Iindlela Rokeach 'Ixabiso orientation ": ukutolikwa kunye processing kweziphumo

In XX leminyaka kwakuhlala wengqondo odumileyo American Milton Rokeach. Phantse umsebenzi wakhe yonke wayitshabalalisa ekufundweni amaxabiso zentlalo zobuqu. Nangona uMilton waqala nje zengqondo. Kodwa ke yaziwa ngokuba umbhekisi phambili ingqikelelo elikhethekileyo ixabiso nofundiso yomntu ngamnye. Kwaye le ndlela Rokeach uba udumo lonke enkulu. Njengoko uvavanyo esekelwe kuyo. Noko ke, izinto eziza kuqala.

amalungiselelo jikelele

Rokeach yokuzoba yakhelwe ijikeleze ingcamango yokuba ixabiso khorwiseka loku tiyeke hi umgaqo lokhetho apho ethile (bulumko, indlela yokuphila, injongo yobomi, njalo-njalo. D.). Noko ke, njengokuba ngengqondo lucebisa ukuba akunjalo kakhulu.

Bonke bephela Milton zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezimbini - terminal zomculo. I yangaphambili ziquka iinkolelo malunga nokuba yintoni na njongo ubukho umntu ngamnye kuxabiseke ngokwenene ukuba bazame ukufikelela kuye.

Uhlobo lwesibini ekuthiwa amaxabiso instrumental. Oku, iinkolelo malunga zisoloko kwaye nayiphi na imeko kuhlala uhlobo impahla umntu okanye umfanekiso yezenzo zakhe ngundoqo.

Oko kukuthi, uhlobo lokuqala kuchaphazela injongo ubukho ngamnye, ize eyesibini - iindlela ukuphumeza kuzo, kunye nemifanekiso amanyathelo.

Okukodwa

Rokeach ndlela nayo ibandakanya uhlalutyo iinqobo kunye ngokwahlula ngokwamaqela, nto leyo kusengqiqweni, ekubeni zonke izigwebo ezinxulumene iinkalo ezithile zobomi. Ngako oko, kukho amaxabiso yobomi buqu kunye nenzaliseko yobungcali, zemali (material) kunye yokomoya. Ngokohlobo zikhankanywe apha ngasentla iinkolelo negalelo ngonxibelelwano, yokuziphatha, ishishini, yokuzincama, ukuzeyisa ngoluvo, kunye nabanye abantu.

Rokeach msebenzi, njengoko kusenziwa imiboniso, yinto eyenza umdla nolusebenzayo. inzuzo yayo siyifumana bhetyebhetye, ukusebenza kunye lula. "Hlola 'umntu ngayo, wena ngokulula kakhulu, kwakunye nenkqubo iziphumo. Kwaye uluhlu lwamaxabiso (eyaziwa ngokuba izinto isivuseleli) kunokwahluka, uze ulungise uqeqesho.

Noko ke, abanye sodwa kunye nobubi. Ezi ziquka undesirability zentlalo kunye amathuba okuba umntu oye wavuma uvavanyo, kuba disingenuous.

Njani na uphando?

Ngoko ke, yintoni na indlela M. Rokeach - ecacileyo. akazange kudlula njani uvavanyo?

Le ndoda wanikela izintlu ezimbini, edwelisa amaxabiso (negalelo kunye terminal). 18 ngalinye. Ziziphi ifomu na, umgaqo, akunamsebenzi. Zidla zinikwa semaphepheni A4 noluhlu okanye amakhadi.

Xa umntu sele ufumene impahla inikwe umsebenzi - ukwabela ixabiso ngalinye inani. Okokuqala ke kwafuneka lijongane uluhlu lwe-terminal, uze emva koko isixhobo.

Iingcali zengqondo ovame ukwenza iimvavanyo ezinjalo, ukubuza imibuzo kubangenisa kuwo kufutshane kwinkqubo phantsi kukhetho uvavanyo. Amaxesha amaninzi nomdla kwindlela amaxabiso baqonda ebomini bakhe. Uxanduva, ngokuqhelekileyo njengepesenti. Okunye ungacela njani abantu amalungiselelo amakhadi eyi-5 okanye-10 eyadlulayo. Okanye njani ukuba zihanjiswe abantu abasondeleyo kuye. Imibuzo kunokuquka ezinye, kokukhona, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uvavanyo leyo ngokuzithandela yaye ngokukhethekayo, wenziwe ubuso-ngobuso.

Uluhlu inombolo 1

Ngoku ungadlulisela ngqo iingqiqo oluquka "yoqhelwaniso ixabiso" indlela Rokeach. Uluhlu lokuqala - thermal. Oku kuquka ezi nkalo zilandelayo:

• impilo esebenzayo.
• Wisdom.
• Health.
• A umsebenzi umdla.
• Art kunye nendalo.
• Uthando ubuhlobo.
• ubutyebi Financial.
• Ukubakho abahlobo abanyanisekileyo.
• Intlonipho kunye nokunakana kwabanye.
• Ithuba lokufunda.
• uphuhliso Personal.
• Ithuba lokuphila nemveliso (amathuba "ngokupheleleyo" ukusetyenziswa kunye namathuba).
• Zokuzonwabisa nolonwabo.
• Ukuzimela inkululeko.
• Ulonwabo ebomini bakho.
• Ithuba nokusungula.
• Ukuzethemba.
• Ulonwabo yabanye.

Ngoko ke le yindlela amaxabiso-18, nto leyo ibandakanya uluhlu terminal. Kwi amakhadi zidla kwizibiyeli abonisa enkulu ukuzimisela kwabo, kodwa ukuze uqonde oko kwakuthetha ntoni.

List inombolo 2

Kodwa loo nto konke oko kuquka indlela Rokeach. Uqwalaselo iziphumo lwenziwa kuphela emva kokuba isayikholojisti, njengoko umntu uya kujongana kuluhlu ngalunye. Kwaye kuquka isixhobo yesibini:

• Ukuchaneka.
• izimilo ezilungileyo.
• Ukukwazi ukunandipha ubomi.
• iimfuno High ebantwini ehlabathini.
• Duty.
• Independence.
• Ukungabi nako ukwamkela ezingeloncedo (as in wena kunye nabanye).
• Intelligence kunye nemfundo.
• Responsibility.
• Rationalism.
• Ukuzeyisa.
• Isibindi, isibindi.
• intando Firm.
• Ukubanako ukuzinyamezela.
• Vula-nye, ukungabi "isakhelo".
• Ukunyaniseka.
• Umsebenzi onzima kunye nemveliso.
• Iminkqangiyelo, ubuzaza.

Njengoko ubona, izintlu yahluke kakhulu. Ubuncinane yokuba kuluhlu lwesibini iquka amagama anxulumene neempawu, nto leyo edla zidlala indima kwinkqubo kuloyo idluliselwe kwi-phantsi.

Indlela ukuthatha uvavanyo?

Kwasekuqaleni Ndathi ukuba ixabiso ezibalelwa inani ngalinye yesiriyeli. Ubuncinane - 1, ngelixa ubuninzi - 5. Le yunithi ophawulwe amaxabiso ukuba akukho ixabiso. Deuce - abo, xa mgaqo, ingaba kubalulekile. BamaZwe - ixabiso ethile ixabiso, ezithile. Abacula - iingxelo ezibalulekileyo. Kwaye quintet - oko umntu ubeka ngaphezu kwabo bonke.

Indlela lokugqiba ngesiphumo?

Le sihloko ebalulekileyo. Iziphumo Indlela Rokeach lidla ezimiselwe ngezengqondo, njengoko iimvavanyo lwenziwa kwaye kakhulu. Kodwa ke ngokwalo jikelele kufuneka akuxelele ukuba kwenziwe ngayo.

Ngenxa yoko, uvavanyo ijolise ukuphonononga imilinganiselo yabantu. Ukuze siqonde ngcono intsingiselo izenzo zakhe okanye indlela yokuziphatha. Iziphumo zigqitywa ekuthiwa-ukuthembeka esikalini. Iyilelwe ukuba ukujonga indlela umntu ufuna izenzo zakhe ngokuqinisekileyo yavavanywa ngabanye. I ephakamileyo isiphumo - kokukhona yesifundo ekwafanekisa le ebizwa ngokuba "sigunyazisa" lo mfanekiso. Kodwa ke umbundu uvavanyo ezibalulekileyo elamkeleke jikelele uphawu lamanqaku 42. Ukuba iziphumo bakhe sawela; ngoko mhlawumbi bengengabo zithembekile, kwaye le ndoda wayengathembekanga, okanye ubuntu ezintsonkothileyo ehleli phambi ngengqondo.

Kodwa hayi kuthathelwa ingqalelo ezo iingongoma amanqaku indoda sekubonakala amaxabiso inani. Psychologist ibhekisa ukuthembeka esikalini. Ukuba umntu, umzekelo, wabeka ezintlanu le ngxelo, elibhekisela isikali ezimbi, yena bawongwa 1 inqaku. Into lithwala a engenaxabiso, wathi le yunithi? Emva koko wabeka i "ezintlanu". Isikali seso sibala ngokomthamo kakhulu, kodwa ukuba oyifunayo, zinokufumaneka ngamnye.

ukuchazwa

Ngoko ke, jikelele, kucacile ukuba indlela yokuqhelaniswa nezifundo Rokeach 'Ixabiso. " Uqwalaselo iziphumo - ityala kwengqondo, kodwa loo nto malunga ukutolika kufuneka singathetha kancinci. Ezininzi zazo.

An ubuchule incazelo Rokeach kwi kumaxabiso ubomi. Ukuba usebenzisa inguqulelo kovavanyo, ngoko ke kuvela iziphumo ukufumana ukuba yintoni umntu ukholelwa injongo yazo - self-uphuhliso, ulwaneliseko ngokomoya, ubuchule, ukusebenzisana kwezentlalo, udumo nentlonipho, baze ke bakwazi ukuphumelela, ubutyebi kunye nezimali okanye nokulondolozwa ungubani buqu, nokwahluka kwenu.

Ingaba utoliko kwimimandla ebalulekileyo. Ngexesha test, kuvela, yintoni indawo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntu - ezinobuchule, ezemfundo, edluliselwa, ezentlalo, ukuzonwabisa okanye ngokwasemzimbeni umsebenzi umda.

Aba ukutyhilwa zimbini ziqhelekileyo. Noko ke, akumangalisi ukuba kutheni na. Olunye uhlalutyo ijolise kukucacisa yehlabathi umntu wangaphakathi. Masakhane - kwihlabathi sakhe sangaphezulu yaye kwisigaba apho uziva ukhululekile apho. Noko ke, bobabini kuhlangene.

Yintoni enye omele uyazi?

I «orientation Ukuxabiseka" yadla becala HIV. Nkqu bengqondo, izazinzulu bathi kakhulu phambili kwaye zithembeke. Akumangalisi, ngokuba Milton Rokeach ngumseki ngayo ingqiqo enexabiso umgaqo.

Nokusebenza yayo kufunyaniswe. Kwenziwa izifundo ezahlukeneyo - kwaye esebenzayo, Kakade ke, abantu abatsha abathatha inxaxheba kuzo, abafundi kunye nabafundi. Ingakumbi abadala. Yaye uninzi lwabo zibekwa phezu terminal amaxabiso zempilo, usapho, abahlobo, uthando, impumelelo kwezemali kunye self-nokuzithemba. Ukususela uluhlu isixhobo, abaninzi baye bakhetha echwayithile, uxanduva, ngembeko, umonde kunye nokukhuthala. Oku kukhetha Ayimangalisi. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba ichanekile kwaye unokuxelwa kwangaphambil. Too jikelele intsha? Makube lee oko. Ukungqinwa le - esithi ngengqondo Erik Erikson. Waqinisekisa ukuba abantu abatsha elolu hlobo, kufuneka ibe 'kaClark ". Ukuze ukwazi ukuba intshukumo enamandla ukuthoba bar lobuntwana bakhe, tsiba phezu kwayo ubambe ukuvuthwa elandelayo bar. Ke ngelo thuba lifutshane kangangoko ixesha.

Kwaye lo ngumzekelo nje omnye. Enyanisweni, indlela Milton Rokeach ngenene umdla, esebenza kakuhle. Kwaye ukuba ufuna, kunye benethuba - kuyimfuneko ukuba baphumelele uvavanyo enjalo. Eyedwa okanye umntu - nantoni na oyithandayo. Ubuncinane ngenxa umdla.