nantoni na. Dali wayeza polisher inkululeko, babeza zonke madlavu evela zokuhlala bahlukaniswa.

Bunin ubhala incoko weva ngengozi on the phone. Ifuna abantu ukuba benze ntoni, yena lomlawuli Kaledin kunye namagosa-15. Impendulo ngu "nangoko shot."

Kwakhona umboniso, umculo, iipowusta, iibhanile - abize: "Sukuma, abantu abasebenza!". Bunin uphawula ukuba amazwi yabo eziqala, zesibeleko. abantu Women Mordovia kunye Chuvash namadoda - mthetho, ezinye ngqo Sakhalin.

Iqhuba ichaze ukuba amaRoma isitampu phezu kobuso igweba. Ke aba bantu musa ukubeka nantoni kuba yonke into zibonakale ngaphandle kwazo.

sihloko sibuye xa

Funda inqaku Lenin kaThixo. Ukhohlisa ingenamsebenzi: i "imvuselelo Russian yesizwe," i-International.

Le ilandelayo ichaza "Congress of the Amaqumrhu", intetho eyanikelwa uLenin. Ukufunda izidumbu, bemi ngamazantsi olwandle. It zarhaxwa, wabulala amagosa. Kwaye ngoko "snuffbox Musical".

Lubyanka Square zonke bubengezela ilanga. Ukususela amavili ngaphakathi udaka ulwelo. Boys, amadoda, halva leengxoxo, iikeyiki, icuba ... I "ekhaleni 'abonisa njani abasebenzi.

Eli joni ekhitshini kwi-AP uthi socialism akwenzeki khona ngoku, kodwa kusafuneka ukuba ukusika oongxowankulu.

1919. Odessa

Siyaqhubeka ukuchaza umsebenzi 'Days Uqalekisiwe "Bunin kaThixo. Isishwankathelo Elawulayo iqulathe ezi ziganeko ezilandelayo zilandelayo iingcamango nombhali.

April 12. amanqaku Bunin badlula emva kokufa iiveki zethu phantse ezintathu. zibuko ongenanto, isixeko efile. Nje namhlanje, ndafumana ileta yomhla we-10 Agasti ukusuka eMoscow. Noko ke, yeenowuthsi umbhali, iposi Russian kukade icangcisiwe, phezu, ngehlobo lowe-'17, xa athe wabonakala ngendlela baseYurophu, kunye noMphathiswa of Posts Telegraphs. I "UMphathiswa weSebe Lemicimbi Yabasebenzi" - yaye yonke Russia nangoko iyeke ukusebenza. USathana amagazi uKayin umsindo wabaphefumlela phezu lizwe ngaloo mihla, xa wavakalisa inkululeko, ukulingana kunye yabafundi. Ngoko nangoko kwafika engqondweni. Zonke iintlobo zezidalwa ezisemngciphekweni ukuze kubamba enye kwenye nayiphi na imbambano.

umfanekiso abantu

Bunin ukhumbula ukubhavuma ngayo yena wabe 'abamnyama' umfanekiso abantu Russian nayo ngoxa abo vspoeny, babesongiwa le ncwadi, nto leyo shame iminyaka elikhulu, zonke iiklasi, ngaphandle ngokuba "abantu" kunye tramps. Zonke izindlu ngoku mnyama, wonke umzi ebumnyameni, ngaphandle yimiqolomba osisigwinta, apho weva balalaika, neendawo yigolide evuthiweyo, iindonga kunye ibhanile ebonakalayo omnyama, ebonisa yaba lukakayi emhlophe nezibhaliweyo "Ukufa ukuba oohlohlesakhe!".

Siyaqhubeka ukuchaza umsebenzi wabhala Bunin IA ( "Iintsuku Uqalekisiwe"), xa skokraschenii. Ivan uthi kukho ezimbini iindidi zabantu kweli lizwe. Ngo omnye wabo kugquba Russia, kunye namanye, njengoko usibeka - Chud. Kodwa babe imbonakalo edlulayo, izimo, "precariousness". waxelela abantu ngokwabo, ukuba kusuka kuye, njengoko evela emthini, "kunye club, yaye i icon." konke kuxhomekeke ekubeni ngubani izibambo, kwiimeko. Emelka Pugachev okanye Sergiy Radonezhsky.

emzini extinct

Siyaqhubeka ulande yethu emfutshane ukuncipha. IA Bunin "Uqalekisiwe Days" ugcwalisa hlobo. E Odessa, 26, idubule Amakhulu Black. Kakhulu. Isixeko uhleli ekhaya, bambalwa kakhulu abantu esitratweni. Wonke uvakalelwa ngathi ngabantu abayinqobo yoyiswa, eyoyikekayo ngaphezu koobawo bethu kwabonakala Pechenegs. Kwaye odle nezitali abathengisa, evakalala, ukutshicela imbewu kajongilanga.

Bunin wathi kamsinya nje iba "red" sixeko, ngoko nangoko iyahluka isihlwele lizele esitratweni. Ukukhethwa yenziwe abantu abangenazo lula, ordinariness. Kwaye phantse nokungafunekiyo, eloyikekayo baziziyatha yakhe embi, ubiza wonke umntu nayo yonke into. Ngomhla Field Mars wenza i "comedy yomngcwabo" Kuthiwa amaqhawe afela inkululeko. Yaba uhlekisa kwabafileyo, ngenxa yokuba baye evinjwa yokungcwaba zamaKristu, wafihlwa kweso sixeko, bakhwela phezulu ngeebhokisi ebomvu.

"Isilumkiso" kumaphephandaba

Ukuqhubeka nokubonelela isishwankathelo imisebenzi IA Bunin "Iintsuku Uqalekisiwe". Ngaphezu koko, umbhali athi "Isilumkiso" kumaphephandaba ukuba uya kuba umbane ngokukhawuleza ngenxa ukukhathala amafutha. Bonke baye basiwa ngenyanga enye akusalanga zikaloliwe, akukho mveliso, akukho iingubo, akukho kutya, akukho manzi. Kube ngorhatya weza kunye "uMkomishinala" ekhaya ukulinganisa igumbi 'ukuba sabasebenzi itywina. " Umbhali uyazibuza ukuba kutheni yamaTyala, uMkomishinala, hayi nje enkundleni. Ngenxa yokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba bahambe igazi ngedolo phantsi ukukhuselwa amazwi engcwele revolution. Nasimilo - into ephambili Red Army. amehlo ehenyuzayo, sobumnyama, idosha emlonyeni wakhe, ikepusi sakhe phezu kwentloko yayo, benxibe amadlavu. E Odessa, omnye abantu abali-15 badutyulwa, wathumela oololiwe amabini kunye abavikeli ukutya Petersburg xa sixeko, "kufa yindlala."

Oku kugqiba umsebenzi 'Days Uqalekisiwe ", isishwankathelo apho sizimisele ukucacisa kuni. Elokuqukumbela, eli abhale umbhali ukuba kunqunyanyiswa Kweli nqanaba, uthi Odessa. Iziqwenga zilandelayo kuwo wangcwatyelwa emhlabeni, bamke kweso sixeko, yaye ngoko nako ukufumana.

A emfutshane Uhlalutyo abangabasemisebenzini 'Days Uqalekisiwe "Bunin kaThixo

Ivan emsebenzini wakhe wavakalisa isimo sakhe revolution - kabukhali negative. Ngengqiqo engqongqo, "Uqalekisiwe Days" Bunin - akukho nedayari, ekubeni iirekhodi kwafunyanwa umbhali memory ngobugcisa phambili. Njengoko ixesha zembali umsantsa kwathathwa ngabo ukuya revolution yamaBolshevik. Bunin wabuzwa yokugqibela, ngubani na va elidlulileyo omkhulu, nooyise. Wayefuna ukuba amsunduze ebunayo, ekwindla ubuhle ethambisayo formlessness, nentlekele maxesha ethu. Xa umsebenzi "Uqalekisiwe Days" Bunin wathi Pushkin saneleyo eliphantsi kuyaphela kwentloko yakhe, ngokungathi ingqalelo kwakhona: "! Okubuhlungu Russia wam". Around umphefumlo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha banamanyala abasetyhini ziluluntu kuphela.

Hayi nje ngokoyisa besoyisa ngokoyiswa kwidemokhrasi yaba umbhali Gehena mbuso, kodwa ilahleko ekungenakufumaneka indlela nocwangco nobomi, uloyiso formlessness. Ukongeza, imveliso elinombala bububi ngenxa yokulahlekelwa, leyo uya Bunin kunye nelizwe lakhe. Ukukhangela abaziinkedama izibuko Odessa, umbhali ukhumbula lokuhamba bangen , kwaye uthi ukuba inzala abakwazi ukucinga ukuba eRashiya, nto leyo kanye bahlala ngabazali babo.

Ukuwa lwesimo Bunin Russian kunye nesiphelo ngokuvumelana yehlabathi. Kuphela yayilunqulo ubona intuthuzelo kuphela.

Kunokuba umbhali kunqulwa bangaphambili ubomi. iziphene zayo natywinwa "Suhodol" yaye "The Village". Wabonisa indawo enye kunye ukonakala phambili kwiklasi iindwalutho. Kodwa xa kuthelekiswa ne kwiintlungu imfazwe yamakhaya kunye revolution, pre-revolution eRussia ukumelwa Bunin waba phantse umfuziselo ucwangco nozinzo. Waziva phantse umprofeti yeBhayibhile, nkqu "Village" iya kuzisa intlekele ezayo ulinde abulawe yabo, kwakunye hayi umkhumbuzi engakhethi wokuzibonela omnye imvukelo ngqiqweni bazilindele Russian, kumazwi Pushkin. Bunin wabona zoyikekayo Revolution ezibonwe ngabantu njengoko ekuziphindezeleni ingcinezelo ngexesha lolawulo Romanov ubukhosi. Waza waphawula ukuba iiBolsheviks uza kubatshabalalisa isiqingatha senani labemi. Ngoko ke, loo esibuhlungu Buninskaya idayari.