Iintaka band eliphakathi: inkcazo kuluhlu. Forest ezidolophini iintaka

Uluhlu iintaka Russia kumba kakhulu. Ukuhlala apha akha, amadada, amahobe kunye chickadees, oongqatyana neenkomo, leyo kungabonwa ezitratweni zonke, kuwo onke epakini kunye umyezo. Kukwakho abameli ezimbalwa yehlabathi kweentaka. Oku Iingwamza, milenge, izikhova, nesangxa, nesakhwatsha, kunye nabanye abaninzi. Ngamnye kubo umdla wabo kwaye i into ebalaseleyo zokufunda.

Birds of Central Russia

Kule nxalenye yelizwe omiweyo linani elikhulu zeentaka. Yaye nyaka ngamnye liyanda inani iintaka ukuba sihlale apha ebusika. Bahlala iipaki kunye nezikwere, phantsi kophahla yezindlu. Kudla abahlali abamelwane wondla ngeentlobo, kwaye ivumela ukuba kuvele zasebusika. Ngokufuthi ningawufumana apha nengabangaba, Kestrel, i Orioles kunye nuthatch. Ezi iintaka zibe ngakumbi ukuhlala kufutshane ebantwini. Kwiipaki ezisezidolophini, amachibi kunye namachibi, ungabona ezininzi amadada kunye weentaka. Kwaye ebusuku uyakwazi ukuva ukupopoza njengenciniba kunye nesangxa ukugqobhoza ukuthethisa.

iintaka band eliphakathi - ngaphezulu kwe-70 eentlobo amadlelo kunye ungenzi kunye neentlobo kwama-60 zeentaka zifuduka. Kwiinyanga ezifudumeleyo, bahlala apha, kodwa nokufika kubanda zithunyelwa Asia and Afrika.

iintaka zasezidolophini

Iintaka ezininzi okumbindi eRashiya bakhetha ukuhlala kufuphi umiwe ngabantu. Kulo mmandla, kukho iindidi ezingama-36 yeentaka ezidolophini. Abanye babo bahlala nje kwizakhiwo ezidolophini. Abanye bakhetha iipaki, waluka iintaka ezihlahleni amatyholo. Ukubukela iintaka umzi, unako ukufunda izibakala umdla iinkalo ezithile zobomi babo. Umzekelo, unako ukubona babenobuchule ezifana ziintaka, apho Asizanga sive eko ngaphambili. Thina nje kufuneka ukuba baye kukhangela phezulu esibhakabhakeni uze umamele ihlabathi elisingqongileyo ngenyameko.

Iinzuzo tywaleni bazisa ngumntu

Kakade ke, amancedo iintaka ezidolophini Kucacile ke ukuba nokuba ukuthetha ngayo. Umzekelo, oongqatyana, ogama labantu nje akunakwenzeka ukuba ndizibalile, sihlala zikhangela ukutya. nemilomo zabo ukuba ngenye imini kutshabalalisa izigidi izinambuzane ezincinane, kwakunye amakhulu amawaka iinkozo zalixhola ukhula. Akumangalisi zibizwa abongikazi zokulahla inkunkuma ezidolophini kunye zokuyilahla.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, loo starling uyakwazi gobble phezulu kangangoko nganye bugs ngemini, izigcawu ezinqunquthayo, njengokuba yena ngokwakhe umlinganisi. Kwaye kule ayenzi potolsteet, kuba onke amandla akhe ayichitha ngokufuna ukutya elitsha.

Kodwa iintaka kwaye kunokuba yingozi.

"Bird" inkathazo

Kwiindawo ephithizelayo iintaka ziyaqala ezizalana iintakumba, iimpukane, amakhalane kunye neentwala. Ukongeza, ezinye iintaka umthombo nokudlulisa izifo eziyingozi kakhulu - psittacosis. Esi sifo yosulela abantu, kwaye kwezinye iimeko lelibulalayo. Kwakhona, iintaka ukuze siwenze izifo ezifana kobuchopho, pasteurellosis, sokuphunza kunye nabanye.

Lidla zikhangela ukutya ziintaka ezincinane ezifana oongqatyana, iimpukane ezivenkileni, izitora kudederhu lweevenkile. Apho yonakalise ukutya, ezingxobeni zicholachole kuzisa impahla azisalungiseki. Bird nokuwiswe are ungcolisa nje kuphela inkangeleko izakhiwo kunye nezitalato, kodwa unobangela umhlwa kumalungu yenkcenkce izakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo. Imihlambi neentaka ukuphazamisa ukusebenza iintambo zombane, nokuthintela ukusebenza eqhelekileyo moya. Batshabalalise izilimo emiyezweni, imiyezo kunye namasimi.

iintaka

iintaka ezininzi band ophakathi kodwa bakhetha ukuhlala emahlathini. ma Evuthuluka bakhetha icula, ukhawuleze, kedrovik Nightingale kunye nabanye. amahlathi zizandyondyo wakhethwa kwezinye iintaka: Tit oluhlaza, quark kunye magpie oluhlaza. ubomi obuninzi emahlathini ka Kwakhona, iintaka insectivorous: nezinqolamthi, flycatchers, amahobe njalo njalo. Apha iindlwane zazo izale.

ma Coniferous abazizityebi iinkozi zegolide, nengabangaba, isikhova. Ungafumana kwakhona & nbsp apha neentlumaya, iqhelekile bonke titmouse. Maxa wambi kusenokubonakala ukuba ihlathi coniferous kunokuba engaphiliyo, yaye lokufa cwaka. Makube lee oko. Enyanisweni, yena ezele izidalwa, ingakumbi iintaka, wena kudingeka nje ukuba bafunde ukuphulaphula ukubeva.

kwaMagwangqa

Enye intaka abadumileyo ezidla i skylark. Le ntaka encinane Umlinganiseli grams-40 kuphela ubude ukuya kuma-19 cm. Befika eziphaphazelayo ekuseni kakhulu, ngokukhawuleza nje ikhephu linyibilike, kwaye kukho kuqala zinyibilikisiwe. Viet indlwane kamva kancinane, xa kukho ezininzi izityalo eziluhlaza. Kwaye ixesha kunyaka wokuqala ophelileyo intaka utya iimbewu zezityalo kunye izicatshulwa phantsi komhlaba ekhenkcezisiweyo izinambuzane belele.

Skylark uhlala phezu komhlaba kwaye utya apho kakhulu. Kodwa uyacula kuphela emoyeni. Ukunyuka ukuya ukuphakama kuyimitha 150, nto leyo ezele, kuphuma khona eziphezulu kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha kubonakala ukuba le ngoma sonorous sivakala ngqo nesibhakabhaka. Usihla, intaka ucula ukuzola kunye ezixhuzuxhuzulayo, kwakunye ukuphakama kuyimitha 15-20 kunye cwaka ngokupheleleyo.

NguHeron kunye Crane

Yayingeyiyo Crane kunye kweentaka ezinjengookhwalimanzi okukhethwayo yokuphila. Yonke indalo kukho malunga 60 iintlobo ookhwalimanzi ezahlukeneyo ngobukhulu. Edume kakhulu phakathi kwazo zezi:

• esimhlophe mkhulu;
• omnyama;
• blue amancinci;
• nyoni gray.

Le into ezaziwa kakhulu, asiyixubi konke nezinye intaka engenakwenzeka. Phakathi iimpawu ezinika ingcaciso - elide, imilenze ezintle kunye ngomlomo, edume ubude bayo bayo, nomsila encinane elifutshane intamo ende.

Zihlala becala emanzini. Ke ingafunyanwa kwi YamaSilamsi, umlambo encinane, kwi basike lwedike. imizimba amakhulu ezinjengookhwalimanzi amanzi ozama ukuphepha. Ezi iintaka zidle ngendlela ngokungaqhelekanga kakhulu. Kwabo iinyoka ukutya, amasele, tadpoles iinyoka, leenewt, izinambuzane ezinkulu, Qhotsa intlanzi kunye nentlanzi. Ezinye iintlobo ookhwalimanzi ukhetha indidi yeempuku zenu kwedesika kunye abamenzelayo ezincinane.

Nendwe kunye ezinjengookhwalimanzi - intaka oyedwa, oko kukuthi, uhlobo iperi enye kuphela. Kodwa ukuba milenge 'ukutshata "bebe, ngoko kudala iperi ezinjengookhwalimanzi ngexesha. Inkunzi ukukhathalelana mhle kakhulu neqabane - ithe chu squats kwaye ivele ngomlomo wayo. Uninzi lomsebenzi lilungiselelo wayakhela inkunzi kuthatha ngaphezu. Ukususela iimazi lifunwa kuphela ukuba kusetyenziswe umbandela bayizisa. Nyoni amantshontsho abophe ngexesha, yaye omnye iklatshi unokuba amaqanda ukuya ku-7.

Ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo ubunzima ezinjengookhwalimanzi unako ukufikelela 2 kg kwaye evulekile - 175 cm.

Milenge - Kwakhona iintaka mikhulu. Ubunzima ngeentlobo unako ukufikelela 6 kg kwaye evulekile - 2.5 yeemitha. Umbala intaka (crane grey) blue-zingwevu, kwaye ukujija mnyama ngaphezu esiswini. Emacaleni kunye esingasemva iintsiba yentamo amhlophe. Inxalenye engentla intloko akanalo buboya, apho kukho eluswini ebomvu kuphela. Ngamathupha mnyama, kwaye lwalo umbala ukukhanya hina.

milenge Gray zifuduka imihlambi zeentaka ezimalunga nama-400. Power kuhlaba nezimo kakhulu. Bayakuvuyela ukuba nidle neziqu imbewu, iitapile, amaqunube kunye imithi yeziqhamo, amagqabi, iingcambu kunye amatswele izityalo ezininzi. Xa ihlobo nendwe ezingwevu diversify nokutya iimpuku, yenamvuna, iintsholongwane, neentaka ezincinane. Abayi eya kwakhona oohlabamanzi, iinkumba, izigcawu kunye ooqongqothwane kunye nezinye izilwanyana.

crane Grey - intaka-ixhoba. Endle, iminyaka yabo yokuphila kunokuba ukuya kwiminyaka engama-40.

Swallows

Phantse bonke ubomi bakhe kuginya ichitha zibhabha, kunqabile ehleli phantsi endaweni yokuphumla. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezi elikhawulezayo-ezinamaphiko iintaka:

• Kuginya umzi;
• yesikhumba;
• Ukuginya kunxweme.

Oku kuphela izimvo ezininzi kakuhle awaziwayo eziqhelekileyo kuthi. Ngokubanzi, nentsapho Swallows ineendidi ezininzi ezimalunga nama-80. Nangona le iyantlukwano, bonke bephela ziyafana kakhulu kwaye phantse ndlela yokuphila. Zonke Swallows insectivorous. Zitya iingcongconi kukuninzi ngaphezu umntu eluncedo kakhulu.

Emoyeni, neentaka - Aces wokwenene. Bekwazi ukwenza efaka ezininzi, ezifana loop efile. Emoyeni, emginya ukwenza yonke into emanzini, somersault, isicwangciso, bade esela kunye nokuqubha, zibhabha phezu amachibi.

Nehlankomo Unxweme umdla kakhulu, okanye njalo-ebizwa ngokuba Sand Martin. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye nabazala bakhe, akubanga wakha yentaka, yaye uhlala emseleni. Ngomhla eweni eweni kufuphi echibini iintaka ezinjalo khendimbe nzulu, maxa wambi kude kube kwisiqingatha umngxuma semitha. Ekugqibeleni ke ulwandiso encinane - egumbini yokwakha. Kwaba khona ukuba Sand Martin ibeka yentaka yeentsasa, amagqabi kunye iincakuba ezomileyo.

amajuba

Ngubani na ezi ntaka, adla ibakho indlela ephakathi azi? Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-300 kusapho nevukuthu. bonke bephela efana kakhulu omnye komnye, kakade, ukuba bucala kuluhlu oluthelekisayo zeengxondorha zokuhomba. Isampulu kuthathwa ngoko ihobe ihobe ezaziwayo-kakuhle. Yaba inzala yakhe yasekhaya bakhonza abantu liphathiswe. Dove - enye intaka ezimbalwa ukuya kwakunye okweempukane. Kodwa ke abantu abaninzi ezidolophini lazy kangangokuba ezivukelana emoyeni kuphela xa kuyimfuneko.

Okumangalisayo kukuba, ihobe ejuba umongikazi abantwana babo. Ngaba wakha weva ngayo ubisi ntaka? Kumalunga igobo. Ngelo xesha ke imbonakalo amantshontsho wazalelwa ebuchotsheni negobo iqalisa ukuvelisa hormone ezikhethekileyo - prolactin. Ngenxa yale nto umphezulu engaphakathi iintaka goiter, okanye mandithi inkunkuma yawo, baqale ukuvelisa into eyodwa efana cottage samasi yobisi. Yena uncediswa imbewu zithanjiswe kudliwa ziintaka. Isiphumo ngumxube ekhethekileyo zizondlo, nto leyo ifidi ukuba amantshontsho.

Enye iintlobo zincinane kukumagobo - ihobe. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba kunjalo ngokuba nevukuthu ababhinqileyo. Noko ke, akunjalo. Ngokungafaniyo-Cesar ihobe ihobe iintaka ayikho urbanist langoku. Baya kuvela kwindawo zethu ekuqaleni May ukumka ku Agasti. Zihlala becala kwiipaki, copses, amasimi kunye namahlathi pine. Iindlwane zezi iintaka emithini. Nangona zonke amahobe kwakhiwe izindlu zabo kunokuba ovele, amajuba yentaka, nokuba oko kukhangeleka ethe kakhulu, eneneni eqinile. Ngamanye amaxesha gorlitsyn izibane indlu ukuze ukwazi ukubona ukusuka emhlabeni lulele kuyo amaqanda okanye amantshontsho ukuze ingqalelo.

oriole

Enye ohlala odumileyo lwamahlathi Russian - Oriole zesiqhelo. kalula kwaso mthubi ngokulahleka yenza ukuncuma kwaye uzive ubushushu yemini zasehlotyeni. Oriole efika emva kwexesha ngoMeyi, xa yonke into iqala ukuguqula ngogonyamelo eluhlaza. Le ntaka enkulu kangangoko, malunga-25 cm kunye ubunzima 70-75 grams ye ubude. Kodwa le ntaka ebonakala kunokuba omkhulu kunzima gqitha ukubona kwamahlamvu eluhlaza.

esidulini Oriole zesiqhelo Vietnamese ezizodwa kakhulu. Yinto uhlobo ngomoyakazi ngokunzulu nkomoni isithsaba emthini. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba umoya ziyashukuma amantshontsho aninakuze niwe ngaphandle yentaka, ngoko sinamandla kakhulu, nangona kakhulu ezintle.

Oriole utya kakhulu ooqongqothwane, amabhabhathane kunye izigcawu. Ekupheleni kwehlobo diversify raspberry yazo yokudla, cherry, kunye Saskatoon. Sele ekuqaleni kaSeptemba, i "imitha yelanga" bodwa zibhabhela busika e-Afrika.

isikhova

Owl - intaka enkulu ngokwaneleyo. Umda amaphiko ayo bakwazi ukufikelela mitha enye enesiqingatha. Amaninzi, ezi abameli we isikhova zezi imbola-obomvu umbala. owl kalula has isakhiwo okhethekileyo, nto leyo evumela ukuba ukubhabha cwaka ngokupheleleyo. Ziintlobo ezi-5 zeentaka abahlala kummandla Russia. Bonke bephela zidweliswe ezisengozini.

Owl ohlala nemiwonyo kufuphi, imigxobhozo kunye namahlathi ubudala. Funda kunokuba ibe kukuhleka lasendle ngokungaqhelekanga. intloko intaka Big wehlabathi usiba 'iindlebe' ezizodwa, namehlo ngokugqibeleleyo ngeenxa enkulu kubona emnyameni. Ngaba izikhova inkalo enye, owaziwa, mhlawumbi, nkqu nabantwana. Bayakwazi ukuba intloko yakhe izidanga njengoko 270.

Owl - intaka lixhoba. ukutya Eqhelekileyo ngokuba kuye oonomatse emhlabeni, marmots, iimpuku, chipmunks kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezincinane. Nkqu ekutyeni ukuze simise izinambuzane ezahlukeneyo, yaye, Isimanga ngokwaneleyo, neencanda. Ukuba nenciniba iyabhabha phezu ichibi, wavuya ukuba regale i isele okanye intlanzi.

Nangona owl omdala akukho iintshaba zendalo, abantwana banokuba ixhoba lula ukuba ingcuka okanye impungutye. Kodwa phi ezi ntaka abachatshazelwa wezandla zabantu. Inyaniso kukuba iintaka badla ngokutya iimpuku abahlala emasimini, iphathwa ne "anti-mouse" iityhefu. Sidle a abagulayo, mouse ngobuthi, intaka phantse akukho amathuba okusinda.

dada

E Central eRussia nabo ezinye iintaka kahle esikhulu. On ukufuduka, umzekelo, oko nenkuku yinto eqhelekileyo zaselwandle. Yena ubusika phezu eziphelweni Azov kunye Black Seas.

dada zaselwandle - yentaka kakhulu olunzima rhoqo, ngoko uninzi lobomi bakhe wachitha emanzini. Bona iyafana ukuya kunezixhobo - weentaka ezincinane. Nangona umehluko isekhona. Xa zaselwandle kwi imibala kumlomo esilawulwa nombala omthubi, ngoxa weentaka ezincinane - emnyama. Kuzo zonke ezinye iinkalo ayefana kakhulu. Body ubude hooping - leemitha 1.3-1.7, kwaye inobunzima-15 kg. Zinemilenze ezimfutshane nentamo entle, ende. buboya ezimhlophe zaselwandle ithambe kakhulu kwaye kufudumele, it has a lot of Lutho.

Kanye milenge, weentaka oyedwa, bona ukudala iqabane ubomi. esidulini zaselwandle, kufuphi namanzi kunye ngobubele ukukhusela ummandla lokugabadela kwasezidolo- abasemzini.

wagtail

Ezi iintaka ezincinane kuvela kwindawo yethu entlakohlaza ekuqaleni. Nditsho umkhenkce akezi phantsi, lo gama amadama ayesele ekho izidalwa neyi, rhoqo wavuthulula nasemisileni yawo. Kwindalo kukho iintlobo ezifana wagtails:

• ezimhlophe;
• mthubi, okanye Pliska;
• imithi pipit;
• Tawny Pipit;
• pipit edlelweni.

Baya bahlala kwilizwe lethu kunye nezinye iintlobo izihlangu zam: enkangala, intaba, Siberian kunye Olubomvu.

Wagtails phantse echitha lonke ixesha lakhe emhlabeni. Nkqu besakha iindlwane phantsi iingcambu zomthi, xa imfumba yeentsasa, ingca, kwaye kufuphi bahlale zingenzelwa amalungiselelo kwi eshedini okanye woodpile. Sekukancinane Musa ukoyika abantu, kwanokuba umntu elivela kufutshane wagtail kwindlwane akayikhululi, kwaye iyaqhubeka ukusebenza endleleni, ukuthatha umngcipheko yindlu lweenkobe.

Njengoko ubona, iintaka Central Russia baninzi kakhulu kwaye zahlukene. Zidweliswe apha zidla ingxenye encane kuphela izilwanyana basekuhlaleni.