Iimpawu Criminal enkqubo ingqiqo yabo ntlobo. Umxholo kunye nenkqubo kwemisebenzi inkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho. umsebenzi protection inkqubo Criminal

imisebenzi inkqubo Criminal, ingqiqo, iintlobo, umxholo yezi ndidi ichaziwe kwi wamkelwe CCP ngo-2001. Kwinqanaba lowiso-mthetho ziye esikelwe izakhiwo imisebenzi kunye namagosa. Eli nqaku liza kuhlolisisa imisebenzi yenkqubo ekhoyo mthetho, ingqiqo yabo nenkqubo.

ukuchaza

Njengoko umthetho, inkqubo kwenkqubo yolwaphulo ingqalelo njengemisebenzi yemisebenzi enzima, ezenziwe ngabantu abagunyazisiweyo nemizimba ngokungqinelana nemimiselo ye-Criminal Procedure Code. ingcaciso udidi siye saqulunqwa ngokwale mbono. Ngokukodwa, abanye ababhali bakholelwa ukuba ingqikelelo ye imisebenzi yolwaphulo-mthetho yenkqubo kufuna isandla ezithile, ukwenza izinto kwelifunekayo omnye komnye yaye musa idibana. Ezinye ababhali baphathwa noko ngolunye uhlobo. Ngokukodwa, banikwe inkcazelo, njengoko apho eli gama kuthathwa indima ekhethekileyo kunye nenjongo abachaphazelekayo.

features

Iqela leengcali yakhomba iinqobo ezithile ukuba wabonakalisa ingqiqo, umxholo kwemisebenzi inkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho. Okokuqala ibonisa ubukho yommiselo owiso yomsebenzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba amagunya, imisebenzi okanye isakhiwo kunye nabo eyenziwa ngaphakathi sikhokelo nemimiselo. Isibaluli olandelayo icala elinye. imisebenzi Inkqubo Criminal inokwenziwa kuphela ngabantu abathile. Ukongeza, njengoko iimpawu ezikhethekileyo kolu didi izenzo ejoliswe ekuphumeleleni mission ubulungisa.

imigomo

Noxa kunjalo, phambi kokuba echaza imisebenzi yolwaphulo procedural, ingqiqo yabo kunye neentlobo, iingcali beka ugxininiso olumandla kwindawo efanelekileyo yabasebenzi kwamandla karhulumente. Steering, ngenxa yoko, imeko kuqala ukuze njalo esemthethweni. Esi simo sengqondo ibangwa kukuba Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo ebisebenza ngaphambili kwanikelwa ingqalelo ukukhusela iimfanelo karhulumente kunye noluntu, lo gama ngoyaba dispositive. Okwangoku imisebenzi engundoqo mthetho yenkqubo swi kulandelayo:

1. Ukulondoloza iimfuno ezisemthethweni imibutho abemi abathe baba ngamaxhoba xa ulwaphulo-mthetho.
2. Ukungaphumeleli ukutshutshisa umntu omsulwa, kwimo abantu baboniswa kuyo ngokungeyomfuneko.
3. Khusela abantu izityholo abangendawo mthethweni, ukholo, kwakunye ulwaphulo amalungelo kunye nenkululeko.
4. Intshutshiso ukutyunjwa abenzi kwi izenzo isohlwayo nje.

Ngenxa yoko, imisebenzi yolwaphulo zenkqubo ziyaphunyezwa kumacala ezimbini eziphambili. Okokuqala, oko nokubuyiselwa amalungelo amaxhoba izenzo ezingekho mthethweni. Le ulwalathiso yesibini lisebenza nokuthintela kunye nokususwa kotshutshiso ngokungenabulungisa mthethweni lwabantu.

Ukungxamiseka umba ukwahlulwa imisebenzi kunye noxanduva

Ngokutsho kwezinye iingcali, isabelo kwemisebenzi inkqubo mthetho kwi umsebenzi ekujoliswe okanye injongo zomntu ngamnye bekungalunganga. Kungenjalo, kusenokunyanzeleka ukuba omnye okanye elinye iqela ziya kudluliselwa umsebenzi abe yinqobo kuye kuphela. Inani labo liya kuba kufutshane inani labo bathatha inxaxheba kwiingxoxo. Phakathi izazinzulu luyaqhutywa gqolo ukuqhuba kakhulu iingxoxo yokuhlela. Abanye ababhali bafuna ukutshintshela kwinkqubo ukuya nxaxheba ngamnye imisebenzi ethile mthetho yenkqubo. Umxholo yemisebenzi, oko ibotshelelwe ngqo indima lomntu. Ezi ndidi ezikhoyo namhlanje izazinzulu bakholisa ukuba azibandakanye neze ngaphezulu. Ngokomzekelo, abanye bathi kufuneka ngokwahlukileyo umthetho umsebenzi wophando inkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho. A indlela eyahlukileyo, ngokutsho kwezinye izazinzulu, kuyimfuneko ukuba ikheswa nokugcina iisuti yoluntu. Oku, ekuchithekeni ekumisweni kodwa omnye umsebenzi - ukukhuselwa kumabango.

Ukwahlukana ngezigaba

Ezinye izazinzulu baye phambili isindululo sokuba imisebenzi yolwaphulo-mthetho yenkqubo kufuneka yahlulwe ngamaqela 7. Inikela luhlu lulandelayo:

1. Ukusekwa kunye nokuqinisekisa iinkcukacha mthetho.
2. inkqubo Criminal kotshutshiso.
3. kweliso yoMtshutshisi phezu ekuphunyezweni kolawulo lomthetho.
4. umsebenzi inkqubo Criminal yokuzikhusela.
5. Ukuqwalaselwa ityala enkundleni kunye nokulungiswa kwakhe.
6. Subtask enika umsebenzi wamangqina, iingcali kunye nabanye abantu.
7. umsebenzi Secondary, nto leyo ichazwe kwi izenzo abamangalelwa yoluntu lommangali.

Dai ngexesha lakhe, ezincina imisebenzi yolwaphulo procedural, ingqiqo yabo kunye neentlobo, nomnikelo isimo sakhe. Kuye ngokusekelwe ubukho iimfuno nxaxheba kwiinkqubo. Eloba luhlu lulandelayo:

1. Uphando ityala.
2. Ummeli Supervision phezu kugcinwe semthethweni kwiinkqubo zomthetho.
3. Ukukhusela iimfanelo yenkqubo ngamnye.
4. Uncedo ngaphakathi sikhokelo leenkqubo zomthetho.

Zelenetsky bacelwa ukuba ukwabelana imisebenzi yolwaphulo-mthetho elandelwayo zabucala kunye kwabelwane. Ngamanye amazwi, uya kunikwa imisebenzi ziyaphunyezwa kuyo yonke imveliso yetyala, kwaye abo kwenziwa enye okanye izigaba ezininzi.

imisebenzi Inkqubo yolwaphulo kunye neentlobo kwi Code mihla weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-

Kuxhomekeka umdla esukelwa nxaxheba kwiingxoxo bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amathathu:

1. Court. Le umzimba ligqibe inkqubo.

2. icala. Oku kuquka:

• Ixhoba.
• Lo mcuphi.
• Umtshutshisi.
• Obuzayo.
• umtshutshisi Private.
• Chief of Uphando, njl

3. ukuziphendulela. Oku kuquka:

• Umangalelwa.
• Umsolwa.
• Nomondli njalo njalo.

Kuba nganye amaqela ukunika imisebenzi efanelekileyo. Inkqubo ezibandakanyekayo kunye nabanye abantu. Phakathi kwabo, umzekelo, wayeyingcali ingqina, ubungqina, itoliki kunye nabanye. Ngoko, kwi imithetho ekhoyo kuye kwathathelwa ukuzama ukugqibezela kwengxoxo-elide emi, ekuseteni imisebenzi yolwaphulo procedural and izimvo zabo, amaqela ibe ngamahlelo amathathu amaqela eziphambili kwiingxoxo.

ngokwahlukana yokuthethelela

Ngokutsho iingcali ezininzi, ukukhethwa eminye imisebenzi hayi kuphela ngeke ilingane, kodwa ke kwiimeko ezininzi bekuya kuba ezichasene othi ithuba lokukhuphisana. Ngokomzekelo, xa eyahlula umsebenzi wokongamela eyahlukileyo udidi mtshutshisi, intlawulo iza sanikwa amagunya ngaphezu ecaleni umrhanelwa / umtyholwa. akufuneki ibe banzi ngaphezu koko nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba I-kungenzeka yomtshutshisi. Ekwakheni inkqubo yezomthetho othi ithuba lokukhuphisana njengoko iimeko eziphambili sikhetha ukwahlulwa imisebenzi. Noko ke, oku akuthethi ukuba isifundo, esele inayo enye okanye omnye umsebenzi inkqubo yolwaphulo (ukuziphendulela, umzekelo), yaye omnye akukho kungayanyaniswa ngamahlelo amathathu ezikhethiweyo, lo msebenzi iya kunikwa. Kanjalo element aziyi sanikwa amagunya ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, umtshutshisi ugcina ityala enkundleni, ngenxa yokuba inxaxheba ekuqulunqweni kwayo ngexesha lemisebenzi yokuqala, kweliso kwaye siququzelelwa uphando kwetyala. Kulo mzekelo, esisebenza ngayo njengoko umntu onoxanduva ukuba semthethweni nokunyaniseka amabango ukuba umtyholwa / umrhanelwa. Ukongeza, kungumsebenzi ukuba bawongamele umsebenzi nxaxheba kuphando lokuqala. Ngokwesiseko, imisebenzi umtshutshisi woluntu - indlela ukuphendula kukwaphula umthetho phantsi apho inkundla ingathatha ibango basole mthethweni. Ngokwaba 3 kuphela mthetho imisebenzi yenkqubo yowiso kuthintele amathuba yokuphulukana intsingiselo ethile kulo udidi, nto leyo ebizwa ngokuthi hlobo lomsebenzi lwe isifundo esithile. Kwemida lweminye imisebenzi kwi izinto esizimeleyo kugwetyelwa xa namnye nxaxheba kwiingxoxo abanayo igunya ukuphumeza kuzo.

Iqela olongezelelweyo nxaxheba

Ukuze inkqubo kwiimeko ezininzi ababandakanyekayo abantu abankonzo yabo akuyiphazamisi kunye nezenzo yenkundla, utshutshiso kunye nabammeli. Eli qela lichazwa qh. 8 Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo. Employment ingcali ubungqina, itoliki, imisebenzi ubungqina ibandakanya ukuphunyezwa imisebenzi ethile. Lo mthetho ke zidla uchazwa phezulu, okanye inkxaso icala.

nomdla nxaxheba

iinkqubo party Ulwahlulo kuxhomekeke orientation yemisebenzi yabo kunye neenjongo leyo baphila. Ngokutsho kweengcali, akunamsebenzi isabelo umdla woluntu okanye kwicandelo labucala. ingqalelo ngakumbi ihlawulwa ngqo orientation yayo. Umzekelo, ukuba ukhuselo samalungu akhoyo abamele iimfuno abucala, oko akuthethi ukuba simanyene ngokusekelwe obuphezu kwabo ndidi ngamnye. Ngokusekelwe kule meko, siya kucinga ukuba umtshutshisi kunye nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba, efuna ukutsala umntu uxanduva, kufuneka asukele iinjongo zezentlalo. Noko ke, utshutshiso kunokuba kunye nabantu. Oku kulandela ukuba ukwahlulwa esiphakanyiswa lo mthetho, ukuba sisekelwe phezu kwicala umdla, oko kukuthi iinjongo zamaqela. Alithandabuzeki elokuba, zomthathi-nxaxheba ngamnye isizathu. Umzekelo, utshutshiso ufuna etshutshisa isilinganiso indawo. Ngaphezu koko, inzala yakhe mayibhekiswe nokubuyiselwa kunye nolondolozo amalungelo imibutho abemi abathe baba ngamaxhoba xa ulwaphulo-mthetho. Abameli Protection bakhetha ekuthinteleni ukholo okungekho mthethweni umntu, nxamnye imiqathango inkululeko namalungelo umrhanelwa. Inkundla iyingxenye amandla likarhulumente. Eyenza umdla woluntu, lenza nomabi elizimeleyo. Yena sinikezwe ilungelo elikhethekileyo nendinokudlulisela umgwebo.

imibuzo ukubaluleka

Zonke imbonakalo ezikhona kwiinkqubo zolwaphulo azikhethe imbono omnye komnye. Kulo mba, iingcali zikholelwa ukuba ukunika nawuphi na omnye kubo kubaluleke ngakumbi kuyancomeka ngenkankulu. Indima ekhethekileyo imisebenzi ethile na ukuqhubeka naziphi na iinjongo lukho leenkundla, okanye izinto eluntwini, ekubeni kubaluleke ngokulinganayo, iziveze kulwaphulo-mthetho, yaye ingcinezelo ungaqiniseki mthethweni. Kwindawo yokuqala kukho umsebenzi swi utshutshiso (utshutshiso). Kodwa ke oku akuthethi ukuba zonke iimeko iya kuqinisekisa ukubonakala yokungena nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba kunye nokuphunyezwa amanyathelo afanelekileyo.

Umanyano nesakhiwo

Yonke imisebenzi ekhoyo mthetho yenkqubo ke eziphambili. Ke akanako, umanyano ivumelane. Nayiphi na imisebenzi ngokwendalo baze busenza ukuba ubukho abanye ababini. umsebenzi nganye ikhona kwaye kuphuhlisa kunye nabanye. Ngenxa yoko, ukungabikho wokhuseleko kwiingxoxo Icala anike inkqubo umlinganiswa elinye macala. Ngaphezu koko, khona ngaphandle zamabango engenakwenzeka umrhanelwa. Isisombululo Fair nafanelekileyo ingxabano bamnkelekile kuphela kwiimeko kukhuphiswano. Wenkundla inxaxheba omabini amacala eye lukhangelwa ubungqina, uphando iingxoxo kunye neemeko, uyalele imfikele yaye uya kumela ummangalelwa.

izithintelo okuhambisanayo

Ngokutsho kweengcali, imisebenzi ekhoyo nje kuphela efanayo akusenzi omnye. Kuthatha indawo emthwalweni yazo. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, kwimeko excitation inyathelo wenza umsebenzi kuphela kwintlawulo (utshutshiso). Kweli nqanaba akucaci nokuba ngamagunya ngabona amanye amaqela-nxaxheba. Nangona kunjalo, uphando akazange abe namandla ukwenza yonke imisebenzi ezikhoyo kwiingxoxo, nangona yokuba akukho namnye ukwabelana nabo. Kumanqanaba koko inkqubo, akunamsebenzi ukufumana amagunya ngaphezu ngayo ngexesha ekufuneni. Oku kubonisa ukuba umphumo isebenza ngeendlela ezithile, ngaphezu apho kungavumelekanga nokuba, ngaphandle kwakhe, lo gama kungekho namnye ababandakanyekayo.

Beyond mida sele Kujongwe neminye imisebenzi. Ehlobene amanye amaqela amabini ukuya kwiinkqubo. Eziseleyo imisebenzi emibini isebenze njenge uhlobo ummandla apho umphandi kufuneka ukuba uphazamisane. Kwenkululeko bakhe imiselwe ku imiyalelo ukuba banelungelo lokwenza njalo kunye ukuvalwa izenzo ezithile. Naxa kungekho onke amaqela kwiingxoxo phambi kokuqalisa nawuphi na umsebenzi ngemathiriyeli sele wafumana kwahlukanisa ngokucacileyo imisebenzi omnye komnye.

intsebenziswano amaqela

Nangona ubukho imida ecacileyo ekuphumezeni nxaxheba kwiingxoxo imisebenzi yayo asinakho, ukuthetha bohlukaniswe ngokupheleleyo kwezinye lokugqibela nganye. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba amaqela abankonzo imisela ubukho bezi okanye ezinye iingxaki, ayikwazi ukuzimela ngokupheleleyo imisebenzi yayo. Umzekelo, umthetho ubonelela kukhuselwe ilungelo kwifayile inkcaso nomtshutshisi, ijaji, umphandi. Ngoko kubonakala ukukwazi ukuphembelela aba badlali. Kwi ummangalelwa, umrhanelwa okanye uxanduva yommangalelwa ukuba kuvela xa yabiza ligosa eligunyazisiweyo. Oku, ivumela ngurhulumente onoxanduva kotshutshiso okanye imisebenzi enkundla ukunyoba yokuziphatha kula maqumrhu. Xa nqanaba kwiinkqubo ngqo entendelezweni nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba banelungelo ukungenisa isikhalazo. Ekubeni amaqela elithile nefuthe imo eligunya. Ngaphandle nje imibuzo ezithile zokukhawulelana nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba kule nkqubo. Ngenxa umthetho, ukuba enemo esisiseko. Umzekelo, kumayelana isigxina, umthamo wayo, ukhetho iindlela kuthetha ukuba akhusele indawo yayo, ngesisombululo mzekelo, njalo-njalo. Nesisombululo neminye imiba abangazanelisiyo ebaluleke kangaka, ikhutshwa phandle njengoko kuvunyelwene. Kule siyakwazi ukubona ukuba imisebenzi ukuze kuphunyezwe imisebenzi yolwaphulo-mthetho yenkqubo kufuneka macala okulungisa.

isiphelo

Ngokusekelwe kule nkcazelo uchazwe apha ngasentla, kunokwenziwa isigqibo ukuba umthamo kunye nohlobo namagunya athweswe kumaqela ahlukeneyo abathathi-nxaxheba, pre-sizimisele ukuba enze umsebenzi mthetho yenkqubo. Ezi zinto akufuneki litshintshwe kwisigaba esithile yeengxoxo. Ukongeza, imisebenzi inkqubo sesenzo njenge uhlobo nobungakanani apho yokuziphatha efanelekileyo uvumelekile nxaxheba kwiingxoxo. Ngenxa yobukho-sikhokelo umthamo igunya asasazwa omiselwe ngokusemthethweni phakathi amaqela athile nxaxheba. Oku kwenziwa ngokuthi ekubaluleni intshukumo ethile apho amalungu athile banelungelo, kwakunye ukungavumeleki izenzo ezithile zokuziphatha. imisebenzi Classification kuphela isasaze amagunya phakathi kwamaqela amabini nxaxheba Simanywe umdla eqhelekileyo, ngaphandle iyantlukwano ngakumbi umthamo iseti kudidi ngalunye. Noko ke, ngokutsho kwezinye ababhali, yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho, idemokrasi akakwazi kuxhomekeka umlinganiswa enye kuphela ukwabiwa kwemisebenzi phakathi kwamaqela. Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo umda kwamagunya kunye nokomelezwa nxaxheba ngamnye phakathi kwenqanaba elithile iingxaki ezithile kuzo zonke izigaba iingxoxo.